Biofilms that grow on implant surfaces pose a great risk and challenge for the dental implant survival. In this work, we have applied Er:YAG photoacoustic irrigation using super short pulses (Er:YAG-SSP) to remove biofilms from the titanium surfaces in the non-contact mode. Mature Enterococcus faecalis biofilms were treated with saline solution, chlorhexidine, and hydrogen peroxide, or photoacoustically with Er:YAG-SSP for 10 or 60 s. The number of total and viable bacteria as well as biofilm surface coverage was determined prior and after different treatments. Er:YAG-SSP photoacoustic treatment significantly increases the biofilm removal rate compared to saline or chemically treated biofilms. Up to 92% of biofilm-covered surface can be cleaned in non-contact mode during 10 s without the use of abrasives or chemicals. In addition, Er:YAG-SSP photoacoustic irrigation significantly decreases the number of viable bacteria that remained on the titanium surface. Within the limitations of the present in vitro model, the ER:YAG-SSP seems to constitute an efficient therapeutic option for quick debridement and decontamination of titanium implants without using abrasives or chemicals.
OBJECTIVE: To describe effects of non-ablative erbium-doped:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) laser on vaginal atrophy induced by iatrogenic menopause in the ewe. DESIGN: Animal experimental, randomised, sham and estrogen-treatment controlled study with blinding for primary outcome. SETTING: KU Leuven, Belgium. SAMPLE: Twenty-four ewes. METHODS: Menopause was surgically induced, after which the ewes were randomised to three groups receiving vaginal Er:YAG laser application three times, with a 1-month interval; three sham manipulations with a 1-month interval; or estrogen replacement and sham manipulations. At given intervals, ewes were clinically examined and vaginal wall biopsies were taken. Vaginal compliance was determined by passive biomechanical testing from explants taken at autopsy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Vaginal epithelial thickness (primary), composition of the lamina propria (collagen, elastin, glycogen and vessel content), vaginal compliance, clinical signs. RESULTS: Animals exposed to Er:YAG laser application and sham manipulation, but not to estrogens, displayed a significant and comparable increase in vaginal epithelial thickness between baseline and 7 days after the third application (69% and 67%, respectively, both P < 0.0008). In laser-treated ewes, temporary vaginal discharge and limited thermal injury were observed. Estrogen-substituted ewes displayed a more prominent increase in epithelial thickness (202%; P < 0.0001) and higher vaginal compliance (P < 0.05). None of the interventions induced changes in the lamina propria. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal Er:YAG laser has comparable effect to sham manipulation in menopausal ewes. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Vaginal Er:YAG laser has comparable effect to sham manipulation in menopausal ewes #LASER #GSM #RCT.
- MeSH
- atrofie * diagnóza farmakoterapie etiologie radioterapie MeSH
- biopsie metody MeSH
- estrogenní substituční terapie metody MeSH
- estrogeny farmakologie MeSH
- laserová terapie s nízkou intenzitou světla * škodlivé účinky metody MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové terapeutické užití MeSH
- menopauza * MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- vagina patologie MeSH
- vaginální onemocnění * farmakoterapie patologie radioterapie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To evaluate emerging evidence and practical applications of thulium-fiber laser (TFL) for genitourinary soft tissue disease and urinary stone disease treatment. RECENT FINDINGS: A systematic review was developed using the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, SpringerLink and Mary Ann Liebert Scopus databases between 2012 and 2020 years, using the PRISMA statement. We analyzed recent publications including in vitro and in humans outcomes of surgery using TFL. This new laser technology can be used in soft tissue diseases and stones present in the genitourinary system. Most of the comparisons are made with the Ho:YAG laser, using completely different settings. Nevertheless, TFL is safe, feasible and effective in the management of urologic diseases, showing superiority to Ho:YAG even in some studies. SUMMARY: The introduction of pulsed TFL technology has enabled the ablation of stones at rates comparable to or better than currently existing lasers in vitro, while also potentially reducing stone retropulsion. TFL is effective in treating genitourinary soft tissue diseases, including benign prostatic hyperplasia, and early data indicate that it may be effective in the treatment of urinary stone disease. More clinical studies are needed to better understand the indications for this novel technology and clarify its position in the urologic endoscopy armamentarium.
- MeSH
- endoskopie MeSH
- karcinom z renálních buněk chirurgie MeSH
- laserová litotripse * MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové * terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory měkkých tkání chirurgie MeSH
- nemoci prostaty chirurgie MeSH
- thulium terapeutické užití MeSH
- urolitiáza chirurgie MeSH
- urologické nádory chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
BACKGROUND: Laser therapy is now being proposed for the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and urinary incontinence (UI). OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the available literature on laser therapy for POP and UI. SEARCH STRATEGY: PubMed, Web Of Science and Embase were searched for relevant articles, using a three-concept (POP, UI, laser therapy) search engine composed as (concept 1 OR concept 2) AND concept 3. SELECTION CRITERIA: Only full-text clinical studies in English. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data on patient characteristics, laser setting, treatment outcome and adverse events were independently collected by two researchers. There was a lack of methodological uniformity so meta-analysis was not possible and the results are presented narratively. MAIN RESULTS: Thirty-one studies recruiting 1530 adult women met the inclusion criteria. All studies showed significant improvement either on UI, POP or both; however the heterogeneity of laser settings, application and outcome measures was huge. Only one study was a randomised controlled trial, two studies were controlled cohort studies. All three were on UI and used standardised validated tools. The risk of bias in the randomised controlled trial was low on all seven domains; the controlled studies had a serious risk of bias. No major adverse events were reported, mild pain and burning sensation were the most commonly described adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: All studies on vaginal and/or urethral laser application for POP and UI report improvement, but the quality of studies needs to be improved. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: There is weak evidence that laser therapy is effective for urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse #LASER#UI#POP.
- MeSH
- inkontinence moči chirurgie MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lasery plynové škodlivé účinky terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- prolaps pánevních orgánů chirurgie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- výzkumný projekt normy MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- systematický přehled MeSH
OBJECTIVES: Lentigo maligna is a common in situ malignancy in elderly patients, with a low risk of progression to an invasive tumor. Surgical treatment may be complicated or refused. Non-surgical treatment options (such as lasers) may therefore be needed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report on 17 patients treated with a 2940-nm Er:YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminum) laser for histopathologically confirmed lentigo maligna. The lesions were ablated with a 5 mm margin of adjacent skin under local anesthesia with a 3.5 mm overlapping spot, energy density of 6.5 J/cm2 and a repetition rate of 5 Hz. If clinically visible pigmentation was seen in the ablated area during the following three months, the lesion was re-treated. All patients were followed up for residual or recurrent tumors. RESULTS: We achieved clinical clearance in all 17 patients. There were three recurrences during the follow-up period (9, 30 and 36 months after laser therapy). All patients were satisfied with the treatment course and cosmetic outcome. The mean follow-up duration was 28 months. CONCLUSIONS: Laser ablation is an interesting alternative method for treatment of lentigo maligna. It can be used for selected cases where surgery is contraindicated, complicated or declined by the patient.
- MeSH
- dermatoskopie metody MeSH
- laserová terapie metody MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové terapeutické užití MeSH
- lentigo maligna kůže diagnostické zobrazování patologie radioterapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lokální recidiva nádoru MeSH
- nádory kůže diagnostické zobrazování patologie radioterapie MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- MeSH
- gingiva * chirurgie patologie MeSH
- hyperpigmentace * chirurgie terapie MeSH
- laserová terapie ekonomika metody MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové * klasifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- měření bolesti MeSH
- nemoci dásní chirurgie terapie MeSH
- pooperační období MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- klinická studie MeSH
- MeSH
- fotochemoterapie MeSH
- fotokoagulace MeSH
- iridektomie MeSH
- laserová chirurgie rohovky metody MeSH
- laserová modelace rohovky pod rohovkovou lamelou MeSH
- laserová terapie * metody MeSH
- lasery excimerové terapeutické užití MeSH
- lasery pevnolátkové terapeutické užití MeSH
- lasery MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- optická koherentní tomografie metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
