Cílem této pilotní studie bylo zjistit možnost využití virtuální reality jako podpůrné léčebné metody v terapii nekompletních míšních lézí. Výzkumu se zúčastnilo 10 probandů (7 mužů a 3 ženy) ve věku 41 až 74 let (průměrný věk 58?10 let) z řad klientů Rehabilitačního ústavu (RÚ) Kladruby s inkompletní míšní lézí různé etiologie vzniku. Probandi byli náhodně rozděleni do dvou skupin vždy po 5 lidech, jedné výzkumné a druhé kontrolní. Pacientům ve výzkumné skupině bylo mimo běžného terapeutického plánu ústavu denně aplikováno terapeutické video pomocí helmy na virtuální realitu v celkovém počtu 30 aplikací, pacienti v kontrolní skupině podstupovali pouze pro RÚ Kladruby standardní metody v běžném rehabilitačním plánu. K objektivizaci klinického stavu probandů před a po terapii bylo použito standardizované vyšetření protokolem ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) impairment scale (AIS). Výsledné relativní zlepšení stavu za jeden měsíc pobytu bylo u výzkumné skupiny 43,93 % se směrodatnou odchylkou 34,71 % a variačním koeficientem 0,79, což je oproti výsledkům kontrolní skupiny (relativní zlepšení 13,47 % se směrodatnou odchylkou 5,00 % a variačním koeficientem 0,37) výsledek více než třikrát lepší, ovšem výrazně méně homogenní.
This pilot study investigated a possibility of using virtual reality as a supportive therapeutic method in the therapy of incomplete spinal cord lesions. Ten probands (7 men and 3 women) at the age of 41 to 71 years (mean age 58?10 years) from the Rehabilitation Institute in Kladruby who had suffered incomplete spinal cord lesions of different etiology participated in the investigation. The probands were divided at random in two groups of five subjects, one experimental and the other control one. In addition to the common therapeutic plan the patients in the research group followed a therapeutic video by means of a helmet for virtual reality in a total of 30 applications, whereas the control group patients underwent only standard methods of the institution in a common rehabilitation program. For objectification of the clinical state before and after the treatment the authors used standard examination protocol ASIA (American Spinal Injury Association) impairment scale (AIS). The resulting relative improvement of their conditions after one month stay proved to be 43.93 % in the experimental group with the standard deviation 34.71 % and coefficient of variation 0.79 as compared with the results of the control group (relative improvement 13.47 % with standard deviation 5.0 % and coefficient of variation 0.37) indicating a three-fold better result, although significantly less homogeneous.
Development of information technologies in recent decades has facilitated also a great progress in the development of new drugs. Methods of Computer-Aided Drug Design allow us to explore the spatial interaction between the receptor and a potential drug. The review deals with a brief summary of these computational methods and is mainly focused on pharmacophore modelling, one of the modern approaches in drug design that has proved to be a useful tool.
Cíl: Cílem pilotní studie bylo ověřit využitelnost nově vyvíjeného systému na principu využití tenzometrické plošiny a vizuální zpětné vazby k samostatnému domácím tréninku rovnováhy. Soubor a metodika: Pilotní studie se zúčastnilo 14 probandů (13 žen a jeden muž) ve věku 67 ? 7 let. Trénink rovnováhy probíhal v domácím prostředí po dobu 26 dní s využitím interaktivního systému na principu vizuální zpětné vazby. Všichni probandi uvedli subjektivní pocit poruchy rovnováhy, ale nebylo u nich diagnostikováno riziko pádu. K testování byl použit neparametrický Friedmanův test pro závislé výběry. Výsledky: Z Friedmanova testu vyplynulo, že se čas potřebný k vykonání vždy stejného referenčního zadání v průběhu opakovaného tréninku rovnováhy statisticky významně snížil, a to na hladině významnosti 0,001 (chí-kvadrát = 113,56, s.v. = 21, n = 14; p = 0,001). U všech probandů došlo ke zlepšení schopnosti reagovat změnami polohy těžiště na zadání ve virtuálním prostředí. Závěr: Byla ověřena využitelnost vyvíjeného systému pro samostatný trénink rovnováhy v domácím prostředí. Pro prokázání efektu tréninku na snížení rizika pádů a zlepšení schopnosti pacientů vykonávat aktivity běžného denního života je nutné zpracovat randomizovanou kontrolovanou studii na větším počtu probandů s objektivní poruchou rovnováhy.
Aim: The aim of the pilot study was to verify usability of a newly developed system that utilizes a force platform and visual feedback for home-based balance training. Material and methods: The pilot study was performed in 14 respondents (13 women and one man) with the mean age of 67 ? 7 years. The balance training took place in domestic environment for a period of 26 days with the use of interactive system employing the principle of visual feedback. All volunteers reported subjective perception of balance issues but no significant objective risk of fall was diagnosed. Non-parametric Friedman’s test was used to evaluate the effect of the therapy. Results: The results showed that the time required to finish the same reference training scene significantly decreased at the level of significance of 0.001 (chi-square = 113.56, s.v. = 21, n = 14; p = 0.001). All subjects improved their ability to react to scene changes in virtual environment by shifting their centre of gravity. Conclusion: We verified usability of this custom-developed system for home-based balance training. Further randomized study incorporating larger data set is needed to validate the effect of the therapy.
- Keywords
- tenzometrická plošina, porucha rovnováhy,
- MeSH
- Biomechanical Phenomena MeSH
- Equipment Design MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Statistics, Nonparametric MeSH
- Pilot Projects MeSH
- Computer Simulation * utilization MeSH
- Postural Balance * physiology MeSH
- Rehabilitation * methods instrumentation MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Feedback, Sensory MeSH
- Exercise Therapy methods instrumentation MeSH
- Accidental Falls prevention & control MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Evaluation Study MeSH
It is automatically assumed that the accuracy with which a stimulus can be decoded is entirely determined by the properties of the neuronal system. We challenge this perspective by showing that the identification of pure tone intensities in an auditory nerve fiber depends on both the stochastic response model and the arbitrarily chosen stimulus units. We expose an apparently paradoxical situation in which it is impossible to decide whether loud or quiet tones are encoded more precisely. Our conclusion reaches beyond the topic of auditory neuroscience, however, as we show that the choice of stimulus scale is an integral part of the neural coding problem and not just a matter of convenience.
- MeSH
- Acoustic Stimulation methods MeSH
- Algorithms * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Models, Neurological * MeSH
- Nerve Fibers physiology MeSH
- Neural Conduction physiology MeSH
- Cochlear Nerve physiology MeSH
- Computer Simulation utilization MeSH
- Stochastic Processes MeSH
- Loudness Perception physiology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
- Keywords
- model respirační soustavy, efektivní poddajnost, adiabatická poddajnost, izotermická poddajnost,
- MeSH
- Models, Anatomic * MeSH
- Calibration MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Ventilators, Mechanical standards utilization MeSH
- Respiratory Tract Diseases physiopathology MeSH
- Computer Simulation utilization MeSH
- Compliance MeSH
- Prospective Studies MeSH
- Air Pressure MeSH
- Respiration, Artificial * methods instrumentation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Chart MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
Autoři předkládají možnosti využití nové didaktické metody Metila v komunikaci v oblasti ošetřovatelství
- MeSH
- Communication * MeSH
- Education, Nursing, Continuing * methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neural Networks, Computer MeSH
- Models, Nursing MeSH
- Staff Development MeSH
- Computer-Assisted Instruction * methods instrumentation utilization MeSH
- Computer Simulation utilization MeSH
- Workplace MeSH
- Teaching Materials MeSH
- User-Computer Interface MeSH
- Education methods MeSH
- Nurse-Patient Relations MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- MeSH
- Surgical Procedures, Operative * education MeSH
- General Surgery manpower education MeSH
- Laparoscopy education MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Computer Simulation * utilization MeSH
- Education, Medical, Graduate * MeSH
- User-Computer Interface MeSH
- Virtual Reality MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Introductory Journal Article MeSH
Introduction: The article is aimed to highlight usage of innovative teaching methods within simulation education in the professional training of nurses abroad and to present our experience based on passing intensive study programme at School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Salford (United Kingdom, UK) within Intensive EU Lifelong Learning Programme (LPP) Erasmus EU RADAR 2013. Methods: Implementation of simulation methods such as role-play, case studies, simulation scenarios, practical workshops and clinical skills workstation within structured ABCDE approach (AIM© Assessment and Management Tool) was aimed to promote the development of theoretical knowledge and skills to recognize and manage acutely deteriorated patients. Structured SBAR approach (Acute SBAR Communication Tool) was used for the training of communication and information sharing among the members of multidisciplinary health care team. OSCE approach (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) was used for student’s individual formative assessment. Results: Simulation education is proved to have lots of benefits in the professional training of nurses. It is held in safe, controlled and realistic conditions (in simulation laboratories) reflecting real hospital and community care environment with no risk of harming real patients accompanied by debriefing, discussion and analysis of all activities students have performed within simulated scenario. Such learning environment is supportive, challenging, constructive, motivated, engaging, skilled, flexible, inspiring and respectful. Thus the simulation education is effective, interactive, interesting, efficient and modern way of nursing education. Conclusion: Critical thinking and clinical competences of nurses are crucial for early recognition and appropriate response to acute deterioration of patient’s condition. These competences are important to ensure the provision of high quality nursing care. Methods of simulation education used within professional training of next generation of nurses can help them to get used to the recognition and management of this group of patients by the means of simulated cases to be able to implement the approaches trained within real clinical nursing practice.
