Highly crosslinked monolithic capillary columns with inner diameters in the range of 50-530 μm were prepared by radical polymerization of pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-methacrylate, and n-octadecyl methacrylate in the presence of methanol, dodecyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol lauryl ether. Columns were evaluated by inverse size-exclusion chromatography employing a set of polystyrene standards of narrow molecular-size distribution and by scanning electron microscopy. Chromatographic performance under reversed-phase conditions was also evaluated. The combination of two effective crosslinkers as pentaerythritol tetraacrylate and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-methacrylate in the polymerization mixture allows for the preparation of robust and efficient monolithic capillary columns within a fairly wide range of internal diameters.

• Klíčová slova
• inverse size-exclusion chromatography, methacrylate, monoliths, porosity, silsesquioxane,
• MeSH
• akryláty * MeSH
• methakryláty * chemie   MeSH
• polymerizace MeSH
• poréznost MeSH
• propylenglykoly MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• akryláty * MeSH
• methakryláty * MeSH
• pentaerythritol tetraacrylate MeSH Prohlížeč
• propylenglykoly MeSH

A new targeted intravenous conjugate of nystatin with pentaerythritol poly(ethylene glycol)ether has been prepared and characterised (NY(4)-sPEG, M=25 160). The conjugate contains a beta-d-glucopyranoside molecular switch sensitive to beta-glucosidases (E.C.3.2.1.21), which are specifically present in the enzyme outfit of fungal pathogens. The investigated conjugate is stable under in vitro conditions for 24h (solution of phosphate buffer pH=7.4). Spectrophotometrically controlled releasing of nystatin in model medium containing beta-glucosidase ((Aspergillus niger) 2mg/mL, 66.6 units/g; pH 7.4, 2 x 10(-2)M), reported decomposition half-life of conjugate tau(1/2)=(88+/-2)s. This implies that releasing of nystatin is controlled only enzymatically.

• MeSH
• antifungální látky aplikace a dávkování   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• Aspergillus niger enzymologie   MeSH
• celulasy izolace a purifikace   metabolismus   MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie MeSH
• farmaceutická technologie metody   MeSH
• gelová chromatografie MeSH
• hydrolýza MeSH
• kinetika MeSH
• koncentrace vodíkových iontů MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie MeSH
• nosiče léků * MeSH
• nystatin aplikace a dávkování   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• poločas MeSH
• polyethylenglykoly chemie   MeSH
• příprava léků MeSH
• propylenglykoly chemie   MeSH
• pufry MeSH
• rozpustnost MeSH
• spektrofotometrie ultrafialová MeSH
• stabilita léku MeSH
• vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Názvy látek
• antifungální látky MeSH
• celulasy MeSH
• léky s prodlouženým účinkem MeSH
• nosiče léků * MeSH
• nystatin MeSH
• pentaerythritol MeSH Prohlížeč
• polyethylenglykoly MeSH
• propylenglykoly MeSH
• pufry MeSH

• MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie MeSH
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát * MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát * MeSH

• MeSH
• akryláty toxicita   MeSH
• farmaceutické pomocné látky toxicita   MeSH
• králíci MeSH
• kůže účinky léků   MeSH
• masťové základy toxicita   MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• polymery toxicita   MeSH
• propylenglykoly toxicita   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• králíci MeSH
• morčata MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• anglický abstrakt MeSH
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• acrylic acid-allyl pentaerythritol copolymer MeSH Prohlížeč
• akryláty MeSH
• farmaceutické pomocné látky MeSH
• masťové základy MeSH
• polymery MeSH
• propylenglykoly MeSH

• MeSH
• angina pectoris farmakoterapie   MeSH
• arterioskleróza farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elektrokardiografie MeSH
• glykoláty aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• heparin aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• hodnotící studie jako téma MeSH
• kumariny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipoproteinlipasa krev   MeSH
• lipoproteiny krev   MeSH
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát aplikace a dávkování   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• glykoláty MeSH
• heparin MeSH
• kumariny MeSH
• lipoproteinlipasa MeSH
• lipoproteiny MeSH
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát MeSH

The opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia causes lethal infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Multivalent mannoside derivatives were prepared as potential inhibitors of lectin BC2L-A, one of the virulence factors deployed by B. cenocepacia in the infection process. An (α1→2)-thio-linked mannobioside mimic bearing an azide functionalized aglycon was conjugated to different multivalent scaffolds such as propargylated calix[4]arenes, methyl gallate and pentaerythritol by azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. The interaction between the glycoclusters and the mannose binding BC2L-A lectin from B. cenocepacia was examined by isothermal microcalorimetry, surface plasmon resonance, inhibition of yeast agglutination and analytical ultracentrifugation.

• Klíčová slova
• Anti-adhesion therapy, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Click reaction, Glycoclusters, Mannose-binding lectin,
• MeSH
• aglutinační testy MeSH
• Burkholderia cenocepacia chemie   MeSH
• kalorimetrie metody   MeSH
• kvasinky účinky léků   MeSH
• lektin vázající mannosu chemie   metabolismus   farmakologie   MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• mannosidy chemická syntéza   chemie   metabolismus   MeSH
• povrchová plasmonová rezonance MeSH
• techniky syntetické chemie MeSH
• ultracentrifugace metody   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• lektin vázající mannosu MeSH
• ligandy MeSH
• mannosidy MeSH

We studied the effects of long-term administration of molsidomine and pentaerythrityl tetranitrate (PETN) on the cardiovascular system of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). One control and three experimental groups of 10-week-old animals were used: 1) control Wistar rats, 2) SHR, 3) SHR treated with molsidomine in tap water (100 mg/kg/day, by gavage), and 4) SHR treated with PETN in tap water (200 mg/kg/day, by gavage). After six weeks, the content of cGMP in platelets and NO synthase (NOS) activity in aortas were evaluated in the experimental groups. For morphological evaluation the rats were perfused at 120 mm Hg with a glutaraldehyde fixative and the arteries were processed for electron microscopy. Blood pressure and heart weight/body weight ratio (HW/BW) were increased in all experimental groups with respect to the controls. HW/BW was lower in the molsidomine group in comparison to both SHR and PETN-treated group. The platelet content of cGMP was increased and the activity of NOS in the aortas was decreased in the molsidomine and PETN-treated groups. Wall thickness and cross-sectional area of thoracic aorta, carotid artery and coronary artery were increased similarly in all experimental groups compared to the controls, but there were no differences among the experimental groups. We summarize that long-term administration of exogenous NO donors did not improve pathological changes of the cardiovascular system in SHR.

• MeSH
• aorta thoracica účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• aorta účinky léků   enzymologie   MeSH
• arteriae carotides účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• donory oxidu dusnatého farmakologie   MeSH
• guanosinmonofosfát cyklický metabolismus   MeSH
• hypertenze farmakoterapie   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární systém účinky léků   patologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• koronární cévy účinky léků   patologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak účinky léků   MeSH
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• molsidomin farmakologie   MeSH
• náhodné rozdělení MeSH
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát farmakologie   MeSH
• potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
• potkani Wistar MeSH
• srdeční frekvence účinky léků   MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého metabolismus   MeSH
• tělesná hmotnost účinky léků   MeSH
• trombocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• vazodilatancia farmakologie   MeSH
• velikost orgánu účinky léků   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Názvy látek
• donory oxidu dusnatého MeSH
• guanosinmonofosfát cyklický MeSH
• molsidomin MeSH
• pentaerythritoltetranitrát MeSH
• synthasa oxidu dusnatého MeSH
• vazodilatancia MeSH

We report on the growth of metal- and metal-oxide based nanoparticles (NPs) in heated polyol solutions. For this purpose, NPs are produced by the sputtering of a silver, gold, or a copper target to produce either silver, gold, or copper oxide NPs in pentaerythritol ethoxylate (PEEL) which has been annealed up to 200 °C. The objective of the annealing step is the fine modulation of their size. Thus, the evolution of the NP size and shape after thermal annealing is explained according to collision/coalescence kinetics and the affinity between the metal-/metal-oxide and PEEL molecule. Moreover, highlights of few phenomena arising from the annealing step are described such as (i) the reduction of copper oxide into copper by the polyol process and (ii) the effective formation of carbon dots after annealing at 200 °C.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Despite several shortcomings such as extreme hydrophobicity, low drug capacity, characteristic triphasic drug release pattern with a high burst effect, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid derivatives are widely used in drug delivery. Most frequent attempts to improve their properties are blending with other polymers or synthesis of block copolymers. We introduce a new class of branched poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) derivatives as promising biodegradable carriers for prolonged or targeted drug release systems, employed as thin adhesive films, solid dispersions, in situ forming implants or nanoparticles. A series of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) derivatives with lower molar mass and star or comb architecture were synthesized by a simple, catalyst free, direct melt polycondensation method not requiring purification of the obtained sterile product by precipitation. Branching monomers used were mannitol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol and polyacrylic acid. The products were characterized by molar mass averages, average branching ratio, rheological and thermal properties.

• Klíčová slova
• PLGA, branching, light scattering, polymer synthesis, star polymer,
• MeSH
• farmaceutická chemie metody   MeSH
• farmaceutická technologie metody   MeSH
• hydrofobní a hydrofilní interakce MeSH
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné chemie   MeSH
• lékové transportní systémy * MeSH
• nosiče léků chemie   MeSH
• reologie MeSH
• uvolňování léčiv MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Názvy látek
• kopolymer kyseliny glykolové a mléčné MeSH
• nosiče léků MeSH

Effective methods for the synthesis of high-purity nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively studied for a few decades. Among others, cold plasma-based sputtering metals onto a liquid substrate appears to be a very promising technique for the synthesis of high-purity NPs. The process enables the production of very small NPs without using any toxic reagents and complex chemical synthesis routes, and enables the synthesis of alloy NPs which can be the first step towards the formation of porous NPs. In this paper, the synthesis of gold-copper alloy NPs has been performed by co-sputtering gold and copper targets over pentaerythritol ethoxylate. The resulting solutions contain a mixture of gold, copper oxide, and alloy NPs having a radius of few angstroms. The annealing of these NPs, inside the solution, has been performed in order to increase their size and further induce the dealloying of the Au-Cu NPs. The resulting NPs exhibit either a nanoporous structure or are self-organized in an agglomerate of small NPs.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH