Ciele výskumu. Hlavným cieľom tejto štúdie bolo hlbšie preskúmať názory a presvedčenia žiakov v oblasti fajčenia a pitia alkoholu s využitím kvalitatívneho prístupu a údajov prierezovej štúdie HBSC (Health behaviour in school-aged children) 2013/2014. Cieľom bolo tiež porovnať variabilitu názorov a presvedčení žiakov z hľadiska rodu a veku. Výskumná vzorka a metódy. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 75 žiakov 4 základných škôl. Výskumná vzorka kopírovala cieľovú populáciu HBSC štúdie, teda žiakov vo veku 11-, 13- a 15- rokov. Dizajn výskumu bol založený na kvalitatívnom prístupe s využitím elicitácie formou pripravených pracovných listov a iniciačných otvorených otázok. Metódou zberu dát boli pracovné listy a záznamy tichého pozorovateľa. Výskumná otázka. Aké sú postoje a presvedčenia žiakov ku prezentovaným výsledkom v oblasti fajčenia a pitia alkoholu ich rovesníkov, a aké sú následné odporúčania školákov v týchto oblastiach. Analýza dát. Získané údaje boli analyzované kvalitatívnou riadenou obsahovou analýzou. Výsledky. Participanti majú dostatočné informácie predovšetkým o rôznych negatívnych vplyvoch fajčenia a užívania alkoholu na zdravie a život človeka, avšak neuvedomujú si dostatočne vlastný potenciál pri riešení zdravotných rizík. Výsledky naznačili niektoré osobitosti vzhľadom na vek a rod participantov. Limitácie výskumu. Množstvo a kvalita materiálu získaného od participantov môže byť ovplyvnená nedostatočnou skúsenosťou participantov s diskusnými metódami a aktivitami rozvíjajúcimi aktívny prístup žiakov. Veľkosť diskusných skupín.
Objectives. The main objective of this study was to explore the views and beliefs of school-aged children on smoking and drinking of alcohol, using a qualitative approach and data of the cross-sectional HBSC (Health behaviour in school-aged children) 2013/2014 study. The aim was also to compare the variability of identified views and beliefs in terms of gender and age. Sample and settings. The sample comprised 75 participants from four Slovak elementary schools. The characteristics of the present sample were similar to those of the target population of HBSC study (11-, 13- and 15-years-old children). The research design was based on a qualitative approach using elicitation in a form of prepared worksheets and initial open questions. The data were collected using worksheets and observer’s records. Research questions. What are the views and beliefs of school-aged children about the HBSC findings regarding smoking and drinking and what are their recommendations regarding these issues. Data analysis. A qualitative controlled content analysis was carried out. Results. Participants have sufficient information particularly about the various negative impacts of smoking and alcohol use on health and life in general. However, they do not realize their own potential in addressing health risks. The results indicated some specifics in terms of the gender and age. Study limitation. The quantity and quality of the material gained from participants might be affected by their lack of experience with discussion methods and activities aimed at the development of active engagement. Focus groups size.
- MeSH
- chování dětí psychologie MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- genderová identita MeSH
- kouření MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- návykové chování MeSH
- pití alkoholu MeSH
- postoj ke zdraví * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- studenti psychologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zdravotně rizikové chování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
Ciele výskumu. Štúdia sa zaoberá konceptom zdravotnej gramotnosti adolescentov. Hlavným cieľom tejto štúdie je overiť štruktúru zdravotnej gramotnosti adolescentov. Cieľom je tiež prezentovať aktuálnu potrebu a potenciál rozvoja zdravotnej gramotnosti adolescentov v kontexte vzdelávacieho systému. Výskumná vzorka a metódy. Výskumnú vzorku tvorilo 290 participantov 4 základných škôl. Participanti boli v čase realizácie výskumu žiakmi 7. a 9. ročníka. Metódou zberu dát bol nástroj HLSAC s pridanými položkami schválený expertnou skupinou siete HBSC (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children). Hypotéza. Autori predpokladali, že testovaná štruktúra zdravotnej gramotnosti u adolescentov zodpovedá fínskemu teoretickému modelu v podobe 5 definovaných komponentov. Štatistická analýza. Konfirmačná faktorová analýza s explicitným modelovaním ordinálneho charakteru dát. Výsledky. Jednoznačná kolinearita predpokladaných dimenzií silno naznačovala nediferencovanosť zdravotnej gramotnosti v danej populácii. Sumárne skóre je tak možné považovať za vnútorne konzistentnú reprezentáciu daného konštruktu. Limitácie výskumu. Skupinový výber. Veľkosť vzorky nedovolila porovnanie latentných štruktúr z hľadiska veku a pohlavia.
Objectives. The current study dealt with the concept of health literacy in adolescents. The main aim of the study was to examine the structure of adolescents, health literacy. The aim was also to discuss the current need and potential for the development of adolescents, health literacy in educational setting. Sample and settings. The sample comprised 290 participants from four Slovak elementary schools. The participants were in the 7th and 9th grade. Adolescents, health literacy was measured using HLSAC with additional items approved by the HBSC expert group (Health Behaviour in School-aged Children). Hypothesis. The authors assumed that in the given population, health literacy falls along 5 theory-based distinct dimensions. Statistical analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis explicitly modeling the ordered categorical nature of the data was carried out. Results. As opposed to the hypothesized 5-factor structure, unequivocally collinear relationships between the proposed factors strongly suggested that health literacy is unitary in the given population. An overall sum score can thus be regarded an internally consistent proxy for the underlying construct. Study limitations. Cluster sampling. Sample size not allowing for the comparison of the latent structure across levels of age and gender.
Introduction: Health literacy (HL) is a key concept for interventions that aim at improving the health of individuals and populations, but it is also a way to improve the health care system, especially in the field of interaction between healthcare providers and patients. The aim of the study was to determine the level of health literacy among students of medical faculties. Methods: A cross-sectional study was realized at three faculties of medicine in the academic year 2015/2016. In the study there were 390 students of medicine (male 41.5%, Slovak students 50.1%) with an average age of 23 (SD = 3). We administered the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ) with items including school characteristics and health status. We tested associations between HL and sex, year of study, study and health status with Pearson χ2 test in statistical program SPSS 21.0 Results: The surveyed students more often had an optimal HL, with deficiencies in the appraisal of health information and the ability to actively cooperate with healthcare (HC) providers. Women more often had the deficiency of HL in cooperation with HC providers and navigation in the HC system. Students of the first to third grade of study had a more frequent deficiency of HL in information to manage health and understanding the health information (compared with higher year of study). Foreign students more often had an optimal level of HL in social support in health, cooperation with HC providers and in navigating the HC system. Health respondents more often had a deficiency of HL in understanding health information when compared to students who had a chronic disease/health complications. Conclusion: We found that students of medical faculties demonstrate a lack of HL, which is mainly related to the ability to cooperate with HC providers, to assess and understand health information, but also to navigate the HC system. On the basis of our findings, we will be able to develop an appropriate intervention to improve HL in a targeted group of medical faculty students.
- Klíčová slova
- Health Literacy Questionnaire,
- MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- studenti lékařství MeSH
- zdravotní gramotnost MeSH
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the test-retest reliability of selected items based on self-reports, measuring problem behaviour in the Slovak and Czech version of the HBSC survey questionnaire. METHODS: The data from test-retest study, based on an international Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study and consistent with its methodology, were analysed. A sample of 580 primary school pupils (51.2% of boys), grades five and nine participated in a test and retest with a four-week interval. Six items concerning problem behaviour were evaluated overall and stratified by gender and age. RESULTS: Analyses of test-retest reliability indicated modest (0.30 to 0.49), moderate (0.50 to 0.69), or high (0.70 to 1.00) reliability across nearly all questions, with some reliability differences in analyses by gender and age. In general, findings of present study suggest the moderate reliability of measures of smoking, drunkenness, fighting and negative relationship to school, modest reliability of measures of bullying behaviour, and low reliability of measure of truancy. CONCLUSIONS: The overall findings of this study suggest that most of selected indicators in the HBSC survey questionnaire have satisfactory test-retest reliability. Further test-retest studies in a large and diverse sample, as well as validity studies, should be considered for the future HBSC study.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- problémové chování * MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky * MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- zpráva o sobě * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Introduction: Health literacy (HL) is a key concept for interventions that aim at improving the health of individuals and populations, but it is also a way to improve the health care system, especially in the field of interaction between healthcare providers and patients. The aim of the study was to determine the level of health literacy among students of medical faculties. Methods: A cross-sectional study was realized at three faculties of medicine in the academic year 2015/2016. In the study there were 390 students of medicine (male 41.5%, Slovak students 50.1%) with an average age of 23 (SD = 3). We administered the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ) with items including school characteristics and health status. We tested associations between HL and sex, year of study, study and health status with Pearson χ2 test in statistical program SPSS 21.0 Results: The surveyed students more often had an optimal HL, with deficiencies in the appraisal of health information and the ability to actively cooperate with healthcare (HC) providers. Women more often had the deficiency of HL in cooperation with HC providers and navigation in the HC system. Students of the first to third grade of study had a more frequent deficiency of HL in information to manage health and understanding the health information (compared with higher year of study). Foreign students more often had an optimal level of HL in social support in health, cooperation with HC providers and in navigating the HC system. Health respondents more often had a deficiency of HL in understanding health information when compared to students who had a chronic disease/health complications. Conclusion: We found that students of medical faculties demonstrate a lack of HL, which is mainly related to the ability to cooperate with HC providers, to assess and understand health information, but also to navigate the HC system. On the basis of our findings, we will be able to develop an appropriate intervention to improve HL in a targeted group of medical faculty students.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyse differences in health, eating habits and social support in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in comparison to peers with another long-term illness or without any medical condition. METHODS: We used self-reported data from the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study collected in 2014 among Slovak adolescents as well as data from adolescents with T1DM collected in outpatient settings (11 to 15 years old, N=8,910, 50.3% of boys). Logistic regression models and general linear models were used to analyse differences between adolescents with T1DM and their peers with and without long-term illness in self-rated health, life satisfaction, health complaints, regular breakfast, sweets and soft drink consumption, and perceived support from family, teachers and classmates. RESULTS: Adolescents with T1DM reported worse self-rated health and suffer from more health complaints, but they have lower chance of having breakfast irregularly in comparison to their peers with another long-term illness or without any medical condition. Moreover, compared with their peers, adolescents with T1DM perceived stronger support from teachers and classmates, but weaker support from their family. We did not confirm any differences in life satisfaction, sweets and soft drink consumption between adolescents with T1DM and their peers. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with T1DM reported more regular eating habits, no difference in life satisfaction and more social support outside the family in comparison to their peers. However, their worse self-rated health, more health complaints and weaker support from family should be considered in interventions targeting psychosocial adjustment of adolescents with T1DM.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých psychologie MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu psychologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rodina psychologie MeSH
- sociální opora * MeSH
- stravovací zvyklosti psychologie MeSH
- vyrovnaná skupina * MeSH
- zdravotní stav MeSH
- zpráva o sobě MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Alcohol use is a relatively common behaviour, particularly among adolescents, and has become a major public health concern. This study explores the associations between family composition, the quality of adolescents' communication with parents and adolescents' recent frequent alcohol drinking and lifetime drunkenness. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Slovak part of the 2005-2006 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. The sample consisted of 3,882 students (46.3% males; mean age 13.3; ± 1.6). Data on drinking alcohol in the past week, lifetime drunkenness, communication and family composition were collected via anonymous questionnaires stratified for ages 11, 13 and 15 years and following the methodology of the HBSC study. RESULTS: The results showed that living in an incomplete family increased the risk of frequent drinking and drunkenness among adolescents as well as a low quality of communication between mothers and their children. Risks were higher for drunkenness than for frequent alcohol use and strongly increased by age, with the communication with parents worsening at increasing age. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show the importance of the quality of communication between parents and adolescents in preventing the hazardous alcohol use among adolescents. Preventive interventions to reduce adolescents' use of alcohol should therefore also target the quality of communication in the family.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých * MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- komunikace * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- neúplná rodina * MeSH
- otrava alkoholem epidemiologie MeSH
- pití alkoholu epidemiologie MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- rodičovství MeSH
- vztahy mezi matkou a dítětem * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Physical activity significantly contributes to overall health and the level of activity during adolescence has been associated with physical activity in adulthood. The aim of this paper was to analyse motives for young people undertaking leisure time physical activity in the Czech and Slovak Republics. METHODS: Eleven to fifteen year old schoolchildren (N=9,014; mean age=13.59) participating in the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2009/2010 study in the Czech and Slovak Republics completed 12 items measuring physical activity motivations. To analyse the factor structure of motives for physical activity, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with varimax rotation. RESULTS: Contrary to previous research that reported three main motives for physical activity (health, social, achievement), our study suggests four motives. The additional motive is a combination of internal and external motivations and was called the "Good Child Motive". CONCLUSIONS: Better understanding of motives behind physical activity or inactivity of young people could significantly contribute to evidence based planning and development of national strategies for public health and active living.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- motivace * MeSH
- pohybová aktivita * MeSH
- psychologie adolescentů * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
AIM: Physical and screen-based activity in adolescents plays a crucial role in future health outcomes. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the associations of physical activity and screen-based activity with behavioural and psychosocial characteristics of school-aged children. METHODS: Data on 11, 13 and 15 years old elementary school pupils (N=9,014; mean age=13.59) who participated in the cross-sectional Health Behaviour in School-aged Children 2009/2010 study in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were analyzed. The associations of vigorous physical activity and screen-based activity with substance use, violent behaviour, eating habits and school-related outcomes adjusted for age were explored using logistic regression. RESULTS: Vigorous physical activity was positively associated with some of the health-related behaviours (smoking, breakfast consumption, vegetable and fruit consumption) and school related outcomes (perceived school achievement and school pressure), with gender and country based differences. Screen-based activity was significantly associated with all examined health-related behaviours and school related outcomes with only some country and gender based differences. CONCLUSIONS: Vigorous physical activity is positively associated with healthy development of adolescents. Screen-based behaviour shows an inverse relationship with adolescents' healthy development, especially in the group of 11 and 13 years old children. Supporting physical activity conducive environments might lead to a reduction in screen-based behaviour in adolescents and should be highlighted in health-promoting strategies.
- MeSH
- chování mladistvých * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- počítače využití MeSH
- pohybová aktivita * MeSH
- průřezové studie MeSH
- sedavý životní styl * MeSH
- sociální opora MeSH
- televize využití MeSH
- úspěšnost MeSH
- vývoj mladistvých * MeSH
- zdravé chování * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
