INTRODUCTION: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is a well-recognized cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) due to the tubulointerstitial inflammation. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical features, outcomes, and responses to corticosteroid treatment in patients with ATIN. METHODS: Patients with biopsy-proven ATIN, who were diagnosed between 1994 and 2016 at the Department of Nephrology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine, and General University Hospital in Prague, were included in the study. Patient demographics, the aetiological and clinical features, the treatment given, and the outcome at 1 year of follow-up were extracted from patient records. RESULTS: A total of 103 ATIN patients were analysed, of which 68 had been treated with corticosteroids. There was no significant difference in the median serum creatinine 280 (169-569) μmol/L in the conservatively managed group versus 374 (249-558) μmol/L in the corticosteroid-treated group, p = 0.18, and dependence on dialysis treatment at baseline at the time of biopsy (10.3 vs. 8.6%). During the 1 year of follow-up, those ATIN patients who had been treated with corticosteroids did better and showed greater improvement in kidney function, determined as serum creatinine difference from baseline and from 1 month over 1-year period (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This single-centre retrospective cohort study supports the beneficial role of the administration of corticosteroid therapy in the management of ATIN.

• MeSH
• dialýza ledvin * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• hormony kůry nadledvin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• intersticiální nefritida * farmakoterapie   diagnóza   MeSH
• kreatinin MeSH
• ledviny patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Diverzita odpovědi krevního tlaku na renální denervaci a velká variabilita mezi studiemi podtrhují význam potřeby identifikace prediktorů účinnosti renální denervace. Předchozí studie identifikovaly řadu prediktorů pro tří- až šestiměsíční období. Cílem této studie bylo zjistit možné prediktory trvalého poklesu krevního tlaku (TK) po renální denervaci v dlouhodobém horizontu dvou let. Hodnocení pacienti byli buď randomizováni ve studii PRAGUE-15, nebo se zúčastnili pilotní fáze projektu a splňovali stejná vstupní kritéria skutečně rezistentní hypertenze. Za účinnou odpověď byl považován pokles 24h systolického TK o ≥ 10 mm Hg během 6, 12 a 24 měsíců po výkonu. Navíc byly analyzovány i jednotlivé návstěvy. Denervace byla provedena za použití unipolárního systému pro renální denervaci Symplicity. Dále byla provedena detailní analýza CT angiografie renálních tepen včetně hodnocení morfologie renálních tepen. Celkem bylo analyzováno 48 pacientů, z toho pro účely dlouhodobé predikce bylo vhodných 27 z nich. Pět z 27 pacientů bylo označeno jako dlouhodobí respondéři s průměrným poklesem 24h TK o 20/9 mm Hg. Nejvýznamnějšími prediktory poklesu TK byly vyšší úvodní 24h systolický TK (p = 0,01) a větší průměr levé renální tepny (p = 0,04). Přetrvávající pokles TK byl zaznamenán jen u menšiny pacientů po renální denervaci. Jako nejlepší prediktory pro přetrvávající pokles TK jsme identifikovali vyšší úvodní TK a větší průměr renální tepny. Právě průměr renální tepny by mohl usnadnit provedení ablace v periferii a naše výsledky mohou teoreticky podporovat aktuální hypotézu o potřebě ablovat distální části renální arterie.

Diversity of blood pressure response and great variability within studies emphasise the need to identify predictors of renal denervation efficacy. Previous studies identified various predictors within periods of 3-6 months. The goal of the current study is to examine the possible predictors of sustained decline of blood pressure (BP) after renal denervation in a long-term period of 2 years. Evaluated patients were either randomised in the original PRAGUE-15 study or were pilot patients, meeting the same inclusion criteria of true-resistant hypertension. Patients were considered as responsive when the decline of 24h systolic BP ≥ 10 mmHg was present 6, 12 and 24 months after the procedure. In addition, analysis for separate visits was performed. Denervation was performed using the unipolar Symplicity Renal Denervation System. Extensive assessment of computed tomography angiography by numerous measurements including morphology of the renal arteries was performed. A total of 48 patients were analysed, with 27 patients suitable for long-term prediction. Five of the 27 patients were identified as long-term responders with average 24h BP decline of 20/9 mmHg. Strongest predictors of BP decline were higher baseline 24h systolic blood pressure (p = 0.01) and higher diameter of the left renal artery (p = 0.04). Only a minority of denervated patients exhibited sustained BP decline. Higher baseline BP and higher renal artery diameter might be the strongest predictors. Our findings might theoretically support the actual hypothesis of the necessity to ablate the distal parts of the renal artery (these conditions might allow such ablation to be performed).

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Background: Pheochromocytomas (PHEO) are tumors arising from chromaffin cells from the adrenal medulla, having the ability to produce, metabolize and secrete catecholamines. The overproduction of catecholamines leads by many mechanisms to the impairment in the left ventricle (LV) function, however, endocardial measurement of systolic function did not find any differences between patients with PHEO and essential hypertension (EH). The aim of the study was to investigate whether global longitudinal strain (GLS) derived from speckle-tracking echocardiography can detect catecholamine-induced subclinical impairments in systolic function. Methods: We analyzed 17 patients (10 females and seven males) with PHEO and 18 patients (nine females and nine males) with EH. The groups did not differ in age or in 24-h blood pressure values. Results: The patients with PHEO did not differ in echocardiographic parameters including LV ejection fraction compared to the EH patients (0.69 ± 0.04 vs. 0.71 ± 0.05; NS), nevertheless, in spackle-tracking analysis, the patients with PHEO displayed significantly lower GLS than the EH patients (-14.8 ± 1.5 vs. -17.8 ± 1.7; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with PHEO have a lower magnitude of GLS than the patients with EH, suggesting that catecholamines induce a subclinical decline in LV systolic function.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVES: The randomized, multicentre study compared the efficacy of renal denervation (RDN) versus spironolactone addition in patients with true resistant hypertension. We present the 24-month data. METHODS: A total of 106 patients with true resistant hypertension were enrolled in this study: 52 patients were randomized to RDN and 54 patients to the spironolactone addition, with baseline SBP of 159 ± 17 and 155 ± 17 mmHg and average number of drugs 5.1 and 5.4, respectively. Two-year data are available in 86 patients. Spironolactone addition, as crossover after 1 year, was performed in 23 patients after RDN, and spironolactone addition followed by RDN was performed in five patients. RESULTS: Similar and comparable reduction of 24-h SBP after RDN or spironolactone addition after randomization was observed, 9.1 mmHg (P = 0.001) and 10.9 mmHg (P = 0.001), respectively. Similar decrease of office blood pressure (BP) was observed, 17.7 mmHg (P < 0.001) versus 14.1 mmHg (P < 0.001), whereas the number of antihypertensive drugs did not differ significantly between groups. Crossover analysis showed nonsignificantly better efficacy of spironolactone addition in 24-h SBP and office SBP reduction than RDN (3.7 mmHg, P = 0.27 and 4.6 mmHg, P = 0.28 in favour of spironolactone addition, respectively). Meanwhile, the number of antihypertensive drugs was significantly increased after spironolactone addition (+0.7, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: In the settings of true resistant hypertension, spironolactone addition (if tolerated) seems to be of better efficacy than RDN in BP reduction over a period of 24 months. However, by contrast to the 12-month results, BP changes were not significantly greater.

• MeSH
• ambulantní monitorování krevního tlaku MeSH
• antagonisté mineralokortikoidních receptorů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antihypertenziva terapeutické užití   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hypertenze terapie   MeSH
• klinické křížové studie MeSH
• kombinovaná farmakoterapie MeSH
• koronární vazospasmus terapie   MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• ledviny inervace   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• spironolakton terapeutické užití   MeSH
• sympatektomie * MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH