V projektu bude sledována antimutagenní a imunomodulační aktivita látek rostliného původu vůči karcinogenům pomocí Amesova testu, mikronukleus testu, testu SSB DNA, chemiluminiscenčního testu a testu blastické transformace.; Anti-mutagenic and immunomodulatory activity of substances of plant origin against carcinogens will be investigated in the project using the Ames test, micronucleus test, SSB DNA test, chemiluminescence test, and blast transformation test.

• MeSH
• antimutagenní látky MeSH
• genistein škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• imunita MeSH
• kurkumin škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• mutageny MeSH
• potraviny toxicita   MeSH

• Konspekt
• Hygiena. Lidské zdraví
• NLK Obory
• onkologie
• environmentální vědy
• toxikologie
• nutriční terapie, dietoterapie a výživa
• NLK Publikační typ
• závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR

There is an increasing evidence that dietary phytochemicals may play important roles as chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents in prevention of many diseases, including tumors. The purpose of this study was to examine antimutagenic effects and effect on the immune response of representative series of substances which commonly occur in human diet. Using the Ames bacterial mutagenicity test and in vivo chemiluminescence test, we investigated antigenotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of juices and vegetable homogenates (carrot + cauliflower, cauliflower, red cabbage, broccoli, onion, garlic) on the genotoxicity of AFB1 and pyrolysates of aminoacids. Using the Ames test and in vivo micronucleus, the chemiluminescence test, the blastic transformation test and the comet assay we examined antimutagenic effects of chemically identified chemoprotective substances in the pure form (resveratrol, diallylsulphide, phenethyl isothiocyanate, ellagic acid, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein and curcumin) on mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 2-amino-3-metylimidazo[4,5,-f] chinolin (IQ) and N-nitroso- N-metylurea (MNU) and effect of phytochemicals on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. All complete vegetable homogenates and substances of plant origin tested, showed a clear antimutagenic and immunomodulatory activities on mutagenicity and immunosuppression induced by reference mutagens. Only in the Ames test the effect of some phytochemicals against direct mutagen MNU was lower compared to indirect mutagens AFB1 and IQ. Similarly, resveratrol and epigallocatechin gallate had no inhibitory effect on mutagenicity MNU in the Ames test.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů účinky léků   MeSH
• antimutagenní látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• fyziologie výživy * MeSH
• mutace účinky léků   MeSH
• mutageny toxicita   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• myši MeSH
• nádory imunologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• testy genotoxicity MeSH
• vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
• zelenina * imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• myši MeSH
• zvířata MeSH

A wide array of antioxidative and anti-inflammatory substances derived from edible plants have been reported to possess chemopreventive and chemoprotective activities. Among the most extensively investigated and well-defined dietary chemopreventives is curcumin. Using the Ames test and in vivo micronucleus test, chemiluminescence test, blastic transformation test, and comet assay, we examined the antimutagenic effects of the chemically identified chemoprotective substance curcumin (diferuloylmethane) in the pure form on mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 2-amino-3-metylimidazo[4,5,-f] chinolin (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-metylurea (MNU), and the effect of curcumin on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. Curcumin in the pure form showed a clear antimutagenic and immunomodulatory activities on mutagenicity and immunosuppression induced by reference mutagens.

• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů genetika   MeSH
• antimutagenní látky analýza   MeSH
• imunologické techniky metody   MeSH
• kometový test MeSH
• kurkumin * analýza   metabolismus   MeSH
• luminiscenční měření MeSH
• myši MeSH
• Salmonella typhimurium MeSH
• testy karcinogenity * MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Konspekt
• Kuchařství. Potraviny. Vařená jídla

Green tea is the second-most consumed beverage in the world (water is the first one) and has been used medicinally for centuries in India and China. The active substances in the green tea are polyphenols (catechins) and flavonols which possess a potent antioxidant activity. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of the four major green tea catechins. Using the Ames test, micronucleus test, comet assay, chemiluminescence test, and blastic transformation test, we examined the antimutagenic effects of chemoprotective substance epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in the pure form on the mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] qui-noline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), and the effect of EGCG on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. Using the Ames test the dose dependent antimutagenic activity of EGCG was proved against indirect mutagens AFB1 and IQ, but not against the direct mutagen MNU. In the micronucleus test, EGCG had antimutagenic effect upon all three mutagens. EGCG decreased the level of DNA breaks induced by AFB1 in bone marrow cells and colon epithelium, and the level of DNA breaks induced by MNU in colon cells to the level found in control. The reparatory effect of EGCG on immunosupression induced by all three carcinogenic compounds was proved using chemiluminescence and blastic trasformation tests.

• Klíčová slova
• zelený čaj, epigalokatechin galát,
• MeSH
• aktivace lymfocytů MeSH
• antimutagenní látky * analýza   MeSH
• čaj * chemie   imunologie   MeSH
• katechin * analogy a deriváty   analýza   genetika   MeSH
• kometový test MeSH
• luminiscenční měření MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Konspekt
• Průmysl nápojů. Kvasný průmysl. Průmysl pochutin

A great variety of health benefits including the protection against breast and prostate cancers has been attributed to the soya consumption, because of the presence of soy beans isoflavones, genistein, and others. We investigated the antigenotoxic effect of genistein on the genotoxicity of three mutagens and carcinogens – aflatoxine B1 (AFB1), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), using the Ames bacterial mutagenicity test and the micronucleus test. In the Ames test on Salmonella typhimurium, a significant antimutagenic effect was determined against the indirect mutagen AFB1 in two strains, TA98 and TA100. However, the effect on the IQ indirect mutagenicity was more pronounced in the test with TA98 than with TA100. The mutagenicity of the direct mutagen MNU was suppressed by genistein only at its highest concentration used (300 µg/plate). The protective effect of genistein against all three mutagens was proved in the micronucleus test as the treatment of mice with the combinations of genistein and mutagens resulted in a significant reduction of the number of micronuclei in comparison with the number of micronuclei induced by the individual mutagens alone.

• Klíčová slova
• chemoprevence, rakovina prsu, rakovina prostaty,
• MeSH
• aflatoxin B1 škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• antimutagenní látky analýza   chemie   MeSH
• chemoprofylaxe MeSH
• flavonoidy farmakokinetika   genetika   MeSH
• fytoestrogeny analýza   MeSH
• genistein * farmakokinetika   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• mikrojaderné testy MeSH
• modulátory estrogenních receptorů MeSH
• mutageny analýza   MeSH
• myši inbrední BALB C MeSH
• testy genotoxicity MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

• Konspekt
• Obecná biologie
• Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie