Birth is an event that exposes the newborn baby to a high concentration of free radicals (reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)), which can contribute to several diseases. The balanced equilibrium between ROS/RNS and the antioxidant system of the newborn is a key factor in preventing a plethora of diseases. The antioxidant system involves endogenous and exogenous molecules, from vitamins (A, E, C) to enzymes (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase), metals (copper, zinc, and selenium) and other molecules (coenzyme Q10, melatonin) that can act in a synergistic manner to deactivate free radicals. A competent antioxidant system of the baby is strongly dependent on the intake of free radical deactivating molecules from feeding, either maternal or formula milk, with several studies pointing that breast milk has more powerful antioxidant effects on lowering the infant's oxidative status. An improved understanding of the antioxidant molecules, their mechanism of action, and the relationships between them, are key factors to comprehend all the potential benefits of human breastfeeding in this matter. The purpose of this review is to describe different research efforts and methodologies of evaluation of TAS in human milk, and to evaluate and summarize the contribution of different antioxidant molecules.
- Klíčová slova
- TAS/TAC (total antioxidant system/total antioxidant capacity) - (celková antioxidační kapacita lidského mléka),
- MeSH
- antioxidancia farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- ceruloplasmin imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- farmakologické účinky - molekulární mechanismy MeSH
- glutathionperoxidasa imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- kaseiny imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- katalasa imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- kojení * MeSH
- kovy imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- kyselina askorbová MeSH
- laktoferrin imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko * enzymologie imunologie metabolismus MeSH
- melatonin imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- mléčné bílkoviny imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- ochranné látky farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres fyziologie imunologie MeSH
- proteiny imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- statistika jako téma MeSH
- stopové prvky imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- superoxiddismutasa imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- ubichinon imunologie izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- vitamin A MeSH
- vitamin E MeSH
- volné radikály antagonisté a inhibitory metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
Coenzyme Q (CoQ), a lipophilic substituted benzoquinone present in all cells. Besides its fundamental role of an electron carrier associated with energy production in the respiratory chain, CoQ has two other functions in mitochondria. It is an essential factor in activation of protein uncoupling and it controls permeability of transition pores. Moreover, it participates in extramitochondrial electron transport in plasma membranes and lysosomes, controls physicochemical properties of membranes, and is the only endogenous lipid antioxidant. Its pro-oxidant role consists in generating the major superoxide radical/H2O2 secondmessenger system. Biosynthesis of CoQ proceeds in every cell, small amounts of CoQ can be obtained from diet. CoQ is also available as a dietary supplement. It shows minimal toxicity, excellent tolerance, and no significant side effects. Its beneficial effects are largely attributed to its essential role in cellular bioenergetics and antioxidant properties. Supplementation of CoQ can improve conditions of a wide range of pathological states. Some forms of mitochondrial CoQ deficiency respond well to its oral administration. Recent meta-analysis of tests for hypertension is also promising. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the therapeutic efficacy of CoQ in various diseases.
- MeSH
- antioxidancia terapeutické užití MeSH
- energetický metabolismus fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- klinické zkoušky jako téma využití MeSH
- lékové interakce fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- medicína založená na důkazech trendy MeSH
- mitochondrie fyziologie chemie metabolismus MeSH
- nežádoucí účinky léčiv metabolismus MeSH
- oxidace-redukce MeSH
- oxidancia izolace a purifikace MeSH
- potravní doplňky využití MeSH
- ubichinon dějiny izolace a purifikace terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
