3D printed electrodes
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Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offers attractive possibilities for many fields. In electrochemistry, 3D printing technology has been used to fabricate customized 3D-printed electrodes as a platform to develop bio/sensing, energy generation and storage devices. Here, we use a 3D-printed graphene/polylactic (PLA) electrode made by additive manufacturing technology and immobilize horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to create a direct electron transfer enzyme-based biosensors for hydrogen peroxide detection. Gold nanoparticles are included in the system to confirm and facilitate heterogeneous electron transfer. This work opens a new direction for the fabrication of third-generation electrochemical biosensors using 3D printing technology, with implications for applications in the environmental and biomedical fields.
This study presents a proof of principle concept for a two-dimensional bioprinted glucose sensor on Petri dishes that allows for glucose measurements in cell culture medium. To improve bioink adhesion, the polystyrene surfaces of standard Petri dishes are activated with argon plasma, which increases roughness and hydrophilicity. The bioink containing the sensor chemistry - namely fluorescently labeled ConA/Dextran embedded in alginate microbeads - was printed on the activated Petri dishes with an extrusion-based bioprinter. The printed sensor showed good stability and adhesive properties on polystyrene. The glucose concentration was examined using a standard fluorescence microscope with filters adapted to the emission wavelength of the donor and reference dyes. The printed glucose sensor showed high sensitivity and good linearity in a physiologically relevant range of glucose concentrations.
This manuscript investigates the chemical and structural stability of 3D printing materials (3DPMs) frequently used in electrochemistry. Four 3D printing materials were studied: Clear photopolymer, Elastic photopolymer, PET filament, and PLA filament. Their stability, solubility, structural changes, flexibility, hardness, and color changes were investigated after exposure to selected organic solvents and supporting electrolytes. Furthermore, the available potential windows and behavior of redox probes in selected supporting electrolytes were investigated before and after the exposure of the 3D-printed objects to the electrolytes at various working electrodes. Possible electrochemically active interferences with an origin from the 3DPMs were also monitored to provide a comprehensive outline for the use of 3DPMs in electrochemical platform manufacturing.
- MeSH
- 3D tisk * MeSH
- elektrochemie MeSH
- elektrody MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
There is a rapidly growing interest in low-cost, fast and sensitive biosensors. In particular, direct determination of important metabolites, serving as biomarkers of various pathological states can significantly enhance the treatment successes. In our study, we introduce a technical concept of a 3D printed biosensor, which employs polydimethylsiloxane chip with volume of 50 µL as an inert and optically clear reservoir for recognition element and fluorescence detection. By using a 3D printing technology, low production cost and high crafting reproducibility were achieved. Due to a presence of controlled electromagnet, the biosensor can be utilized for a broad spectrum of applications, based on paramagnetic nano- or microscaled materials.
Simple analytical devices suitable for the analysis of various biochemical and immunechemical markers are highly desirable and can provide laboratory diagnoses outside standard hospitals. This study focuses on constructing an easily reproducible do-it-yourself ELISA plate reader biosensor device, assembled from generally available and inexpensive parts. The colorimetric biosensor was based on standard 96-well microplates, 3D-printed parts, and a smartphone camera as a detector was utilized here as a tool to replace the ELISA method, and its function was illustrated in the assay of TNFα as a model immunochemical marker. The assay provided a limit of detection of 19 pg/mL when the B channel of the RGB color model was used for calibration. The assay was well correlated with the ELISA method, and no significant matrix effect was observed for standard biological samples or interference of proteins expected in a sample. The results of this study will inform the development of simple analytical devices easily reproducible by 3D printing and found on generally available electronics.
- MeSH
- 3D tisk * MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky * MeSH
- ELISA * MeSH
- kolorimetrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- TNF-alfa * analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Currently, metallothioneins (MTs) are extensively investigated as the molecular biomarkers and the significant positive association of the MT amount was observed in tumorous versus healthy tissue of various types of malignant tumors, including head and neck cancer. Thus, we proposed a biosensor with fluorescence detection, comprising paramagnetic nanoparticles (nanomaghemite core with gold nanoparticles containing shell) for the magnetic separation of MT, based on affinity of its sulfhydryl groups toward gold. Biosensor was crafted from PDMS combined with technology of 3D printing and contained reservoir with volume of 50 μL linked to input (sample/detection components and washing/immunobuffer) and output (waste). For the immunolabeling of immobilized MT anti-MT antibodies conjugated to CdTe quantum dots through synthetic heptapeptide were employed. After optimization of fundamental conditions of the immunolabeling (120 min, 20°C, and 1250 rpm) we performed it on a surface of paramagnetic nanoparticles in the biosensor reservoir, with evaluation of fluorescence of quantum dots (λexc 400 nm, and λem 555 nm). The developed biosensor was applied for quantification of MT in cell lines derived from spinocellular carcinoma (cell line 122P-N) and fibroblasts (122P-F) and levels of the biomarker were found to be about 90 nM in tumor cells and 37 nM in fibroblasts. The proposed system is able to work with low volumes (< 100 μL), with low acquisition costs and high portability.
- MeSH
- 3D tisk * MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky MeSH
- dimethylpolysiloxany chemie MeSH
- fluorescence MeSH
- kovové nanočástice MeSH
- kvantové tečky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- magnetismus MeSH
- metalothionein analýza MeSH
- nádorové buněčné linie MeSH
- nádory patologie MeSH
- sloučeniny kadmia chemie MeSH
- telur chemie MeSH
- zlato chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In this study, we report a new three-dimensional (3D), bead-based microfluidic chip developed for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of influenza hemagglutinin. The principle of microfluidic chip is based on implementation of two-step procedure that includes isolation based on paramagnetic beads and electrochemical detection. As a platform for isolation process, streptavidin-modified MPs, which were conjugated via biotinylated glycan (through streptavidin-biotin affinity) followed by linkage of hemagglutinin to glycan, were used. Vaccine hemagglutinin (HA vaxi) was labeled with CdS quantum dots (QDs) at first. Detection of the isolation product by voltammetry was the end point of the procedure. The suggested and developed method can be used also for detection of other specific substances that are important for control, diagnosis or therapy of infectious diseases.
- MeSH
- Betainfluenzavirus izolace a purifikace MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- design vybavení MeSH
- hemaglutininy virové izolace a purifikace MeSH
- infekce viry z čeledi Orthomyxoviridae virologie MeSH
- kvantové tečky chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrofluidní analytické techniky přístrojové vybavení MeSH
- Orthomyxoviridae izolace a purifikace MeSH
- sloučeniny kadmia chemie MeSH
- sloučeniny selenu chemie MeSH
- vakcíny proti chřipce analýza MeSH
- virus chřipky A, podtyp H1N1 izolace a purifikace MeSH
- virus chřipky A, podtyp H3N2 izolace a purifikace MeSH
- virus chřipky A izolace a purifikace MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to create a 3D printing material with bioactive properties that potentially could be used for a transparent removable orthodontic appliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To acrylic monomers, four bioactive glasses at 10% concentration were added, which release Ca, P, Si and F ions. The materials were printed on a 3D printer and tested for flexural strength (24 h and 30 days), sorption and solubility (7 days), ion release to artificial saliva pH = 4 and 7 (42 days) and cytotoxicity in the human fibroblast model. The released ions were determined by plasma spectrometry (Ca, P and Si ions) and ion-selective electrode (F measurement)s. RESULTS: The material obtained released Ca2+ and PO43- ions for a period of 42 days when using glass Biomin C at pH 4. The flexural strength depended on the direction in which the sample was printed relative to the 3D printer platform. Vertically printed samples had a resistance greater than 20%. The 10% Biomin C samples post-cured for 30 min with light had a survival rate of the cells after 72 h of 85%. CONCLUSIONS: Material for 3D printing with bioactive glass in its composition, which releases ions, can be used in the production of orthodontic aligners.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
A device with four parallel channels was designed and manufactured by 3D printing in titanium. A simple experimental setup allowed splitting of the mobile phase in four parallel streams, such that a single sample could be analysed four times simultaneously. The four capillary channels were filled with a monolithic stationary phase, prepared using a zwitterionic functional monomer in combination with various dimethacrylate cross-linkers. The resulting stationary phases were applicable in both reversed-phase and hydrophilic-interaction retention mechanisms. The mobile-phase composition was optimized by means of a window diagram so as to obtain the highest possible resolution of dopamine precursors and metabolites on all columns. Miniaturized electrochemical detectors with carbon fibres as working electrodes and silver micro-wires as reference electrodes were integrated in the device at the end of each column. Experimental separations were successfully compared with those predicted by a three-parameter retention model. Finally, dopamine was determined in human urine to further confirm applicability of the developed device.
Cíl: Přehledová práce poskytuje základní praktické informace o využití biosenzorů v rychlé diagnostice virových patogenů. Výsledky: Viry díky evolučním změnám v genomu přeskakují do lidské populace, u níž vyvolávají závažné epidemie. Rychlé diagnostické nástroje POCT založené na biosenzorech umožní jejich rozpoznání pro potřeby klinické diagnostiky mimo specializované laboratoře. Kombinace těchto zařízení s technikami 3D tisku, mikrofluidních systémů, nanotechnologie a elektrochemické detekce výrazně zvyšuje využitelnost biosenzorů v laboratorní medicíně. Intenzivní nanomedicínský výzkum probíhá u celé řady virů, např. HIV, ebola, chřipka a viry hepatitid. V souvislosti s celosvětovou pandemií covid-19 se v současné době vývoj nanobiosenzorů ubírá především směrem k detekci SARS-CoV-2. Závěr: Dostupná literární data naznačují, že rychlé senzory a biosenzory mají značný klinický potenciál pro využití v POCT.
Aim: The review provides basic practical information about the use of biosensors in the rapid diagnosis of viral pathogens. Results: Thanks to evolutionary changes in the genome, viruses jump into the human population, where they cause serious epidemics. Rapid POCT diagnostic tools based on biosensors will enable their use for clinical diagnosis needs outside of specialized laboratories. The combination of these devices with the techniques of 3D printing, microfluidic systems, nanotechnology and electrochemical detection significantly increases the usability of biosensors. Intensive research is carried out on a wide range of viruses, e.g. HIV, Ebola, influenza, hepatitis viruses. In connection with the global covid-19 pandemic, the development of nanobiosensors is currently focused primarily on the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion: Available literature data suggest that fast sensors and biosensors have considerable clinical potential for the use in POCT.
- MeSH
- biosenzitivní techniky * MeSH
- DNA virů analýza MeSH
- elektrochemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nanomedicína MeSH
- nanotechnologie MeSH
- point of care testing MeSH
- viry * izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
