The occurrence of positive synergy between antibiotic discs of amoxicillin/clavulanate and cefoperazone was registered in two Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, isolated from hospitals in Czech and Slovak Republic, indicating the presence of genes coding for an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase active also against cefoperazone, a broad-spectrum cephalosporin. Sulbactam inhibited the hydrolysis of cefoperazone by cell-free lysates of these strains which substantiates its use in combination with cefoperazone. Resistance to cephalothin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefepime and aztreonam was transferred from K. pneumoniae isolates to Escherichia coli K-12 3110 and to Proteus mirabilis P-38 recipient strains.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- cefalosporiny farmakologie MeSH
- cefoperazon farmakologie MeSH
- Escherichia coli účinky léků genetika MeSH
- hydrolýza MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Klebsiella farmakoterapie MeSH
- infekce spojené se zdravotní péčí farmakoterapie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae účinky léků genetika patogenita MeSH
- kombinace amoxicilinu a kyseliny klavulanové farmakologie MeSH
- lékové interakce MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetná léková rezistence * MeSH
- Proteus mirabilis účinky léků genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Viac ako 50 rokov „antibiotickej éry“ prinieslo do klinického užívania celý rad antibiotík, špecifických i širokospektrálnych. Ich nadmerné užívanie však prinieslo a prináša vážne problémy - rezistenciu mnohých dôležitých baktérií, a tým aj postupnú stratu účinnosti týchto veľmi vzácnych substancií. Významnú, avšak negatívnu úlohu v tomto procese hrá transferabilita génov rezistence medzi baktériami, pričom bakteriálne kmene môžu prijímať celé bloky génov multirezistencie v treťom tisícročí musí byť racionalizácia užívania antibiotík, obmedzenie užívania niektorých zvlášť dôležitých preparátov a ďalšie opatrenia, vrátane dôsledného uplatňovania zásad nemocničnej hygieny a dodržiavania prísnych protiepidemických opatrení.
More then 50 years of antibiotic era has brought to clinical use many antibiotics with, specific and also with broad spectrum activity. Excessive use of antibiotics brought and brings serious problems - the resistance of many important bacteria and so the loss of effectivity of these scarce substances. Significant negative role in this process has the transferability of the resistance genes between bacteria. Bacterial strains are able to accept block of genes for multiresistance, exchange them inter species and spread to susceptible ones. There is an important task for the 3rd millenium to reduce the prevalence of the antibiotic resistance. Changes of the empiric treatment regiments (reduction in antibiotic use, antibiotic rotation, infection control, monitoring of resistance) and the strict hospital hygiene could help to solve the problems of antibiotic resistance in the future.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- extrachromozomální dědičnost MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetná léková rezistence MeSH
- plazmidy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
In this report we describe a specific transfer of carbenicillin and cephaloridine resistance determinants from two different strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia: No. 215 and 221 isolated from two critically ill patients treated in different Intensive Care Units of a large University Hospital in Ostrava, Czech Republic. These strains were resistant to flouroquinolones and the following beta-lactam drugs: carbenicillin, cephaloridine, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefepime, imipenem, meropenem and aztreonam. Both strains transferred carbenicillin and cephaloridine resistance determinants, with rather different frequency, to Proteus mirabilis P-38. All carbenicillin-selected transconjugants were found by an indirect selection method to be co-resistant to cephaloridine only. In a second cycle of transfers Proteus mirabilis R+ strains directly transferred carbenicillin and cephalothin determinants to Escherichia coli K-12 No. 185 nal+ lac+ recipient strain.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- antiinfekční látky farmakologie MeSH
- beta-laktamasy analýza metabolismus MeSH
- beta-laktamová rezistence * MeSH
- cefaloridin farmakologie MeSH
- fluorochinolony MeSH
- jednotky intenzivní péče MeSH
- karbenicilin farmakologie MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetná léková rezistence * MeSH
- Proteus mirabilis účinky léků genetika MeSH
- Xanthomonas účinky léků genetika MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Six Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were collected from two hospitals in Ostrava, Czech republic. Four strains (Nos. 209, 217, 218, 222) were isolated from sputa of critically ill patients from Municipal Hospital Vítkovice-Ostrava. They were resistant to cephalothin, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime (MIC > 100 mg x l-1). Strain No. 218 was intermediately resistant also to ofloxacin and aztreonam (MIC = 12.5 mg x l-1), strain No. 222 was resistant to aztreonam (MIC = 50 mg x l-1). Determinants of resistance to cephalothin, cefotaxime, aztreonam and ceftazidime were transferred to recipient strains of P. mirabilis P-38 rif+ and E. coli K-12 No. 3110 rif+ by all four strains. Synergy between clavulanate-cefotaxime, clavulanate-ceftazidime and clavulanate-aztreonam indicated production of ESBLs by these strains. Two strains, No. 214 and 224, from patients of the ICU in the University Hospital were resistant to cephalothin, cefotaxime and ceftazidime (MIC > 100 mg x l-1). Strain No. 214 was intermediately resistant to aztreonam and ofloxacin (MIC = 12.5 mg x l-1) and strain No. 224 was highly resistant to aztreonam (MIC = 50 mg x l-1). Synergy between clavulanate and cefotaxime as well as between clavulanate and aztreonam, but not between clavulanate and ceftazidime corresponds with non-transferable ceftazidime resistance in strains No. 214 and 224 and indicates different types of ESBL in strains from each of two hospitals.
- MeSH
- aztreonam farmakologie MeSH
- beta-laktamasy metabolismus MeSH
- beta-laktamová rezistence MeSH
- cefalothin farmakologie MeSH
- cefotaxim farmakologie MeSH
- ceftazidim farmakologie MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Klebsiella mikrobiologie MeSH
- Klebsiella pneumoniae účinky léků izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemocnice MeSH
- ofloxacin farmakologie MeSH
- rezistence k cefalosporinům MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- chování dětí MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- koronární nemoc psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- psychologické testy MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
- mikrobiologie vody * MeSH
- odpad tekutý - odstraňování * MeSH
- odpadní vody * MeSH
- R-plasmidy * MeSH
- Salmonella účinky léků genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
