Undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (UCOGC) of the pancreas represents a rare subtype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Despite a distinct morphology and specific clinical behavior, UCOGCs exhibit unexpected similarities in regard to DNA mutational profiles with conventional PDAC. Treating pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is particularly challenging, with limited prospects for cure. As with many other malignant neoplasms, the exploration of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in regulating the biological characteristics of pancreatic cancer is undergoing extensive investigation to enhance tumor diagnostics and unveil the therapeutic possibilities. Herein, we evaluated the expression of miR-21, -96, -148a, -155, -196a, -210, and -217 in UCOGCs and poorly differentiated (grade 3, G3) PDACs. The expression of miR-21, miR-155, and miR-210 in both UCOGCs and G3 PDACs was significantly upregulated compared to the levels in normal tissue, while the levels of miR-148a and miR-217 were downregulated. We did not find any significant differences between cancerous and normal tissues for the expression of miR-96 and miR-196a in G3 PDACs, whereas miR-196a was slightly, but significantly, downregulated in UCOGCs. On the other hand, we have not observed significant differences in the expression of the majority of miRNAs between UCOGC and G3 PDAC, with the exception of miR-155. UCOGC samples demonstrated lower mean levels of miR-155 in comparison with those in G3 PDACs.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PRCIS: Deep sclerectomy (DS) with fibrin adhesive can constitute a safe alternative to the classic procedure using sutures, providing nonallergenic, nontoxic, and secure adhesion with no sign of aqueous humor outflow obstruction postoperatively. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate short and medium-term postoperative results of DS with a fibrin sealant. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series involves 12 eyes of 12 patients with uncontrolled open angle glaucoma who underwent DS with Esnoper (Clip or V2000) implant between February 2021 and March 2022. A novel method of wound closure (sclera, Tenon fascia, and conjunctiva) employing fibrin glue was used instead of classic sutures. Surgical outcomes assessed include: intraocular pressure and glaucoma therapy reduction, best-corrected visual acuity changes, and number of complications registered peri and postoperatively. All measurements were performed preoperatively, as well as at 1 day, at 1 and 2 weeks, and at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure decreased from 24.0 ± 9.1 mm Hg to 13.8 ± 6.3 mm Hg at 1 year postoperatively ( P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed complete and qualified success rates of 83.3% and 91.7%. The mean glaucoma therapy decreased from 3.2 ± 1.1 to 0.8 ± 1.3 drugs 12 months after surgery ( P < 0.001). Nd:YAG goniopunture was performed in 2 eyes at 1 and 12 months postoperatively. No significant best-corrected visual acuity changes were registered. Perioperatively, we noted a trabeculo-descemet microperforation in 1 eye, transient hypotony in 5 eyes, and mild hyphema in 2 eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Fibrin adhesive provided an effective closure in sutureless DS in the patients included in our study. This modification of classical DS may simplify the surgical technique, ensure secure wound adaptation, optimize healing, and lower the risk of inflammation and fibrosis postoperatively.

• MeSH
• bezstehová chirurgie * metody   MeSH
• drenážní implantáty glaukomové MeSH
• fibrinová tkáňová adheziva * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• glaukom s otevřeným úhlem * chirurgie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• nitrooční tlak * fyziologie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• skléra * chirurgie   MeSH
• sklerostomie * metody   MeSH
• tkáňová adheziva * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• tonometrie oční MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zraková ostrost * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hidradenitis suppurativa * farmakoterapie   komplikace   MeSH
• infliximab terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory kůže farmakoterapie   MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• spinocelulární karcinom * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• TNF-alfa * antagonisté a inhibitory   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

Statistical data show that pain intensity in patients with low back pain is associated with a higher BMI, total serum cholesterol, and triacylglycerol levels. The objective of our study was to evaluate how these associations are dependent on the nature of the patient-doctor relationship. Eighty-nine patients hospitalized with chronic low-back pain (50 women, 39 men; average age: 64.5 ± 12.7 years) were assessed over a 3-year period. A serum lipid analysis was conducted (LDL-C, HDL-C, and total cholesterols) at admission in parallel with a subjective evaluation of pain intensity, which was assessed using a numeric rating scale. The participating physician assigned, based on their personal interaction with the patient, an attribute of affinity (positive, neutral, and negative) towards them. Current serum lipid levels and pain intensity were correlated relative to these attributes. Pain intensity did not differ between the groups assigned positive or negative attributes of affinity. In patients belonging to the "positive" group, pain intensity correlated positively with total cholesterol (p=0.01) and LDL cholesterol (p=0.007). No correlations were found in the "negative" group or when the patient-doctor relationship was ignored. We found a significant association between subjectively assessed low back pain intensity and serum levels of total and LDL cholesterol in patients with whom the physician had a positive affinity. A positive affinity with the patients having chronic pain and the patient's trust in their physicians may ultimately mean that the patient's statement about pain is more credible, which may retroactively affect the outcome of therapy.

• MeSH
• LDL-cholesterol MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy * MeSH
• lumbalgie * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• triglyceridy MeSH
• vztahy mezi lékařem a pacientem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma remains challenging, and the chances of a complete cure are very limited. As in other types of cancer, the expression and role of miRNAs in controlling the biological properties of this type of tumor have been extensively studied. A better insight into miRNA biology seems critical to refining diagnostics and improving their therapeutic potential. In this study, we focused on the expression of miR-21, -96, -196a, -210, and -217 in normal fibroblasts, cancer-associated fibroblasts prepared from a ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas, and pancreatic carcinoma cell lines. We compared these data with miRNAs in homogenates of paraffin-embedded sections from normal pancreatic tissues. In cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cell lines, miRNAs differed significantly from the normal tissue. In detail, miR-21 and -210 were significantly upregulated, while miR-217 was downregulated. Similar transcription profiles were earlier reported in cancer-associated fibroblasts exposed to hypoxia. However, the cells in our study were cultured under normoxic conditions. We also noted a relation to IL-6 production. In conclusion, cultured cancer-associated fibroblasts and carcinoma cells reflect miR-21 and -210 expression similarly to the cancer tissue samples harvested from the patients.

• MeSH
• duktální karcinom slinivky břišní * patologie   MeSH
• fibroblasty asociované s nádorem * metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikro RNA * genetika   MeSH
• nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
• nádory slinivky břišní * patologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese u nádorů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: Anxiety, fatigue and depression are common neurological manifestations after COVID-19. So far, post-COVID complications were treated by rehabilitation, oxygen therapy and immunotherapy. Effects of neurofeedback on post-COVID complications and their potential interrelatedness have not been studied yet. In this pilot study, we investigated the effectiveness of neurofeedback (Othmer method) for treatment of fatigue, anxiety, and depression after COVID-19. METHODS: 10 participants met inclusion criteria for having positive anamnesis of at least one of the following complications following COVID-19: fatigue, anxiety, and depression which were measured by questionnaires. ANOVA was used for calculating differences in questionnaire score before and after neurofeedback. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to calculate correlations between anxiety, depression and fatigue. RESULTS: After five neurofeedback sessions, there came to significant reduction of severity of post-COVID anxiety and depression persisting for at least one month. Effect of neurofeedback on fatigue was insignificant. Severity of anxiety, fatigue and depression as well as reductions in depression and fatigue were positively correlated with each other. CONCLUSION: These findings showed effectiveness neurofeedback for reducing anxiety and depression after COVID-19 and for studying correlations between neurological complications after COVID-19. However, since our pilot clinical trial was open-label, it is hard to differentiate between neurofeedback-specific and unspecific effects on our participants. Future randomized controlled trials with more robust sample are necessary to investigate feasibility of neurofeedback for post-COVID neurological complications. The study has identification number trial ID ISRCTN49037874 in ISRCTN register of clinical trials (Retrospectively registered).

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * komplikace   terapie   MeSH
• deprese etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurofeedback * metody   MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• únava etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• úzkost etiologie   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Phosphene is the experience of light without natural visual stimulation. It can be induced by electrical stimulation of the retina, optic nerve or cortex. Induction of phosphenes can be potentially used in assistive devices for the blind. Analysis of phosphene might be beneficial for practical reasons such as adjustment of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) frequency and intensity to eliminate phosphene perception (e.g., tACS studies using verum tACS group and sham group) or, on the contrary, to maximize perception of phosphenes in order to be more able to study their dynamics. In this study, subjective reports of 50 healthy subjects exposed to different intensities of retinal tACS at 4 different frequencies (6, 10, 20 and 40 Hz) were analyzed. The effectiveness of different tACS frequencies in inducing phosphenes was at least 92 %. Subject reported 41 different phosphene types; the most common were light flashes and light circles. Changing the intensity of stimulation often induced a change in phosphene attributes. Up to nine phosphene attributes changed when the tACS intensity was changed. Significant positive correlation was observed between number of a different phosphene types and tACS frequency. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that tACS is effective in eliciting phosphenes whose type and attributes change depending on the frequency and intensity of tACS. The presented results open new questions for future research.

• MeSH
• fosfeny MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• přímá transkraniální stimulace mozku * MeSH
• retina MeSH
• světelná stimulace metody   MeSH
• zrakové korové centrum * fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The study analyses a cohort of patients with surgically treated ankle fractures who developed complete distal tibiofibular synostoses. It focuses on their occurrence and association with the extent of tibiotalar dislocation of the ankle joint on the trauma X-ray and its relation to the choice of surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS The cohort of a total of 824 patients with type B and C fractures according to Weber classification was followed up for 9 years. The cohort consisted of 403 (48.9%) men and 421 (51.1%) women. The exclusion criteria included associated talus fractures, calcaneus fractures and fractures of the other bones of the foot. The studied data were obtained retrospectively from medical documentation and by evaluation of trauma X-rays and X-rays obtained during the postoperative checks. The ankle fractures were classified based on the Weber classification and the basic epidemiologic data (age and gender), type of fracture and extent of tibiotalar dislocation of ankle fractures on the trauma X-ray were evaluated. Posttraumatic ankle dislocation was divided into tibiotalar dislocation > 10 mm, tibiotalar dislocation < 10 mm and the group with regular ankle joint. When evaluating the treatment method, the cohort was divided into three groups: Group 1 with one-stage osteosynthesis, Group 2 with temporary K-wire transfixation or external fixation and subsequent secondary conversion to internal osteosynthesis, and Group 3 with definitive transfixation or external fixation of the ankle. The results were statistically evaluated using the Pearson s chi-square test, or the Fisher s exact test for low frequencies. A multivariant logistic regression model was created to identify statistically significant factors contributing to the development of synostosis. The results with the p-value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS In the whole cohort, the synostosis of distal tibiofibular joint was observed in a total of 131 (15.9%) patients. In men it was in 85 (21.1%) cases and in women in 46 (10.9%) cases, which was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). There was a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0020) between the mean age in the group of patients with synostosis (54.4 years) and the mean age in the group of patients without synostosis (49.1 years). Complete distal tibiofibular synostoses were found in 78 (12.7%) fractures classified as type B according to the Weber classification and in 53 (25.5%) type C fractures. When taking into account the gender, synostoses occurred more frequently in men in both types of fractures classified based on the Weber classification, only in type C fractures no statistical significance was established (p = 0.3026). Various size of posttraumatic tibiotalar dislocation was present in both types of fractures. The group with less severe type B ankle fractures showed a statistically significant dominance of synostosis development in cases with large tibiotalar dislocation of more than 10 mm (p<0.0001). In the group with type C fractures different results were obtained. The highest frequency of cases with synostosis was reported in the group with dislocation smaller than 10 mm (p = 0.0698). In the entire cohort, 615 (74.6%) one-stage osteosyntheses were performed and synostoses developed in 77 (12.5%) cases. In 165 (20.0%) patients, transfixation with K-wires or external fixation with subsequent conversion to secondary osteosynthesis were used and synostoses were identified in 50 (30.3%) cases (p < 0.0001). The open fractures showed an insignificantly smaller number of synostoses than the closed fractures (p = 0.5902). DISCUSSION Posttraumatic distal tibiofibular synostoses have varied morphology. A number of studies confirmed that they do not affect much the functional status of the ankle, even despite their extensive finding in the area of syndesmosis is evident on the Xray. Etiologically, a certain role in their development is reported to be played by posttraumatic hematoma in case of damage to deep soft and bony structures of the ankle. CONCLUSIONS A higher occurrence of synostoses was observed in male population, older age patients and also in type C fractures according to the Weber classification. Larger tibiotalar dislocation showed statistical significance in the development of synostoses in type B fractures according to the Weber classification, whereas in type C fractures it was not the main factor contributing to the development of synostosis. In cases where one-staged osteosynthesis was performed, the occurrence of synostoses was statistically significantly lower than in secondary osteosynthesis after temporary stabilisation. Key words: ankle fracture, distal tibiofibular synostosis, ankle joint dislocation, Weber classification, acute surgery, delayed surgery.

• MeSH
• fraktury kotníku * epidemiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• hlezenní kloub diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• kotník MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• synostóza * epidemiologie   etiologie   MeSH
• vnitřní fixace fraktury metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Nové vydání základní učebnice v oboru pro studenty bakalářských oborů lékařských a sociálně zdravotnických fakult. Svým obsahem, srozumitelným jazykem, grafickým ztvárněním a matematickým aparátem popisuje základní fyzikální vztahy.

• Klíčová slova
• Teoretické obory,
• MeSH
• biofyzika MeSH

• NLK Obory
• fyzika, biofyzika

Vysokoškolská učebnice pro zdravotnické a biomedicínské obory, která se zaměřuje na biofyziku.

• MeSH
• biofyzika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika
• Učební osnovy. Vyučovací předměty. Učebnice
• NLK Obory
• fyzika, biofyzika
• NLK Publikační typ
• učebnice vysokých škol