The goal is to present partial results of the programme which was carried out in order to decrease the incidence of falls of hospitalized patients. Materials and methods: In January 2018, 16 monitored departments in 4 South Bohemian hospitals started the annual intervention programme, the goal of which was to reduce the incidence of falls. The selected (intervention) nurses were responsible for the realization and coordination of the interventions of fall prevention in co-operation with the managers of selected departments. The interventions included the identification of fall risk patients and standard nursing interventions in fall risk patients (by the departments’ standards) as well as the trainings of nurses in fall prevention of hospitalized patients, individual education of patients and their close relatives, special labelling of the beds of fall risk patients, and ensuring compensation and safety aids and after-fall medical audit using interactive databases. Results: This article presents the data from only two selected departments (internal department and subsequent care department of the South Bohemian regional hospital), which recorded a decrease of falls compared to the same period in 2017. The internal department recorded 27 falls in 2018 (in 2017, there were 42 falls) and the subsequent care department recorded 18 falls in 2018 (in 2017, there were 38 falls). Conclusion: Despite all measures, we recorded falls of patients in the monitored period (January–December 2018). However, it is positive that most workplaces included in our programme recorded a decrease compared to last year.

• MeSH
• bezpečnost pacientů * MeSH
• hospitalizovaní pacienti MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• úrazy pádem * prevence a kontrola   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• vzdělávání pacientů jako téma MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče organizace a řízení   MeSH
• řízení zdravotnictví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH
• sborníky MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví
• veřejné zdravotnictví

• MeSH
• ekonomika a organizace zdravotní péče MeSH
• lékařská informatika MeSH
• průzkumy zdravotní péče MeSH
• reforma zdravotní péče MeSH
• zajištění kvality zdravotní péče MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kongresy MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• veřejné zdravotnictví

• MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
• školní zdravotnické služby MeSH
• veřejné zdravotnické služby MeSH
• zdravotní gramotnost MeSH
• zdravotní politika MeSH
• zdravotní výchova MeSH

• Konspekt
• Výchova a vzdělávání
• NLK Obory
• pedagogika
• zdravotní výchova
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• NLK Publikační typ
• kolektivní monografie

Cíle. Porozumět tomu, jak v českém prostředí sociální práce a sociálních služeb supervizoři a supervidovaní v běžné praxi supervize prožívají a konceptualizují své vzájemné vztahy. Použité metody. Explorační výzkum s využitím kvalitativní metodologie, metodou hloubkového interview. Rozhovory byly zaznamenány na audio záznam a doslovně přepsány. Zkoumána byla reflexe zkušeností se vztahovými obtížemi v supervizi, jak jim účastníci rozumějí, jak zrcadlí jejich očekávání od supervize. Výzkumný soubor. Metodou prostého záměrného výběru zvoleno 14 supervizorů a supervidovaných, kteří poskytují a přijímají supervizi v oblasti sociálních služeb. Soubor obsahoval pouze ženy. U supervizorů byl podmínkou absolvovaný psychoterapeutický výcvik a výcvik v supervizi a zastoupeny různorodé typy výcviků. Supervizanti pracovali pod různými supervizory a s různými typy klientů. Zpracování dat. Data byla kódována otevřeným kódováním. Byly konstruovány kategorie z výroků, do nichž bylo zařazeno vše, co souvisí se vztahem v supervizi, jeho chápáním a výroky o něm. Kategorie byly následně uspořádány metodou vyložení karet. Výsledky. Vznikl model dynamického vztahu v supervizi, který je charakterizován etapami vývoje od přípravné přes etapu reciproční angažovanosti k etapě prožívání změny. Supervizor přispívá k dynamice vztahu pečujícím postojem a strategiemi péče a podněcování k rozvoji, které výzkum podrobněji popsal. Supervizant se podílí na vztahu svou proaktivní připraveností, k níž přispívá též jeho zvládání obav, překonávání pocitů ohrožení sebeúcty a radost z experimentování a nových možností v dosahování vlastního cíle. Bowlbyho koncepty bezpečného útočiště a bezpečného zázemí se zdají dobře pojmenovávat vyjádřené zkušenosti a očekávání respondentů, ačkoli se v konceptualizaci vztahu mezi supervizanty a supervizory přímo neobjevily. Limity studie. Výsledky ohledně pečujícího chování mohly být zkresleny tím, že výzkumu se účastnily pouze ženy. Výzkum neukazuje rozdíly v míře uplatnění a očekávání pečujícího chování v supervizi u různých typů supervizantů a supervizorů nebo v různých typech organizací.

Objective. Exploration of how clinical supervisors and supervisees in the Czech social work and social services experience and conceptualize their relations in daily practice. Method. Exploratory research design was used based on qualitative methods. The interviews was tape-recorded and verbatim transcripts were made. Sample. 14 supervisors and supervisees (all women) from the field of social services were selected by means of simple purposive sampling. Eligible supervisors had completed training programmes in psychotherapy and clinical supervision. Diversity of supervision schools was represented in the sample. The supervisees experienced different supervisors and whole variety of clients. Data analysis. The data was analysed by means of open coding. Categories were constructed and the method of displaying cards was used. Results. A stage model of dynamic relationship in clinical supervision was developed which covers developmental stages like preparation, reciprocal engagement and experiencing change. The supervisor contributes to the dynamics of the relationship through his/her caring attitude and two clusters of strategies – caring and encouraging individual growth. Those are described in detail. The supervisee contributes through her proactive preparedness, which also relies on coping with her anxieties and perceived threats to her self-respect. Bowlby’s concepts of safe haven and secure base seem to fit the experiences and expectations relayed by the respondents, although they were not mentioned explicitly in the respondents’ accounts of the supervisor-supervisee relationship. Study limitation. The results on caring behaviours might be limited by the fact that only women participated in the study. The study does not indicate how the ways the caring behaviours are applied or expected in clinical supervision vary depending on type of supervisor, type of supervisee, or type of organization.

• Klíčová slova
• supervize, Bowlbyho teorie, teorie vztahové vazby,
• MeSH
• interpersonální vztahy * MeSH
• kvalitativní výzkum MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• organizace a řízení MeSH
• personální rozvoj MeSH
• rozhovory jako téma MeSH
• školitelé * MeSH
• sociální práce organizace a řízení   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

AIM: To identify, appraise and synthesize the available evidence relating to the value and impact of cancer nursing on patient experience and outcomes. BACKGROUND: There is a growing body of literature that recognizes the importance and contribution of cancer nurses, however, a comprehensive review examining how cancer nurses have an impact on care quality, patient outcomes and overall experience of cancer, as well as cost of services across the entire cancer spectrum is lacking. DESIGN: A systematic review and meta-analysis using Cochrane methods. METHODS: We will systematically search 10 electronic databases from 2000, with pre-determined search terms. No language restrictions will be applied. We will include all randomized and controlled before-and-after studies that compare cancer nursing interventions to a standard care or no intervention. Two reviewers will independently assess the eligibility of the studies and appraise methodological quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Disagreements will be resolved by discussion and may involve a third reviewer if necessary. Data from included studies will be extracted in accordance with the Template for intervention Description and Replication reporting guidelines. Missing data will be actively sought from all trialists. Data will be synthesized in evidence tables and narrative to answer three key questions. If sufficient data are available, we will perform meta-analyses. DISCUSSION: This review will allow us to systematically assess the impact of cancer nursing on patient care and experience. This evidence will be used to determine implications for clinical practice and used to inform future programme and policy decisions in Europe.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• onkologické ošetřovatelství * MeSH
• ošetřovatelství založené na důkazech * MeSH
• společnosti ošetřovatelské MeSH
• vztahy mezi ošetřovatelkou a pacientem MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

Substance use increases the risk of damage to executive and cognitive functions. Manifested by a range of clinical symptoms, such impairments may affect people’s coping with everyday activities and their abilities to establish and maintain good social links. Substance users are an at-risk population in this respect. AIMS: Two cognitive rehabilitation interventions will be experimentally implemented into clinical practice and their effectiveness compared. The levels of impairment of the patients’ executive and cognitive functioning will be investigated. METHODS: The first rehabilitation modality under study is the Neurop3 computer program. The second, a pen-and-paper- based cognitive rehabilitation programme, will be devised by the authors. Initially, each patient will be screened using a test battery. If a deficit is identified, the patient will be offered the opportunity to participate in a rehabilitation programme. The components of the screening battery and the subsequent rehabilitation programmes will be chosen in such a way as to ensure that their administration falls within the competencies of an addiction specialist. The patients will be randomised into three groups according to the cognitive rehabilitation approach applied: 30 patients will be exposed to computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation, 30 patients will undergo pen-and- paper rehabilitation, and 30 patients will constitute a control group. The study sample will comprise patients from the outpatient addiction treatment clinic at the Department of Addictology of the General University Hospital. The duration of all three programmes will be eight weeks. DISCUSSION: The research study explores the potential of rehabilitation programmes and explains the importance of cognitive rehabilitation for addiction patients. The results suggest that two cognitive rehabilitation programmes, in particular, may be promising in clinical practice. The research study is designed in such a way as to make it possible for an addiction specialist to administer it.

BACKGROUND: Numbering about 90,000, nurses represent the largest group of health care providers in the Czech Republic. Therefore, nurses can make a significant impact in the treatment of tobacco dependence, particularly in applying brief interventions to smokers. METHODS: During 2014, 279 nurses from the Czech Republic participated in an e-learning education programme consisting of two Webcasts with additional web-based resources about smoking cessation in relation to health and treatment options in daily clinical practice, particularly regarding brief intervention methods. Before viewing the e-learning programme, and three months after viewing it, the nurses completed a questionnaire documenting their interventions with smokers and their knowledge, attitudes and opinions regarding nurses' roles in smoking cessation. RESULTS: The responses in all of the following categories significantly improved: usually/always asking patients about smoking from 58% to 69% (OR 1.62, CI=1.14-2.29, p=0.007); recommendations to stop smoking from 56% to 66% (OR 1.46, CI=1.03-2.06, p=0.03); assessing willingness to quit from 49% to 63% (OR 1.72, CI=1.23-2.42, p=0.002); assisting with cessation from 21% to 33% (OR 1.85, CsI=1.26-2.71, p=0.002); and recommending a smoke-free home from 39% to 58% (OR 2.16, CI=1.54-3.04, p<0.001). The increase in arranging follow-up from 7% to 10% did not constitute a statistically significant improvement, however, this finding is understandable in relation to the status of nurses in the Czech Republic. However, nurses' confidence in helping smokers to quit smoking, their senses of responsibility and determining the appropriateness of these interventions remains inadequate. CONCLUSION: The nurses' brief intervention skills improved significantly after the completion of the e-learning programme, even though reservations remain among this group. The systematic education of nurses aimed at smoking cessation intervention and analyzing their motivation for treatment may contribute to improved nursing care, and thus lead to a reduction of smoking prevalence in the general population.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• odvykání kouření MeSH
• počítačem řízená výuka MeSH
• poruchy vyvolané užíváním tabáku ošetřování   MeSH
• postoj zdravotnického personálu * MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• zdravotní sestry psychologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH