In the last 10 years, the Czech Republic has been struggling with a strong social policy, influenced by the active social policy of post-communist countries. See the article PROGRESSION OF SUPPORT FOR COMPANIES EMPLOYING PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES, already published in IJMAS vol.8, issue 8. The implementation of people with disabilities on the labour market and in Czech companies is very important if we look at the fact that there is still a lack of workers to fully cover vacancies and a large mass of people who are partially able to work and their potential can only be used. The aim of this survey is to complement previous surveys and to be part of a large research on the issue of disability in the Czech Republic. An in-depth survey was used with the help of in-depth interviews with managers of diversity teams, corporate management and by the employees themselves in the corporations using a questionnaire survey. The sample consisted of 101 workers and 15 team leaders in 8 companies. The result is not a universal implementation methodology for a team leader to integrate a new/existing worker with a health disadvantage into the work team and measure his effectiveness in the team. The question remains how the implementation methodology can be applied outside the work environment, namely to teams of leisure activities of people with disabilities.
Social medias is all around us, talking to us every step of the way, pulling us into the center of the action. We see the power of social media every day on popular websites. They control the masses of people, change attitudes to life, globalize and internationalize the entire planet. What is the place of a person with disabilities in this huge global group? Is it possible to use social media to connect people with disabilities to the world and bring them closer to other groups of people in society? Can a company reach and effectively integrate people with disabilities through social networks? The questions this research asks. Eurostat results from 2021 show that the Czech Republic is among the above-average countries with more than 62% of people aged 16-74 who have social networks. (EUROSTAT, 2021). The company can thus use this communication space effectively. The primary data was collected based on research conducted through in-depth interviews that addressed 12 respondents from 4 corporations, 2 focused on the provision of security services, and 2 private healthcare facilities. In-depth interviews were semi-structured and evaluated using descriptive statistics. Secondary data were used for a literature review on disability processing and social networks, see. List of sources. J The data has been processed in accordance with the ESOMAR Code of Conduct 2016. The survey will be part of further research after the application of the findings to verify the implementation policy. The survey was descriptive and conceptual with demoscopic elements. The research question was as follows: Is social media an appropriate tool for communicating with a new or existing team member with a disability? Based on this research question, a null hypothesis was established, people with disabilities prefer to communicate through social media because they are closer to them than through other communication media. Alternatively, people with disabilities do not prefer to communicate through social media because they are more familiar with other means of communication. The results were complemented by a questionnaire survey with 303 people with disabilities integrated into work and leisure time teams, eg. A team in the service industry working as security officers, a leisure group of readers of the working team of a medical facility, etc. The SPSS program was used for processing, where ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed. The results of the survey show a strong influence on social media on all team members with health impairments and are an effective implementation tool for communication.
BACKGROUND & AIM: There is abundant evidence to support the beneficial role of nutrition in the prevention, management and treatment of many health conditions including non-communicable diseases and malnutrition. Despite the increasing prevalence of these conditions around the world, research over the past decades has identified that many medical schools lack adequate nutrition education and training for medical students. With the Czech Republic not represented in these findings, this qualitative study aimed to assess and describe the perceptions of nutrition education at a Czech medical school. METHODS: Thirty-six participants, including students in all grades (n = 30) and faculty members from different disciplines (n = 6), completed individual, semi-structured interviews. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Inductive coding and thematic analysis were used to analyze data and identify key themes. RESULTS: Participants emphasized the important and wide-ranging role of nutrition, describing it as significant and essential for both prevention and treatment of many medical conditions. The first main theme, 'Nutrition in Medical Care and Health' identified support for the important role that nutrition plays in medical care and health. Participants acknowledged that doctors have an important role to promote good nutrition and thus require sufficient education in medical school to offer general nutrition information to patients. In the second theme, 'Nutrition Education in the Current Curriculum' some participants acknowledged that while the medical school offers a good theoretical education about nutrition, and training for specific populations such as pediatrics and oncology, overall, the current education about nutrition was 'inadequate,' not emphasized like other subjects and lacked practical application in clinical practice. The third main theme 'Opportunities for Nutrition Education in Medical School' identified the students' interest in learning more about nutrition to improve their knowledge in preparation for future practice and to promote healthy eating during medical school. In addition to identifying specific topics of interest, the participants shared preferred methods of learning nutrition information. CONCLUSIONS: The participants in this study recognized the importance of nutrition in medical care and perceived that nutrition education is not emphasized consistently in medical school. Students desired additional nutrition education to include current topics, promote self-care, and improve the emphasis in clinical training.
- MeSH
- akademický sbor MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kurikulum MeSH
- kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- školy lékařské * MeSH
- studenti lékařství * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Měření nutriční gramotnosti by mělo být důležitým nástrojem nejen pro zlepšení nutriční gramotnosti a výživového chování na populační úrovni, ale také by mělo sloužit jako nástroj pro identifikaci jednotlivců s omezenou nutriční gramotností s poten- ciálem definovat personalizované intervence. Nástroj na hodnocení nutriční gramotnosti navíc může umožnit standardizaci vědeckých výstupů intervenčních programů populačního výživového chování. V České republice však aktuálně takový nástroj neexistuje. Tato práce shrnuje dosud existující nástroje na hodnocení nutriční nebo potravinové gramotnosti ze zahraničí a představuje záměr vytvořit vhodný nástroj použitelný v podmínkách České republiky.
Measuring nutrition literacy should be an important tool to improve nutrition literacy and subsequently dietary behaviour at the population level, but also to identify individuals with limited nutrition literacy with the potential to define personalised interventions. In addition, a nutrition literacy assessment tool may allow standardisation of scientific outcomes of population-based nutritional behaviour intervention programmes. However, no such tool currently exists in the Czech Republic. This paper sum- marizes the existing tools for assessing nutrition or food literacy from abroad and introduces the intention to develop a suitable tool applicable to the Czech Republic.
Populace stárne a požadavky na léčebnou péči v této skupině nemocných se trvale zvyšují. Pacienti jsou navíc často polymorbidní a křehcí. Přenesení vyšetřovacích procedur přímo k lůžku může významně zlepšit jejich komfort. Ultrazvukové vyšetření u lůžka (POCUS, Point of Care Ultrasound) je typickým příkladem jednoduchého, neinvazivního, a hlavně významně přínosného vyšetření. Autoři prezentují základní informace o metodě POCUS, seznamují čtenáře s možnostmi praktického využití v geriatrii. Poukazují současně na možnosti vyšetření při hodnocení hydratace. Součástí sdělení je rovněž krátká informace o prvních zkušenostech s metodou u pacientů akutně přijatých na Interní kliniku Fakultní nemocnice Ostrava v roce 2020.
The population is aging, and therefore the need for health care in this group of patients is constantly increasing. Moreover, these patients are often polymorbid and frail. Medical procedures, performed directly by the bed, can significantly improve their comfort. Bed side ultrasound examination (POCUS, Point of Care Ultrasound) is a typical example of simple, non-invasive and potent method. Authors present basic information about the POCUS and inform readers about its practical possibilities of use in geriatrics, including the area of dehydration. First experiences with POCUS in patients acutely admitted to the Internal Medicine Clinic of the University Hospital Ostrava in 2020 are presented too.
- Klíčová slova
- POCUS,
- MeSH
- dehydratace diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ultrasonografie * metody MeSH
- vyšetření u lůžka * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
Background: Food and nutrition play an essential role in human health. Evidence-based research supports the important role of dietitians providing medical nutrition therapy for the prevention, management and treatment of many diseases and conditions. Officially recognized in 1951, dietitians (formerly dietary nurses) have an important history in the Czech Republic. Aim: This narrative review aims to examine the history of nutrition care in the Czech Republic and identify future opportunities for the development and contributions of dietitians. We include information about education, relevant legislation, licensure, scope of practice, the current workforce, and existing professional organizations. The article provides an assessment of the opportunities for the future development and professionalization of dietitians. Methodology: We used licensed, electronic databases PUBMED, CINAHL, EBSCO, MEDVIK to search the professional literature as well as hand searching publications in both the Czech and English languages including current legislation and statistical information. Results: Formal dietetics training has progressed from the preparation of therapeutic meals to university level programs offering science-based training with supervised clinical practice to prepare bachelor’s and master’s level dietitians. As a nationally recognized profession there are three professional associations supporting more than 2,500 dietitians in the Czech Republic. Despite these developments, the advancement of the profession remains inadequate due to a limited scope of practice, wide variation in education amongst dietitians, no requirements for licensure and underutilized competencies. Conclusion: Despite the long history and development of this profession, dietitians in the Czech Republic remain an underutilized resource to provide a wide variety of nutrition services. Thus, in an effort to expand their scope of practice and improve nutrition care, further research is needed within the Czech Republic to demonstrate their essential role in the prevention, treatment and management of many diseases.
Background: Food and nutrition play an essential role in human health. Evidence-based research supports the important role of dietitians providing medical nutrition therapy for the prevention, management and treatment of many diseases and conditions. Officially recognized in 1951, dietitians (formerly dietary nurses) have an important history in the Czech Republic. Aim: This narrative review aims to examine the history of nutrition care in the Czech Republic and identify future opportunities for the development and contributions of dietitians. We include information about education, relevant legislation, licensure, scope of practice, the current workforce, and existing professional organizations. The article provides an assessment of the opportunities for the future development and professionalization of dietitians. Methodology: We used licensed, electronic databases PUBMED, CINAHL, EBSCO, MEDVIK to search the professional literature as well as hand searching publications in both the Czech and English languages including current legislation and statistical information. Results: Formal dietetics training has progressed from the preparation of therapeutic meals to university level programs offering science-based training with supervised clinical practice to prepare bachelor’s and master’s level dietitians. As a nationally recognized profession there are three professional associations supporting more than 2,500 dietitians in the Czech Republic. Despite these developments, the advancement of the profession remains inadequate due to a limited scope of practice, wide variation in education amongst dietitians, no requirements for licensure and underutilized competencies. Conclusion: Despite the long history and development of this profession, dietitians in the Czech Republic remain an underutilized resource to provide a wide variety of nutrition services. Thus, in an effort to expand their scope of practice and improve nutrition care, further research is needed within the Czech Republic to demonstrate their essential role in the prevention, treatment and management of many diseases.
Základním terapeutickým nástrojem v případě potravinových alergií je eliminační dieta. Vyloučení některých skupin potravin však může pro pacienta znamenat vysoké nutriční riziko s ohledem na snížení přívodu některých živin, zejména mikronutrientů. Tomuto riziku lze předejít spoluprací s nutričním terapeutem. Ten se může podílet na diagnostice, sběru antropometrických dat a zejména na edukaci pacienta v oblastech sestavení bezpečné a plnohodnotné diety, rizikových potravin či čtení potravinových obalů. Zároveň může pomocí nutričního softwaru zhodnotit přívod mikronutrientů a případně doporučit suplementaci. Spolupráce alergologa a nutričního terapeuta však v českém prostředí není běžná. Proto Česká asociace nutričních terapeutů a Pracovní skupina potravinové alergie připravuje standard, který by měl zajistit všem pacientům s potravinovou alergií adekvátní nutriční péči.
The essential means of food allergy therapy is the elimination diet. However, the exclusion of some food groups could pose a nutrition risk to the patient, mainly in terms of a limited intake of micronutrients. This can be prevented by cooperating with a dietitian. The dietitian can take part in diagnosis, anthropometrical data collection and mainly in the education of the patient in terms of safe and nutritionally adequate diet, risky foods, or food labelling. The dietitian can also use a nutrition software to assess the intake of micronutrients. However, the liaison of allergists and dietitians is not frequent in the Czech Republic. For this reason, the Czech Association of Dietitians, together with the Food Allergy Workgroup, is currently working on a guideline in an effort to guarantee an adequate nutrition care for all the food allergy patients.
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezioborová komunikace MeSH
- nutriční poradci normy organizace a řízení trendy MeSH
- potravinová alergie dietoterapie terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
V červnu roku 2018 byl na Kliniku hematoonkologie LF OU a FN Ostrava referován 77letý muž pro suspektní mnohočetný myelom. Podezření bylo vysloveno na základě laboratorního nálezu hyperkalcemie, paraproteinu IgA κ v séru a přítomnosti mnohočetných osteolytických ložisek skeletu. Cytologicky (3,6 %) i imunofenotypizačně (méně než 95 % klonálních plazmocytů z celkového počtu plazmocytů) nízké zastoupení plazmocytů v kostní dřeni odpovídalo spíše postižení monoklonální gamapatií nejasného významu (MGUS). V rámci pokračování v diferenciální diagnostice hyperkalcemie byla pro nález zvýšené hladiny parathormonu indikována 99mTc‑MIBI scintigrafie, díky které byl následně objektivizován a později při operaci i histologicky verifikován adenom příštítného tělíska. Diagnóza byla uzavřena jako MGUS a současný výskyt primární hyperparatyreózy. Tato kazuistika obsahuje i stručnou diferenciální diagnostiku hyperkalcemie a osteolytického postižení skeletu a návrhy algoritmů při jejich došetření.
In June 2018, 77‑year‑old man was referred to The Department of Haematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, for suspicion of multiple myeloma. This was supported by laboratory findings of hypercalcemia, paraprotein IgA κ in serum and by the presence of multiple osteolytic skeletal lesions. Low number of plasma cells in bone marrow sample ‑ cytologically (3.6 %) as well as in flow cytometry (less than 95 % clonal plasma cells out of total bone marrow plasma cells) ‑ pointed at the direction of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). In the course of differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia, elevated level of parathormone had been found which led to the performance of 99mTc‑MIBI scintigraphy where parathy‑roid adenoma was discovered and later histologically verified. The final diagnosis was determined as a coincidence of MGUS and primary hyperparathyroidism. This case report also contains brief differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia and osteolytic skeletal lesions and suggestions for their diagnostic algorithms.
- Klíčová slova
- osteolytická ložiska,
- MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- hyperkalcemie * diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- hyperparatyreóza diagnóza etiologie terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetný myelom diagnóza MeSH
- nádory příštítného tělíska * chirurgie diagnóza MeSH
- paratyreoidektomie metody MeSH
- radioisotopová scintigrafie metody MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- MeSH
- alergologie a imunologie dějiny MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- imunoterapie dějiny MeSH
- kožní testy dějiny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- potravinová alergie * dějiny MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- historické články MeSH
