AIM: To evaluate changes in the serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA), %free PSA and -2proPSA biomarkers, and prostate health index (PHI) in the diagnostic algorithm of early prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Immunoanalytical Laboratory of the University Hospital in Pilsen examined sera from 263 patients being treated at the Hospital's Urology Department with suspected prostate cancer who had undergone biopsies and were divided into a benign and malignant group. The monitored biomarkers were measured using chemiluminescence. All statistical analyses were calculated using the SAS software. RESULTS: We found statistically significantly increased levels of -2proPSA, PHI and PSA and decreased levels of %freePSA in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy vs. patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (median values: -2proPSA: 16 vs. 21 ng/l, PHI: 35 vs. 62, total PSA: 7.2 vs. 7.7 μg/l and %free PSA: 16.7 vs. 11.7%). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed the best performance for PHI compared to other markers. CONCLUSION: The assessment of -2proPSA and the calculation of PHI appear to be of great benefit for a more accurate differential diagnosis of benign hyperplasia and prostate cancer.
- MeSH
- Early Detection of Cancer MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor blood MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms blood diagnosis MeSH
- Area Under Curve MeSH
- Prostate pathology MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen blood MeSH
- ROC Curve MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Sensitivity and Specificity MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Cíl: Cílem studie je zjistit, zda stanovení [-2]proPSA a výpočet Prostate Health Indexu (PHI) zlepší celkovou senzitivitu a specificitu v porovnání s tradičně používanými markery (PSA a freePSA) a navrhnout optimální cut-off pro PHI v diferenciálně diagnostickém postupu časné detekce karcinomu prostaty (KP). Metodika: U 76 pacientů s podezřením na KP a indikovaných k biopsii prostaty byla stanovena hladina celkového PSA, freePSA, [-2]proPSA, vypočítán poměr %freePSA a Prostate Health Index (PHI). Biomarkery se stanovovaly chemiluminiscenční metodou na přístroji Dxl 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistické vyhodnocení bylo provedeno za využití software SAS verze 9.2. Výsledky: Zjistili jsme statisticky významně lepší hodnoty plochy pod ROC křivkou (AUC) jak pro samotné [-2]proPSA (0,77), tak především pro PHI (0,88) v porovnání s tPSA (0,59) a %freePSA (0,61). Žádný z nemocných v našem souboru s biopticky ověřeným KP neměl PHI nižší než 40. Závěr: Stanovení [-2]proPSA a z něj odvozená hodnota PHI významně přispívá k zpřesnění diferenciálně diagnostického procesu mezi BPH a karcinomem prostaty. Cut-off pro PHI > 40 se šedou zónou 30-40 je podle našich dosavadních zkušeností optimální pro využití v rutinní praxi pro časnou detekci KP.
Aim: The goal of this study was to examine if determining [-2]proPSA levels and calculating the Prostate Health Index (PHI) could improve overall sensitivity and specificity of this marker in the diagnosis of prostate cancer compared to standard markers (PSA and %freePSA), and propose an optimal PHI cut-off. Methods: A group of 76 patients with suspected prostate cancer, who were scheduled to undergo prostate biopsies, was tested to determine the total PSA, freePSA and [-2]proPSA levels, calculated %freePSA and Prostate Health Index (PHI). Biomarkers were determined using chemiluminescent technology on a Dxl 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Statistical analysis was performed using SAS version 9.2. Results: We found a statistically significant improvement in the area under the ROC (AUC) for both [-2]proPSA (0.77) and especially for PHI (0.88) levels compared with total PSA (0.59) and % freePSA (0.61) levels. None of the patients included in this study, with histological diagnosis of prostate cancer on biopsy, had a PHI level under 40. Conclusion: Determining the [-2]proPSA and derived PHI values contributes significantly to accuracy in the process of the differential diagnosis between BPH and prostate cancer. Based on out experience, a PHI cut-off of 40, with a gray area between 30 and 40, is optimal for use in routine clinical practice.
- MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential * MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Luminescent Measurements methods statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor analysis MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * diagnosis MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen * analysis MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Cíl studie: Sledování sérových hladin markerů karcinomu prostaty PSA, %freePSA, [-2]proPSA a výpočet PHI v časné dia - gnostice karcinomu prostaty. Typ studie: Pilotní studie Materiál a metody: V imunoanalytické laboratoři Fakultní nemocnice Plzeň (FN) byla vyšetřena séra 76 pacientů Urologické kliniky FN s podezřením na karcinom prostaty a indikovaných k biopsii prostaty pod ultrasonografickou kontrolou (TRUS). U všech pacientů byla stanovena hladina celkového PSA, a pokud byla mezi 0 – 30 μg/l, bylo doplněno stanovení hladin freePSA, [-2]proPSA, vypočítán poměr %freePSA a Prostate Health Index (PHI). Stanovení sledovaných biomarkerů se prováděla chemiluminiscenční metodou na přístroji DxI 800 (Beckman Coulter, USA). Pro veškeré statistické výpočty byl použit statistický software SAS verze 9.2. Výsledky: Nalezli jsme statisticky signifikantně zvýšené hladiny [-2]proPSA a PHI u pacientů s histologicky potvrzeným karcinomem prostaty oproti pacientům s benigní hyperplazií prostaty ([-2]proPSA medián 14 vs. 27 ng/l, PHI medián 35 vs. 77). Naopak u celkového PSA a %freePSA jsme statisticky významné rozdíly v hladinách nenalezli (mediány tPSA 7,1 vs. 7,7 μg/l a %freePSA 16 vs. 11,4 %). Závěr: Pro zpřesnění diferenciální diagnostiky benigní hyperplazie se zdá být stanovení [-2]proPSA a vypočtení indexu PHI velkým přínosem.
Objective: Monitoring changes in the levels of biomarkers PSA, %fPSA, [-2]proPSA and calculation of PHI in the diagnostic algorithm of early prostate cancer. Design: Pilot study Material and Methods: The Immunoanalytical Laboratory of University Hospital in Pilsen examined sera of 76 patients from the Urology department of the University Hospital with suspected prostate cancer who have undergone TRUS biopsy. We assessed the levels of PSA and, if the interval of PSA was between 0-30 μg/l, we also assessed the levels of freePSA, [-2]proPSA and we calculated %fPSA and Prostate Health Index (PHI). The monitored biomarkers were measured using the chemiluminescent DxI 800 instrument (Beckman Coulter, USA). All statistical analyses were calculated using the SAS version 9.2 software. Results: We found statistically significant increased levels of [-2]proPSA and PHI in patients diagnosed with prostate cancer by prostate biopsy vs. patients with benign prostate hypertrophy ([-2]proPSA median 14 vs. 27 ng/l, PHI median 35 vs. 77). On the contrary, we did not find any significant difference in tPSA and %freePSA (median tPSA 7.1 vs. 7.7 μg/l and %freePSA 16 vs.11.4%). Conclusion: The assessment of [-2]proPSA and the calculation of PHI appear to be of great benefit for a more accurate differential diagnosis of benign hyperplasia.
- MeSH
- Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
- Prostatic Hyperplasia diagnosis MeSH
- Carcinoma diagnosis MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Biomarkers, Tumor * blood MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * diagnosis MeSH
- Pilot Projects MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen MeSH
- Statistics as Topic MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Neustále se množící doklady o vysoké frekvenci nedostatku vitaminu D v běžné populaci i u různých skupin onemocnění nás nutí k zamyšlení nad současným stavem v naší populaci. Na základě našich i zahraničních výsledků jsou vyvozovány závěry podporující vhodnost vyšetřování sérových hladin vitaminu D jako podkladu pro případnou suplementaci.
There is an ever‑increasing body of evidence of a high frequency of vitamin D deficiency in the general population as well as in different groups of diseases. This forces us to reflect on the current state of affairs in our population. Based on our own and foreign results, conclusions are drawn to support the suitability of investigating the serum levels of vitamin D as a basis for possible supplementation.
- Keywords
- suplementace, deficience, insuficience, stav vitaminu D v ČR, vit25OHD,
- MeSH
- Epidemiologic Studies MeSH
- Immunoassay methods standards MeSH
- Calcitriol MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Vitamin D Deficiency epidemiology immunology MeSH
- Vitamin D * analysis physiology blood MeSH
- Health Surveys MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
