In plants, exocytosis is a central mechanism of cell morphogenesis. We still know surprisingly little about some aspects of this process, starting with exocytotic vesicle formation, which may take place at the trans-Golgi network even without coat assistance, facilitated by the local regulation of membrane lipid organization. The RabA4b guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase), recruiting phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase to the trans-Golgi network, is a candidate vesicle formation organizer. However, in plant cells, there are obviously additional endosomal source compartments for secretory vesicles. The Rho/Rop GTPase regulatory module is central for the initiation of exocytotically active domains in plant cell cortex (activated cortical domains). Most plant cells exhibit several distinct plasma membrane domains, established and maintained by endocytosis-driven membrane recycling. We propose the concept of a 'recycling domain', uniting the activated cortical domain and the connected endosomal compartments, as a dynamic spatiotemporal entity. We have recently described the exocyst tethering complex in plant cells. As a result of the multiplicity of its putative Exo70 subunits, this complex may belong to core regulators of recycling domain organization, including the generation of multiple recycling domains within a single cell. The conventional textbook concept that the plant secretory pathway is largely constitutive is misleading.

Department of Plant Physiology Charles University Viničná 5 128 44 Praha 2 Czech Republic

Institute of Experimental Botany Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Rozvojová 263 165 02 Praha 6 Czech Republic

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Transmembrane formins as active cargoes of membrane trafficking

Plasma membrane phospholipid signature recruits the plant exocyst complex via the EXO70A1 subunit

The TOR-Auxin Connection Upstream of Root Hair Growth

Synergy among Exocyst and SNARE Interactions Identifies a Functional Hierarchy in Secretion during Vegetative Growth

Redundant and Diversified Roles Among Selected Arabidopsis thaliana EXO70 Paralogs During Biotic Stress Responses

Division of Labor Between Two Actin Nucleators-the Formin FH1 and the ARP2/3 Complex-in Arabidopsis Epidermal Cell Morphogenesis

Regulation of Exocyst Function in Pollen Tube Growth by Phosphorylation of Exocyst Subunit EXO70C2

Evolution of late steps in exocytosis: conservation and specialization of the exocyst complex

Arabidopsis Trichome Contains Two Plasma Membrane Domains with Different Lipid Compositions Which Attract Distinct EXO70 Subunits

Gene Expression Pattern and Protein Localization of Arabidopsis Phospholipase D Alpha 1 Revealed by Advanced Light-Sheet and Super-Resolution Microscopy

Exocyst Subunit EXO70H4 Has a Specific Role in Callose Synthase Secretion and Silica Accumulation

Early Arabidopsis root hair growth stimulation by pathogenic strains of Pseudomonas syringae

RIN4 recruits the exocyst subunit EXO70B1 to the plasma membrane

EXO70C2 Is a Key Regulatory Factor for Optimal Tip Growth of Pollen

Analysis of Exocyst Subunit EXO70 Family Reveals Distinct Membrane Polar Domains in Tobacco Pollen Tubes

On growth and formins

Tethering Complexes in the Arabidopsis Endomembrane System

Quantitative proteomics of the tobacco pollen tube secretome identifies novel pollen tube guidance proteins important for fertilization

Endosidin2 targets conserved exocyst complex subunit EXO70 to inhibit exocytosis

Cell wall maturation of Arabidopsis trichomes is dependent on exocyst subunit EXO70H4 and involves callose deposition