OBJECTIVES: To develop a gadolinium-free MRI-based diagnosis prediction decision tree (DPDT) for adult-type diffuse gliomas and to assess the added value of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) enhanced images. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included preoperative grade 2-4 adult-type diffuse gliomas (World Health Organization 2021) scanned between 2010 and 2021. The DPDT, incorporating eleven GBCA-free MRI features, was developed using 18% of the dataset based on consensus readings. Diagnosis predictions involved grade (grade 2 vs. grade 3/4) and molecular status (isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) and 1p/19q). GBCA-free diagnosis was predicted using DPDT, while GBCA-enhanced diagnosis included post-contrast images. The accuracy of these predictions was assessed by three raters with varying experience levels in neuroradiology using the test dataset. Agreement analyses were applied to evaluate the prediction performance/reproducibility. RESULTS: The test dataset included 303 patients (age (SD): 56.7 (14.2) years, female/male: 114/189, low-grade/high-grade: 54/249, IDH-mutant/wildtype: 82/221, 1p/19q-codeleted/intact: 34/269). Per-rater GBCA-free predictions achieved ≥ 0.85 (95%-CI: 0.80-0.88) accuracy for grade and ≥ 0.75 (95%-CI: 0.70-0.80) for molecular status, while GBCA-enhanced predictions reached ≥ 0.87 (95%-CI: 0.82-0.90) and ≥ 0.77 (95%-CI: 0.71-0.81), respectively. No accuracy difference was observed between GBCA-free and GBCA-enhanced predictions. Group inter-rater agreement was moderate for GBCA-free (0.56 (95%-CI: 0.46-0.66)) and substantial for GBCA-enhanced grade prediction (0.68 (95%-CI: 0.58-0.78), p = 0.008), while substantial for both GBCA-free (0.75 (95%-CI: 0.69-0.80) and GBCA-enhanced (0.77 (95%-CI: 0.71-0.82), p = 0.51) molecular status predictions. CONCLUSION: The proposed GBCA-free diagnosis prediction decision tree performed well, with GBCA-enhanced images adding little to the preoperative diagnostic accuracy of adult-type diffuse gliomas. KEY POINTS: Question Given health and environmental concerns, is there a gadolinium-free imaging protocol to preoperatively evaluate gliomas comparable to the gadolinium-enhanced standard practice? Findings The proposed gadolinium-free diagnosis prediction decision tree for adult-type diffuse gliomas performed well, and gadolinium-enhanced MRI demonstrated only limited improvement in diagnostic accuracy. Clinical relevance Even inexperienced raters effectively classified adult-type diffuse gliomas using the gadolinium-free diagnosis prediction decision tree, which, until further validation, can be used alongside gadolinium-enhanced images to respect standard practice, despite this study showing that gadolinium-enhanced images hardly improved diagnostic accuracy.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gadolinium MeSH
• gliom * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• kontrastní látky * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• nádory mozku * diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• rozhodovací stromy * MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stupeň nádoru * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

IMPORTANCE: Baseline cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and APOE ε4 allele copy number are important risk factors for amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) receiving therapies to lower amyloid-β plaque levels. OBJECTIVE: To provide prevalence estimates of any, no more than 4, or fewer than 2 CMBs in association with amyloid status, APOE ε4 copy number, and age. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cross-sectional study used data included in the Amyloid Biomarker Study data pooling initiative (January 1, 2012, to the present [data collection is ongoing]). Data from 15 research and memory clinic studies were pooled and harmonized. Participants included individuals for whom data on age, cognitive status, amyloid status, and presence of CMBs were available. Data were analyzed from October 22, 2023, to April 26, 2024. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The main outcomes were age, cognitive status, amyloid status and presence, location, and number of CMBs. Presence of amyloid pathology was determined based on 42 amino acid-long form of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ42) levels in cerebrospinal fluid or on amyloid-positron emission tomography. Presence and, in a subset, location (lobar vs deep) and number of CMBs were determined on magnetic resonance imaging (locally with visual rating). RESULTS: Among 4080 participants included in the analysis, the mean (SD) age was 66.5 (8.9) years, and 2241 (54.9%) were female. A total of 2973 participants had no cognitive impairment (cognitive unimpairment [CU]), and 1107 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD dementia (ADD). One thousand five hundred and thirteen participants (37.1%) had amyloid pathology, 1368 of 3599 (38.0%) with data available were APOE ε4 carriers, and 648 (15.9%) had CMBs. In the CU group, amyloid pathology and APOE ε4 copy number were not associated with presence of any, no more than 4, or fewer than 2 CMBs but were associated with increased odds of lobar CMBs (odds ratio [OR] for amyloid, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.20-1.69], P < .001; OR for 2 vs 0 alleles, 1.81 [95% CI, 1.19-2.74], P = .006; OR for 1 vs 0 alleles, 1.10 [95% CI, 0.83-1.46], P = .49; and OR for 2 vs 1 allele, 1.64 [95% CI, 0.90-2.97], P = .11; overall P = .02). In the MCI-ADD group, amyloid pathology was associated with presence of any CMBs (OR, 1.51 [95% CI, 1.17-1.96], P = .002), no more than 4 CMBs (OR, 1.44 [95% CI, 1.18-1.82], P = .002), and fewer than 2 CMBs (OR 1.34 [95% CI, 1.03-1.74], P = .03) but not lobar CMBs. APOE ε4 copy number was associated with presence of any (OR for 2 vs 0 alleles, 1.72 [95% CI, 0.88-3.35], P = .11; OR for 1 vs 0 alleles, 0.78 [95% CI, 0.59-1.04], P = .09; and OR for 2 vs 1 allele, 2.20 [95% CI, 1.32-3.67], P = .002; overall P < .001) and no more than 4 CMBs (OR for 2 vs 0 alleles, 1.31 [95% CI, 0.64-2.68], P = .45; OR for 1 vs 0 alleles, 0.75 [95% CI, 0.54-1.04], P = .08; and OR for 2 vs 1 allele, 1.76 [95% CI, 0.97-3.19], P = .06; overall P = .03) but not with fewer than 2 or lobar CMBs. Prevalence estimates of CMBs ranged from 6% at 50 years of age in a non-APOE ε4 allele carrier with no amyloid pathology and no cognitive impairment to 52% at 90 years of age in an APOE ε4 homozygote carrier with amyloid pathology and cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cross-sectional study of 4080 participants, prevalence estimates of CMBs were associated with amyloid status, APOE ε4 copy number, and age. CMB prevalence estimates may help inform safety evaluations for antiamyloid clinical trials.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * epidemiologie   genetika   MeSH
• amyloidní beta-protein * metabolismus   mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• amyloidní plaky patologie   MeSH
• apolipoprotein E4 genetika   MeSH
• biologické markery * mozkomíšní mok   MeSH
• cerebrální krvácení * epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• pozitronová emisní tomografie MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION: Sex influences neurodegeneration, but it has been poorly investigated in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We investigated sex differences in brain atrophy in DLB using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS: We included 436 patients from the European-DLB consortium and the Mayo Clinic. Sex differences and sex-by-age interactions were assessed through visual atrophy rating scales (n = 327; 73 ± 8 years, 62% males) and automated estimations of regional gray matter volume and cortical thickness (n = 165; 69 ± 9 years, 72% males). RESULTS: We found a higher likelihood of frontal atrophy and smaller volumes in six cortical regions in males and thinner olfactory cortices in females. There were significant sex-by-age interactions in volume (six regions) and cortical thickness (seven regions) across the entire cortex. DISCUSSION: We demonstrate that males have more widespread cortical atrophy at younger ages, but differences tend to disappear with increasing age, with males and females converging around the age of 75. HIGHLIGHTS: Male DLB patients had higher odds for frontal atrophy on radiological visual rating scales. Male DLB patients displayed a widespread pattern of cortical gray matter alterations on automated methods. Sex differences in gray matter measures in DLB tended to disappear with increasing age.

• MeSH
• Alzheimerova nemoc * patologie   MeSH
• atrofie patologie   MeSH
• demence s Lewyho tělísky * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• mozková kůra patologie   MeSH
• pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Disentangling brain aging from disease-related neurodegeneration in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is increasingly topical. The brain-age paradigm offers a window into this problem but may miss disease-specific effects. In this study, we investigated whether a disease-specific model might complement the brain-age gap (BAG) by capturing aspects unique to MS. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we collected 3D T1-weighted brain MRI scans of PwMS to build (1) a cross-sectional multicentric cohort for age and disease duration (DD) modeling and (2) a longitudinal single-center cohort of patients with early MS as a clinical use case. We trained and evaluated a 3D DenseNet architecture to predict DD from minimally preprocessed images while age predictions were obtained with the DeepBrainNet model. The brain-predicted DD gap (the difference between predicted and actual duration) was proposed as a DD-adjusted global measure of MS-specific brain damage. Model predictions were scrutinized to assess the influence of lesions and brain volumes while the DD gap was biologically and clinically validated within a linear model framework assessing its relationship with BAG and physical disability measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). RESULTS: We gathered MRI scans of 4,392 PwMS (69.7% female, age: 42.8 ± 10.6 years, DD: 11.4 ± 9.3 years) from 15 centers while the early MS cohort included 749 sessions from 252 patients (64.7% female, age: 34.5 ± 8.3 years, DD: 0.7 ± 1.2 years). Our model predicted DD better than chance (mean absolute error = 5.63 years, R2 = 0.34) and was nearly orthogonal to the brain-age model (correlation between DD and BAGs: r = 0.06 [0.00-0.13], p = 0.07). Predictions were influenced by distributed variations in brain volume and, unlike brain-predicted age, were sensitive to MS lesions (difference between unfilled and filled scans: 0.55 years [0.51-0.59], p < 0.001). DD gap significantly explained EDSS changes (B = 0.060 [0.038-0.082], p < 0.001), adding to BAG (ΔR2 = 0.012, p < 0.001). Longitudinally, increasing DD gap was associated with greater annualized EDSS change (r = 0.50 [0.39-0.60], p < 0.001), with an incremental contribution in explaining disability worsening compared with changes in BAG alone (ΔR2 = 0.064, p < 0.001). DISCUSSION: The brain-predicted DD gap is sensitive to MS-related lesions and brain atrophy, adds to the brain-age paradigm in explaining physical disability both cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and may be used as an MS-specific biomarker of disease severity and progression.

• MeSH
• deep learning * MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• longitudinální studie MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * MeSH
• mozek * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• neurodegenerativní nemoci diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• stárnutí * patologie   fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To develop and test a decision tree for predicting contrast enhancement quality and shape using precontrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences in a large adult-type diffuse glioma cohort. METHODS: Preoperative MRI scans (development/optimization/test sets: n = 31/38/303, male = 17/22/189, mean age = 52/59/56.7 years, high-grade glioma = 22/33/249) were retrospectively evaluated, including pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery, and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences. Enhancement prediction decision tree (EPDT) was developed using development and optimization sets, incorporating four imaging features: necrosis, diffusion restriction, T2 inhomogeneity, and nonenhancing tumor margins. EPDT accuracy was assessed on a test set by three raters of variable experience. True enhancement features (gold standard) were evaluated using pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted images. Statistical analysis used confusion matrices, Cohen's/Fleiss' kappa, and Kendall's W. Significance threshold was p < .05. RESULTS: Raters 1, 2, and 3 achieved overall accuracies of .86 (95% confidence interval [CI]: .81-.90), .89 (95% CI: .85-.92), and .92 (95% CI: .89-.95), respectively, in predicting enhancement quality (marked, mild, or no enhancement). Regarding shape, defined as the thickness of enhancing margin (solid, rim, or no enhancement), accuracies were .84 (95% CI: .79-.88), .88 (95% CI: .84-.92), and .89 (95% CI: .85-.92). Intrarater intergroup agreement comparing predicted and true enhancement features consistently reached substantial levels (≥.68 [95% CI: .61-.75]). Interrater comparison showed at least moderate agreement (group: ≥.42 [95% CI: .36-.48], pairwise: ≥.61 [95% CI: .50-.72]). Among the imaging features in the EPDT, necrosis assessment displayed the highest intra- and interrater consistency (≥.80 [95% CI: .73-.88]). CONCLUSION: The proposed EPDT has high accuracy in predicting enhancement patterns of gliomas irrespective of rater experience.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• gadolinium MeSH
• gliom * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• kontrastní látky * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• nádory mozku * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• rozhodovací stromy MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• senzitivita a specificita MeSH
• vylepšení obrazu metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Visually Accessible Rembrandt (Repository for Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data) Images (VASARI) features, a vocabulary to establish reproducible terminology for glioma reporting, have been applied for a decade, but a systematic performance evaluation is lacking. PURPOSE: Our aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance of the VASARI features set for glioma assessment. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were systematically searched until September 26, 2023. STUDY SELECTION: Original articles predicting diagnosis, progression, and survival in patients with glioma were included. DATA ANALYSIS: The modified Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was applied to evaluate the risk-of-bias. The meta-analysis used a random effects model and forest plot visualizations, if ≥5 comparable studies with a low or medium risk of bias were provided. DATA SYNTHESIS: Thirty-five studies (3304 patients) were included. Risk-of-bias scores were medium (n = 33) and low (n = 2). Recurring objectives were overall survival (n = 18) and isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation (IDH; n = 12) prediction. Progression-free survival was examined in 7 studies. In 4 studies (glioblastoma n = 2, grade 2/3 glioma n = 1, grade 3 glioma n = 1), a significant association was found between progression-free survival and single VASARI features. The single features predicting overall survival with the highest pooled hazard ratios were multifocality (hazard ratio = 1.80; 95%-CI, 1.21-2.67; I2 = 53%), ependymal invasion (hazard ratio = 1.73; 95% CI, 1.45-2.05; I2 = 0%), and enhancing tumor crossing the midline (hazard ratio = 2.08; 95% CI, 1.35-3.18; I2 = 52%). IDH mutation-predicting models combining VASARI features rendered a pooled area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% CI, 0.76-0.88) at considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 100%). Combined input models using VASARI plus clinical and/or radiomics features outperformed single data-type models in all relevant studies (n = 17). LIMITATIONS: Studies were heterogeneously designed and often with a small sample size. Several studies used The Cancer Imaging Archive database, with likely overlapping cohorts. The meta-analysis for IDH was limited due to a high study heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS: Some VASARI features perform well in predicting overall survival and IDH mutation status, but combined models outperform single features. More studies with less heterogeneity are needed to increase the evidence level.

• MeSH
• gliom * diagnostické zobrazování   genetika   patologie   mortalita   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie MeSH
• nádory mozku * diagnostické zobrazování   genetika   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

BACKGROUND: Because secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) is associated with worse prognosis, early predictive tools are needed. We aimed to use systematic literature review and advanced methods to create and validate a clinical tool for estimating individual patient risk of transition to SPMS over five years. METHODS: Data from the Jacobs Multiple Sclerosis Center (JMSC) and the Multiple Sclerosis Center Amsterdam (MSCA) was collected between 1994 and 2022. Participants were relapsing-remitting adult patients at initial evaluation. We created the tool in four stages: (1) identification of candidate predictors from systematic literature review, (2) ordinal cutoff determination, (3) feature selection, (4) feature weighting. RESULTS: Patients in the development/internal-validation/external-validation datasets respectively (n = 787/n = 522/n = 877) had a median age of 44.1/42.4/36.6 and disease duration of 7.7/6.2/4.4 years. From these, 12.6 %/10.2 %/15.4 % converted to SPMS (median=4.9/5.2/5.0 years). The DAAE Score was named from included predictors: Disease duration, Age at disease onset, Age, EDSS. It ranges from 0 to 12 points, with risk groups of very-low=0-2, low=3-7, medium=8-9, and high≥10. Risk of transition to SPMS increased proportionally across these groups in development (2.7 %/7.4 %/18.8 %/40.2 %), internal-validation (2.9 %/6.8 %/26.8 %/36.5 %), and external-validation (7.5 %/9.6 %/22.4 %/37.5 %). CONCLUSION: The DAAE Score estimates individual patient risk of transition to SPMS consistently across datasets internationally using clinically-accessible data. With further validation, this tool could be used for clinical risk estimation.

• MeSH
• chronicko-progresivní roztroušená skleróza * diagnóza   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• progrese nemoci * MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza diagnóza   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• validační studie MeSH

Multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment intervention with immunomodulating therapy at early disease stage improves short term clinical outcomes. The objective of this study is to describe the long-term outcomes and healthcare utilization of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) included in the Betaferon®/Betaseron® in Newly Emerging MS for Initial Treatment (BENEFIT) randomized, parallel group trial. In BENEFIT patients were assigned to "early" IFNB-1b treatment or placebo ("delayed" treatment). After 2 years or conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis (CDMS), all patients were offered IFNB-1b and were reassessed 15 years later. Of 468 patients, 261 (55.8%) were enrolled into BENEFIT 15 (161 [55.1%] from the early, 100 [56.8%] from the delayed treatment arm). In the full BENEFIT analysis set, risk of conversion to CDMS remained lower in the early treatment group ( - 30.5%; hazard ratio 0.695 [95% CI, 0.547-0.883]; p = 0.0029) with a 15.7% lower risk of relapse than in the delayed treatment group (p = 0.1008). Overall, 25 patients (9.6%; 9.9% early, 9.0% delayed) converted to secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Disability remained low and stable with no significant difference between groups in Expanded Disability Status Scale score or MRI metrics. Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task-3 scores were better in the early treatment group (p = 0.0036 for treatment effect over 15 years). 66.3% of patients were still employed at Year 15 versus 74.7% at baseline. In conclusion, results 15 years from initial randomization support long-term benefits of early treatment with IFNB-1b.

• MeSH
• demyelinizační nemoci farmakoterapie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• interferon beta 1b * terapeutické užití   farmakologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

The identification of prognostic markers in early multiple sclerosis (MS) is challenging and requires reliable measures that robustly predict future disease trajectories. Ideally, such measures should make inferences at the individual level to inform clinical decisions. This study investigated the prognostic value of longitudinal structural networks to predict 5-year Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) progression in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS). We hypothesized that network measures, derived from MRI, outperform conventional MRI measurements at identifying patients at risk of developing disability progression. This longitudinal, multicentre study within the Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MS (MAGNIMS) network included 406 patients with RRMS (mean age = 35.7 ± 9.1 years) followed up for 5 years (mean follow-up = 5.0 ± 0.6 years). EDSS was determined to track disability accumulation. A group of 153 healthy subjects (mean age = 35.0 ± 10.1 years) with longitudinal MRI served as controls. All subjects underwent MRI at baseline and again 1 year after baseline. Grey matter atrophy over 1 year and white matter lesion load were determined. A single-subject brain network was reconstructed from T1-weighted scans based on grey matter atrophy measures derived from a statistical parameter mapping-based segmentation pipeline. Key topological measures, including network degree, global efficiency and transitivity, were calculated at single-subject level to quantify network properties related to EDSS progression. Areas under receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed for grey matter atrophy and white matter lesion load, and the network measures and comparisons between ROC curves were conducted. The applied network analyses differentiated patients with RRMS who experience EDSS progression over 5 years through lower values for network degree [H(2) = 30.0, P < 0.001] and global efficiency [H(2) = 31.3, P < 0.001] from healthy controls but also from patients without progression. For transitivity, the comparisons showed no difference between the groups [H(2) = 1.5, P = 0.474]. Most notably, changes in network degree and global efficiency were detected independent of disease activity in the first year. The described network reorganization in patients experiencing EDSS progression was evident in the absence of grey matter atrophy. Network degree and global efficiency measurements demonstrated superiority of network measures in the ROC analyses over grey matter atrophy and white matter lesion load in predicting EDSS worsening (all P-values < 0.05). Our findings provide evidence that grey matter network reorganization over 1 year discloses relevant information about subsequent clinical worsening in RRMS. Early grey matter restructuring towards lower network efficiency predicts disability accumulation and outperforms conventional MRI predictors.

• MeSH
• atrofie patologie   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie metody   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mozek diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• relabující-remitující roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• roztroušená skleróza * diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• šedá hmota diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Preoperative clinical MRI protocols for gliomas, brain tumors with dismal outcomes due to their infiltrative properties, still rely on conventional structural MRI, which does not deliver information on tumor genotype and is limited in the delineation of diffuse gliomas. The GliMR COST action wants to raise awareness about the state of the art of advanced MRI techniques in gliomas and their possible clinical translation. This review describes current methods, limits, and applications of advanced MRI for the preoperative assessment of glioma, summarizing the level of clinical validation of different techniques. In this second part, we review magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), MRI-PET, MR elastography (MRE), and MR-based radiomics applications. The first part of this review addresses dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, arterial spin labeling (ASL), diffusion-weighted MRI, vessel imaging, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF). EVIDENCE LEVEL: 3. TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.

• MeSH
• gliom * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• kontrastní látky MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční spektroskopie metody   MeSH
• magnetická rezonanční tomografie * metody   MeSH
• nádory mozku * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• předoperační období MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH