Prípady náhlych a neočakávaných úmrtí z kardiálnych príčin sú častým predmetom vyšetrovania post mortem v súdnolekárskej praxi. Detekcia čerstvých ischemických zmien alebo čerstvého infarktu myokardu je, makroskopicky a mikroskopicky pri konvenčnom farbení tkanivových rezov, niekedy nemožná. Cieľom predkladanej práce je priblížiť možnosti využitia detekcie dezmínu v myokarde pomocou imunohistochemického vyšetrenia a moderných metód hodnotenia jeho výsledkov v diagnostike náhlej a neočakávanej srdcovej smrti.
Cases of sudden and unexpected deaths from cardiac causes are a frequent subject of post mortem investigation in everyday forensic practice. They occur in all age categories. Morphological findings at autopsy may reveal pathological changes in the myocardium, e.g. acute infarction, all forms of myocarditis, cardiomyopathy of various aetiologies, congenital coronary artery anomalies, lesions of the cardiac conduction system and primary heart tumours, especially in the elderly. At a younger age, the autopsy findings are mostly poor in morphological changes and the cause of death is often determined per exclusionem as a functional diagnosis of cardiac failure. Early ischemic changes or early myocardial infarction is sometimes impossible to detect macroscopically and also microscopically in tissue sections with conventional staining. Desmin is cytoplasmic structural protein found in striated muscle, associated with Z-lines in muscle cell and is sensitive to oxygen deficiency. In myocardial samples taken at autopsy, desmin can be visualized by immunohistochemistry with specific antibody-antigen reaction. The aim of the presented work is to approach the possibilities of using desmin detection in the myocardium using immunohistochemical examination and modern methods of evaluating its results using image analysis in the diagnostics of sudden and unexpected cardiac death.
We describe the expression and distribution patterns of nestin, desmin and vimentin in intact and regenerating muscle spindles of the rat hind limb skeletal muscles. Regeneration was induced by intramuscular isotransplantation of extensor digitorum longus (EDL) or soleus muscles from 15-day-old rats into the EDL muscle of adult female inbred Lewis rats. The host muscles with grafts were excised after 7-, 16-, 21- and 29-day survival and immunohistochemically stained. Nestin expression in intact spindles in host muscles was restricted to Schwann cells of sensory and motor nerves. In transplanted muscles, however, nestin expression was also found in regenerating "spindle fibers", 7 and 16 days after grafting. From the 21st day onwards, the regenerated spindle fibers were devoid of nestin immunoreactivity. Desmin was detected in spindle fibers at all developmental stages in regenerating as well as in intact spindles. Vimentin was expressed in cells of the outer and inner capsules of all muscle spindles and in newly formed myoblasts and myotubes of regenerating spindles 7 days after grafting. Our results show that the expression pattern of these intermediate filaments in regenerating spindle fibers corresponds to that found in regenerating extrafusal fibers, which supports our earlier suggestion that they resemble small-diameter extrafusal fibers.
- MeSH
- desmin analýza MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kosterní svalová vlákna chemie MeSH
- kosterní svaly chemie transplantace ultrastruktura MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- myoblasty chemie MeSH
- nervosvalová vřeténka chemie MeSH
- potkani inbrední LEW MeSH
- proteiny intermediálních filament analýza MeSH
- proteiny nervové tkáně analýza MeSH
- regenerace MeSH
- Schwannovy buňky chemie MeSH
- vimentin analýza MeSH
- zadní končetina MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
We describe 12 cases of leiomyoma with intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies, which were detected in a group of 447 leiomyomas examined at our institution between December 2005 and March 2006. Ten of these tumors were typical leiomyomas, and two cases represented atypical (bizarre) leiomyoma. In some cases, the presence of intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies resulted in a rhabdoid or skeletal muscle-like appearance of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, there were two types of inclusions. One of them consisted of an abnormal aggregation of intermediate and actin filaments. Another type of inclusions was composed of dense granular material without an apparent fibrillar structure. The ultrastructure of the inclusions correlates with immunohistochemical and histochemical stainings. The inclusions with apparent fibrillar arrangements were PAS negative, stained red by trichrome, and were, at least at the periphery, actin-, desmin-, and h-caldesmon-positive. The dense granular inclusions were at least focally PAS-positive, stained red by trichrome, and were negative immunohistochemically. The intracytoplasmic inclusions were found in atypical (bizarre) leiomyomas of the uterus and occasionally in epithelioid leiomyomas and leiomyosarcomas. However, to the best of our knowledge, these inclusions have not been found in typical uterine leiomyomas to date.
- MeSH
- aktiny analýza MeSH
- azosloučeniny MeSH
- biologické markery analýza MeSH
- buněčná inkluze chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- desmin analýza MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- eosin MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- imunohistochemie metody MeSH
- keratiny analýza MeSH
- leiomyom diagnóza chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methylová zeleň MeSH
- MyoD Protein analýza MeSH
- myogenin analýza MeSH
- nádory dělohy diagnóza chemie ultrastruktura MeSH
- proteiny vázající kalmodulin analýza MeSH
- rhabdoidní nádor patologie MeSH
- Schiffova reakce MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- vimentin analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
Autoři studovali expresi S-100 proteinu, aktinu hladké svaloviny, svalového aktinu a dezminu v kloubních chrupavkách odebraných při artroskopickém vyšetření u 8 pacientů s různým stup- něm osteoartritidy kolenního kloubu. Ve všech případech byly buňky chrupavčité tkáně zřetelně pozitivní v reakci k průkazu S-100 proteinu. Aktin pozitivní chondrocyty byly zaznamenány ve 4 vzorcích s reparativními změnami při osteoartritidě provázenými tvorbou fibrózní chrupavčité tkáně. Navíc u jednoho z těchto vzorků byly současně pozorovány dezmin pozitivní chondrocyty ve vrstvě chrupavčité tkáně vyplňující povrchový defekt v kloubní chrupavce. Expresi dezminu je možno chápat jako důsledek reakce na trauma nebo výraz vrozené abnormality. Chondrocyty prav- děpodobně získaly během hojivého procesu některé rysy buněk hladké svaloviny, neboť dezmin je do značné míry marker svalových buněk. Tento fakt by mohl podporovat původní předpoklad au- torů, že chondrocyty exprimující svalové markery by mohly být označovány v analogii s myofib- roblasty jako myochondrocyty a myochondroblasty. Je pravděpodobné, že takováto transformace imunofenotypu chondrocytů je v průběhu hojení defektů chrupavky dosti častá, i když možná pou- ze přechodného charakteru.
We studied the results of immunostaining for S-100 protein, alpha-smooth muscle actin, muscle specific actin and desmin in articular cartilage specimens obtained during an arthroscopy from eight patients with different degrees of osteoarthritis of the knee joint. In all cases, most of the cartilage cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein. Actin positive chondrocytes were present in four samples showing repair cartilage changes with occurrence of fibrocartilage tissue. Moreover, in one case, we observed typical desmin-positive chondrocytes in the layer of cartilage filling the defect of the articular cartilage surface. The expression of desmin can be regarded as a reaction to trauma or the indication of an inherent abnormality. The chondrocytes probably switched on smooth muscle features during the healing process, because desmin is to a great extent a typical muscle cell marker. This fact could probably support our previous supposition that cartilage cells expressing muscle markers could be designated as myochondroblasts and myochondrocytes analogously to the terminology of myofibroblasts. It is possible that during the healing of the cartilage defects, such a transformation of the immunophenotype of the cartilage cells is quite frequent, but it could also be only transient nature only
- MeSH
- aktiny analýza MeSH
- desmin analýza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- gliový fibrilární kyselý protein analýza MeSH
- hamartom metabolismus patologie MeSH
- keratiny analýza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mucin 1 analýza MeSH
- proteiny S100 analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
