Background: Increases in early sport specialization, professionalization of youth sports, and leisure opportunities have led to growing numbers of youth dropping out of competitive sport. Understanding youth sport motivation and reasons for dropout is essential to crafting national federation policy, finance, and strategy decisions, as well as for clubs in aiding youth to reach their maximum potential. Objective: The study explored the leisure constraints perceived by former Czech youth football players as their main reasons for dropout. Based on leisure constraints theory, the hierarchical relationship between structural, intrapersonal, and interpersonal constraints was analyzed.Methods: A modified Czech version of Gould et al.'s Questionnaire of Reasons for Attrition (1982) was used to survey former Czech football players who dropped out between the ages of 13 and 18 years old. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to determine the relative prevalence of, and hierarchical relationship between, leisure constraints. Results: The participants' reasons for attrition were grouped into six factors corresponding to intrapersonal constraints (Low interest, Perceived low skills), interpersonal constraints (Team climate and the coach, Peer relationships) and structural constraints (Lacking family resources, External costs/low rewards). The participants most frequently reported interpersonal constraints (Team climate and the coach) and intrapersonal constraints (Low interest and Perceived low skills). Peer relationships significantly predicted intrapersonal constraints, including Perceived low skills (β = .482, p = .050) and Low interest (β = .914, p = .013); and Team climate and the coach significantly predicted Perceived low skills (β = .245, p = .036). Conclusions: Our results emphasize the importance of intrapersonal constraints and interpersonal constraints related to the team climate as the most significant reasons for dropout in Czech youth football. Based on these findings, we conclude that the coach, including coaching education, is the best place for the federation and clubs to address attrition in Czech football.
BACKGROUND: In the European context regulated by the Bologna Process principles, there is little evidence to date on the different profiles, if any, of nursing students enrolled in the 1st academic year and their academic outcomes. AIMS: To describe and compare the nursing student profiles and their academic outcomes at the end of the 1st year across European Bachelor of Nursing Science (BNS) courses. DESIGN: An exploratory multicentre cohort study involving five countries: Nursing students who were enrolled in nursing programmes for the academic year 2011/2012 in the participating BNS courses, willing to participate and regularly admitted to the 2nd academic year, were included in this study undertaken in 2013. Individual and faculty level variables were collected after having ensured the validity of the tools developed in English and then appropriately translated into the language of each participating country. FINDINGS: A total of 378/710 (53.2%) students participated in the study. They attended from 390 to 810h of lessons, while clinical experience ranged from 162 to 536h. The students reported a mean average age of 21.4 (Confidence of Interval [CI] 95%, 21.0-22.3) and foreign students were limited in number (on average 3.7%). The students reported adopting mainly individual learning strategies (92.9%), duplicating notes or lecture notes prepared by professors (74.4%), and concentrating their study before exams (74.6%). The majority reported experiencing learning difficulties (49.7%) and a lack of academic support (84.9%). Around 33.2% reported economic difficulties and the need to work while studying nursing on average for 24h/week. Personal expectations regarding the nursing role were different (45.6%) than the role encountered during the 1st year, as learning workloads were higher (57.2%) with regard to expectations. Around one-third of students reported the intention to leave nursing education while the proportion of those reporting early academic failure was on average 5.6%. CONCLUSIONS: More strategies aimed at harmonising nursing education across Europe, at supporting nursing students' learning processes during 1st year, and identifying factors influencing their intention to leave and their academic failure, are recommended.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- ošetřovatelství - výzkum vyhodnocovací MeSH
- postoj zdravotnického personálu MeSH
- studenti ošetřovatelství statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- studium ošetřovatelství - výzkum MeSH
- studium ošetřovatelství bakalářské MeSH
- výuka - hodnocení * MeSH
- zběhnutí ze studií statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- multicentrická studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
47 stran : ilustrace ; 24 cm
Tato publikace je dílčím výstupem projektu "Nerovnosti v šancích na vzdělání: jejich rozsah, zdroje, sociální a ekonomické důsledky, strategie řešení". Představuje výsledky šetření zaměřeného na problematiku předčasných odchodů mladých lidí v průběhu středoškolského studia.
- Konspekt
- Střední školy
- NLK Obory
- sociologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- studie
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- pedagogická psychologie MeSH
- poradenství pro volbu povolání MeSH
- studium vysokoškolské MeSH
- zběhnutí ze studií MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Československo MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
