(1) Background: This study evaluated the effects of a plant bioactive (Phyto Ax’Cell, Phytosynthese, Mozac, France) on the inflammatory status and health of dairy cows during calving. (2) Methods: 46 Holstein crossbred cows were randomized into a control group (CON, n = 23) and the Phyto Ax’Cell group (PAC, n = 23). PAC received Phyto Ax’Cell at 25 g/cow/day, from 15 days prepartum to 7 days postpartum. Blood analyses were performed weekly from D-7 to D14 to evaluate the energy metabolism and inflammatory status; rectal temperature was measured daily within 14 days from calving day (D0). (3) Results: PAC showed lower serum haptoglobin at D7 (0.55 vs. 0.79 mg/mL; p < 0.05) and D14 (0.44 vs. 0.66 mg/mL; p < 0.05). CON had a higher number of circulating white blood cells and granulocytes on D7 (p < 0.05). Fewer cows from PAC showed hyperthermia (≥39 °C) during the first 2 weeks postpartum (−7%, p < 0.05). Energy metabolism, which was represented by the NEFA/cholesterol ratio, improved (0.21 vs. 0.36 at D0, p < 0.1; 0.19 and 0.15 vs. 0.36 and 0.32, respectively, at D+7 and D+14, p < 0.05) under the plant bioactive supplementation. (4) Conclusions: The results suggest that the anti-inflammatory plant bioactive compound with Brazilian green propolis administered during calving had a beneficial effect on the energy and inflammatory status of dairy cows.

• Klíčová slova
• energy status, inflammation, periparturient cows, plant bioactive compounds,
• MeSH
• dieta veterinární   MeSH
• fytonutrienty farmakologie   MeSH
• haptoglobiny metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• kyseliny mastné neesterifikované metabolismus   MeSH
• laktace MeSH
• mléko * metabolismus   MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• propolis * farmakologie   MeSH
• skot MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• skot MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie veterinární MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fytonutrienty MeSH
• haptoglobiny MeSH
• kyseliny mastné neesterifikované MeSH
• propolis * MeSH

Cyanobacterial blooms have increased in frequency, distribution, and intensity due to climate change and anthropogenic nutrient input. The release of bioactive compounds accumulated in these blooms can affect the health of humans and the environment. The co-occurrence of bioactive metabolites is well-documented in bloom samples from marine and freshwater ecosystems, with fewer reports from unialgal isolates. Cyanobacteria also are important terrestrial ecosystem components, especially in drylands, but reports on bioactive molecules from terrestrial cyanobacteria are sparse. This study determined bioactive metabolite profiles for 71 genera of cyanobacteria from seven orders isolated from freshwater (12 genera), marine (15 genera), and terrestrial (44 genera) habitats originally. Cultures were harvested for bioactive metabolites when entering the late-exponential phase for all 157 strains, and 33 were sampled at both early and late exponential phases. Bioactive metabolites were analyzed using an ultra high performance/pressure liquid chromatography in-line with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Overall, 12 bioactive classes of the 28 identified were ubiquitous in all samples. On average, each freshwater genus produced ∼12 bioactive classes, whereas each marine genus contained > 4 bioactive classes, and each terrestrial genus contained ∼6 bioactive classes. While 10 of 12 freshwater genera produced at least 10 bioactive classes, only a single genus each from marine and terrestrial habitats had the same number of bioactive classed accumulated. Aeruginosin was found in 58 of 71 total genera, carmabin in 51 of 71 genera, and anabaenopeptin in 48 of 71 genera. Chemotaxonomic use of these secondary metabolites may help resolve higher-level genetic classification(s). An additional growth curve experiment showed that bioactive metabolites were produced at both early and late exponential growth phases. The bioactive metabolite accumulation pattern between early and late exponential phases differed by bioactive classes, genera, and habitats. This survey of 55 bioactive classes in cyanobacteria isolated from freshwater, marine, and terrestrial habitats (71 genera) provides as one of the first systematic bioactive metabolite profiles for cyanobacteria, which should be useful in environmental and drinking water management. Further, it offers novel insights about the toxin potential of selected terrestrial cyanobacteria.

• Klíčová slova
• Bioactive metabolites, Cyanotoxin, Harmful algal isolates, Microcystins, Systematic survey, UPLC-TOF-MS,
• MeSH
• ekosystém * MeSH
• sinice * metabolismus   MeSH
• sladká voda mikrobiologie   MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Phytocannabinoids occurring in Cannabis Sativa L. are unique secondary metabolites possessing interesting pharmacological activities. In this study, the dynamics of thermally induced (60 and 120 °C) phytocannabinoid reactions in four cannabis varieties were investigated. Using UHPLC-HRMS/MS, 40 phytocannabinoids were involved in target analysis, and an additional 281 compounds with cannabinoid-like structures and 258 non-cannabinoid bioactive compounds were subjected to suspect screening. As expected, the key reaction was the decarboxylation of acidic phytocannabinoids. Nevertheless, the rate constants differed among cannabis varieties, documenting the matrix-dependence of this process. Besides neutral counterparts of acidic species, ́neẃ bioactive compounds such as hydroxyquinones were found in heated samples. In addition, changes in other bioactive compounds with both cannabinoid-like and non-cannabinoid structures were documented during cannabis heating at 120 °C. The data document the complexity of heat-induced processes and provide a further understanding of changes in bioactivities occurring under such conditions.

• Klíčová slova
• Bioactive compounds, Cannabinoid hydroxyquinones, Cannabis, Decarboxylation, Hemp, Phytocannabinoids, Suspect screening, UHPLC-HRMS/MS,
• MeSH
• Cannabis * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• fytonutrienty * analýza   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• inflorescentia * chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kanabinoidy * analýza   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• kapalinová chromatografie-hmotnostní spektrometrie metody   MeSH
• sekundární metabolismus MeSH
• vysoká teplota * MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fytonutrienty * MeSH
• kanabinoidy * MeSH

Chyawanprash (CP) is an Ayurvedic health supplement which is made up of a super-concentrated blend of nutrient-rich herbs and minerals. It is meant to restore drained reserves of life force (ojas) and to preserve strength, stamina, and vitality, while stalling the course of aging. Chyawanprash is formulated by processing around 50 medicinal herbs and their extracts, including the prime ingredient, Amla (Indian gooseberry), which is the world's richest source of vitamin C. Chyawanprash preparation involves preparing a decoction of herbs, followed by dried extract preparation, subsequent mixture with honey, and addition of aromatic herb powders (namely clove, cardamom, and cinnamon) as standard. The finished product has a fruit jam-like consistency, and a sweet, sour, and spicy flavor. Scientific exploration of CP is warranted to understand its therapeutic efficacy. Scattered information exploring the therapeutic potential of CP is available, and there is a need to assemble it. Thus, an effort was made to compile the scattered information from ancient Ayurvedic texts and treatises, along with ethnobotanical, ethnopharmacological, and scientifically validated literature, that highlight the role of CP in therapeutics. Citations relevant to the topic were screened.

• Klíčová slova
• Chyawanprash, Indian gooseberry, ayurveda, health supplement, medicinal plants, nutraceutical, traditional medicine,
• MeSH
• funkční potraviny MeSH
• fytonutrienty analýza   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• marketing MeSH
• potravní doplňky * MeSH
• rostlinné přípravky aplikace a dávkování   škodlivé účinky   farmakologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• Chyavanprash MeSH Prohlížeč
• fytonutrienty MeSH
• rostlinné přípravky MeSH

Chronic inflammation with a wide spectrum of connected diseases (e [...].

• MeSH
• fytonutrienty farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• objevování léků MeSH
• regulace genové exprese účinky léků   MeSH
• signální transdukce účinky léků   MeSH
• tradiční čínská medicína MeSH
• zánět farmakoterapie   metabolismus   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• úvodní články MeSH
• úvodníky MeSH
• Názvy látek
• fytonutrienty MeSH

Ziziphora species represent the prototypical example of the Lamiaceae family. The phytochemicals present in Ziziphora include monoterpenic essential oils, triterpenes and phenolic substances belonging to the flavonoids. In Kazakh traditional medicine, Ziziphora species possess several medicinal uses. In particular, Z. bungeana Lam. and Z. clinopodioides Lam. are used for the treatment of illnesses related to the cardiovascular system or to combat different infections. Unfortunately, the majority of the information about the complex Ziziphora species is only available in Russian and Chinese language, therefore, we decided gather all available information on Kazakhstan Ziziphora, namely its content compounds, medicinal uses and published patents, to draw the attention of scientists to this very interesting plant with high medicinal potential.

• Klíčová slova
• Ziziphora, antibacterial, cardiovascular, essential oil, flavonoid, triterpene,
• MeSH
• biologické přípravky chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• fytonutrienty chemie   izolace a purifikace   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• oleje prchavé chemie   farmakologie   MeSH
• Rhizophoraceae chemie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• biologické přípravky MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• fytonutrienty MeSH
• oleje prchavé MeSH

Berries, especially members of several families, such as Rosaceae (strawberry, raspberry, blackberry), and Ericaceae (blueberry, cranberry), belong to the best dietary sources of bioactive compounds (BAC). They have delicious taste and flavor, have economic importance, and because of the antioxidant properties of BAC, they are of great interest also for nutritionists and food technologists due to the opportunity to use BAC as functional foods ingredients. The bioactive compounds in berries contain mainly phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, such as anthocyanins and flavonols, and tannins) and ascorbic acid. These compounds, either individually or combined, are responsible for various health benefits of berries, such as prevention of inflammation disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or protective effects to lower the risk of various cancers. In this review bioactive compounds of commonly consumed berries are described, as well as the factors influencing their antioxidant capacity and their health benefits.

• Klíčová slova
• anthocyanins, antioxidant activity, berry, bioactive compounds, health benefits, phenolic compounds,
• MeSH
• anthokyaniny chemie   MeSH
• antioxidancia chemie   MeSH
• brusnice s jedlými plody chemie   MeSH
• Ericaceae chemie   MeSH
• fenoly chemie   MeSH
• flavonoidy chemie   MeSH
• jahodník chemie   MeSH
• kyselina askorbová chemie   MeSH
• ovoce MeSH
• Rosaceae chemie   MeSH
• Rubus chemie   MeSH
• Vaccinium macrocarpon chemie   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Názvy látek
• anthokyaniny MeSH
• antioxidancia MeSH
• fenoly MeSH
• flavonoidy MeSH
• kyselina askorbová MeSH

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) represent a group of molecules with a signaling role that are involved in regulating human cell proliferation and differentiation. Increased ROS concentrations are often associated with the local nonspecific oxidation of biological macromolecules, especially proteins and lipids. Free radicals, in general, may randomly damage protein molecules through the formation of protein-centered radicals as intermediates that, in turn, decay into several end oxidation products. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of free-radical-mediated lipid oxidation and cell membrane damage, forms adducts with proteins in a nonspecific manner, leading to the loss of their function. In our study, we utilized U-937 cells as a model system to unveil the effect of four selected bioactive compounds (chlorogenic acid, oleuropein, tomatine, and tyrosol) to reduce oxidative stress associated with adduct formation in differentiating cells. The purity of the compounds under study was confirmed by an HPLC analysis. The cellular integrity and changes in the morphology of differentiated U-937 cells were confirmed with confocal microscopy, and no significant toxicity was found in the presence of bioactive compounds. From the Western blot analysis, a reduction in the MDA adduct formation was observed in cells treated with compounds that underlaid the beneficial effects of the compounds tested.

• Klíčová slova
• antioxidants, bioactive compounds, macrophage, malondialdehyde, monocyte, nutraceuticals, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, protein modification, reactive oxygen species, redox reactions,
• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• malondialdehyd MeSH
• oxidace-redukce MeSH
• oxidační stres * MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku farmakologie   MeSH
• volné radikály metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• malondialdehyd MeSH
• reaktivní formy kyslíku MeSH
• volné radikály MeSH

Prediction of retention times (RTs) is increasingly considered in untargeted metabolomics to complement MS/MS matching for annotation of unidentified peaks. We tested the performance of PredRet (http://predret.org/) to predict RTs for plant food bioactive metabolites in a data sharing initiative containing entry sets of 29-103 compounds (totalling 467 compounds, >30 families) across 24 chromatographic systems (CSs). Between 27 and 667 predictions were obtained with a median prediction error of 0.03-0.76 min and interval width of 0.33-8.78 min. An external validation test of eight CSs showed high prediction accuracy. RT prediction was dependent on shape and type of LC gradient, and number of commonly measured compounds. Our study highlights PredRet's accuracy and ability to transpose RT data acquired from one CS to another CS. We recommend extensive RT data sharing in PredRet by the community interested in plant food bioactive metabolites to achieve a powerful community-driven open-access tool for metabolomics annotation.

• Klíčová slova
• Data sharing, Metabolites, Metabolomics, Plant food bioactive compounds, Predicted retention time, UHPLC,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Aging is a complicated biological process in which functional and structural alterations in a living organism take place over time. Reactive oxygen species is one of the main factors responsible for aging and is associated with several chronic pathologies. The relationship between aging and diet is quite interesting and has attained worldwide attention. Healthy food, in addition to dietary antioxidants, are required to delay the process of aging and improve the quality of life. Many healthy foods such as fruits are a good source of dietary nutrients and natural bioactive compounds which have antioxidant properties and are involved in preventing aging and other age-related disorders. Health benefits linked with healthy consumption of fruit have drawn increased interest. A significant number of studies have documented the advantages of fruit intake, as it suppresses free-radical development that further reduces the oxidative stress created in the body and protects against several types of diseases such as cancer, type 2 diabetes, inflammatory disorders, and other cardiovascular diseases that ultimately prevent aging. In addition, fruits have numerous other properties like anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, and have health-promoting effects. Mechanisms of various bioactive compounds that aids in preventing various diseases and increases longevity are also described. This manuscript provides a summary of various bioactive components present in fruits along with their health-promoting and antiaging properties.

• Klíčová slova
• anti-aging, antioxidants, bioactive compounds, edible fruits, free radicals, health benefits, life extension,
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH