Vydání první ^^^svazků : ilustrace ; 30 cm
Učebnice se zabývá fyzikální chemií, kinetickou teorií hmoty a chemickou termodynamikou.
- MeSH
- chemie fyzikální MeSH
- Konspekt
- Chemie. Mineralogické vědy
- NLK Obory
- přírodní vědy
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
In coronary heart disease, the treatment of significant stenosis by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation elicits local and systemic inflammatory responses. This study was aimed at evaluation of the dynamics of inflammatory response and elucidation of the relationship between the fatty acid profile of red blood cell (RBC) membranes or plasma phospholipids and inflammation after PCI. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), serum amyloid A (SAA), malondialdehyde (MDA) and the fatty acid profiles were determined in patients with advanced coronary artery disease undergoing PCI before, 24 h and 48 h after drug-eluting stent implantation (n=36). Patients after PCI exhibited a significant increase in studied markers (hsCRP, IL-6, SAA, MDA). Many significant associations were found between the increase of IL-6, resp. SAA and the amounts of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (namely linoleic, dihomo-gamma-linolenic, docosatetraenoic and docosapentaenoic acid), resp. saturated fatty acids (pentadecanoic, stearic, nonadecanoic) in erythrocyte membranes. The magnitude of the inflammatory response to PCI is related to erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile, which seems to be a better potential predictor of elevation of inflammatory markers after PCI than plasma phospholipids.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- erytrocytární membrána chemie MeSH
- fosfolipidy krev MeSH
- koronární angioplastika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- malondialdehyd krev MeSH
- mastné kyseliny krev MeSH
- nemoci koronárních tepen krev chirurgie MeSH
- nenasycené mastné kyseliny krev MeSH
- oxidační stres MeSH
- pooperační komplikace krev MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- stenty škodlivé účinky MeSH
- zánět krev etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- chemické bojové látky MeSH
- cholinesterasové inhibitory * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- cholinesterasy * farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- diagnostické techniky a postupy MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myasthenia gravis diagnóza farmakoterapie MeSH
- otrava * diagnóza MeSH
- pesticidy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Vyd. 2., rozš. 213 s. : il. ; 30 cm
- Konspekt
- Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
- Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
- NLK Obory
- biochemie
- fyzika, biofyzika
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
Vyd. 1. 88 s. : il. ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- farmakokinetika MeSH
- Konspekt
- Farmacie. Farmakologie
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- učebnice vysokých škol
The continuous methanolysis of rapeseed oil catalyzed by KOH in a cascade of 4 flow stirred reactors at a steady state of 60 degrees C was studied. By comparing of the determined steady state concentrations of rapeseed oil, biodiesel and KOH in the reactors (under various initial concentrations of these components and feeding) with the assumed kinetic model the rate constants of the relevant differential rate equations for rapeseed oil consumption and biodiesel production were calculated.
Kinetics and mechanism of in vitro hydrolyses of acetylcholine and acetylthiocholine by carbamates were studied in a batch reactor at 25 degrees C, pH 8, and ionic strength of 0.11 M. Every hydrolysis was monitored by 3-4 independent methods. All studied hydrolyses can be described by the model of competitive inhibition with an irreversible step (k3). A table of obtained average values of rate constants and discussion of the resultes are given.
The pI50 index and separation coefficients of chosen 3-N,N-diethylaminophenyl-N',N'-dialkylcarbamates were determined. Index pL50 (pI50 = negative logarithm of molar concentration of inhibitor inhibiting the enzyme activity by 50%) describes the effectiveness of the inhibitor. The rate of ability of the inhibitor to pass the blood-brain barrier is usually described by the separation coefficient in a system n-octanol/water (K(ow)). Obtained results were compared with pL50 and K(ow) of Exelon, the commercially used drug against the Alzheimer's disease.
- MeSH
- acetylcholinesterasa metabolismus MeSH
- acetylthiocholin metabolismus MeSH
- alkylace MeSH
- cholinesterasové inhibitory farmakologie MeSH
- dioxany farmakologie MeSH
- Electrophorus MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- karbamáty farmakologie chemie MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- molekulární modely MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
The original Ellman's spectrophotometrical method for cholinesterase activity determination uses 5,5'-dithiobis-2-nitrobenzoic acid (DTNB, Ellman's reagent) as a chromogen and records the level of cholinesterase activity as an increase of absorbance at 412 nm. Although this procedure usually poses no problem, exceptions arise when the concentration of DTNB is far higher than the concentration of acetylthiocholine (ATCH). It was found that the ratio of concentrations of DTNB/ATCH is an important parameter for the ATCH hydrolysis course: high excess of DTNB decreases the hydrolysis rate resulting in a lower measured enzyme activity. Our experiments indicate that this influence of DTNB concentration can be explained by the inhibition of ATCH hydrolysis by DTNB.
Kinetics of hydrolysis of acetylcholine and acetylthiocholine by two types of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibited by 13 new inhibitors (5 carbamates and 8 carbazates--hydrazinium derivatives) was measured in vitro in a batch reactor at 25 degrees C, pH 8, ionic strength 0.11 M and enzyme activity 3.5 U by four nondependent analytical methods. Sevin, rivastigmin (Exelon) and galantamin (Reminyl) served as comparative inhibiting standards. Kinetics of hydrolyses inhibited by all studied carbamates, sevin, carbazates (with exceptions) and rivastigmin (with exceptions) can be simulated by the competitive inhibition model with irreversible reaction between enzyme and inhibitor. Galantamin does not fulfil this model. In positive simulations, the value of inhibition (carbamoylation) rate constant k3 was calculated, describing the reaction velocity between the given enzyme and inhibitor. Physiologically important hydrolyses of acetylcholine catalyzed by acetylcholinesterase from electric eel or bovine erythrocytes and butyrylcholinesterase from horse plasma can be most quickly inhibited by carbamoylation of the mentioned enzymes by the 3-N,N-diethylaminophenyl-N'-(1-alkyl) carbamates 4 and 5. Probably this is due to a long enough hydrocarbon aliphatic substituent (hexyl and octyl) on the amidic nitrogen atom. The tested carbazates failed as inhibitors of cholinesterases. The regeneration ability of the inhibited enzymes was not measured.
