Bioindicator
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Toxic metals (Hg, Cd, Pb) and fifteen perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were determined in different fish samples at two locations on the Elbe River in the Czech Republic. The muscle tissue of the two adult fish species most commonly used as bioindicators in central Europe and whole body homogenates of various species of young-of-the-year (YOY) fish were used. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential to replace adult fish muscle tissue with YOY fish for contamination monitoring. All of the toxic metals and five of the fifteen PFASs were found in the YOY fish samples while only mercury and PFOS were detected in the muscle tissue of adults. The concentration of total mercury (THg) in the YOY fish homogenates ranged between 0.014 and 0.062 μg g(-1). Of the spectrum of analysed pollutants, only the THg concentrations were lower in YOY fish homogenates than in adult muscle tissue. The cadmium concentration varied from 0.004 to 0.024 μg g(-1) and the lead concentration varied from 0.032 to 0.396 μg g(-1) in YOY fish homogenates, while in most of the adult samples, Cd and Pb were below the detection limit of the analytical methods employed. The PFOS concentrations in YOY fish homogenates were comparable to the concentrations frequently found in adult liver tissue. These results show that mixed shoals of YOY fish can be successfully used for aquatic bio-monitoring. Interspecific variability in the concentrations of the target pollutants in YOY fish whole body homogenates is usually lower than the intraspecific variability of the concentrations of the pollutants in adult fish muscle. YOY fish were found to be a suitable bioindicator and have several advantages compared to adult fish.
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu * MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí * MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- rtuť MeSH
- ryby MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
This study analyzed the impact of road transportation on the concentration of Zn, Ni, Pb, Co, and Cd in moss (Pleurozium schreberi). The study was carried out over five years near a national road running from the north to the east (Poland) in the area of Natura 2000 sites. Samples were collected at three significantly different locations: (1) near a sharp bend, (2) near a straight section of the road in a woodless area, and (3) in a slightly wooded area. At each location, moss samples were collected from sites situated 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 m from the road edge. The highest Zn and Cd contents in the moss were recorded 6 m from the road edge near a sharp bend (where vehicles brake sharply and accelerate suddenly). At the same location, at a distance of 2 m, the highest Pb concentration was noted, and at a distance of 4 m from the road, the highest Ni concentration was noted. The Co concentration in the moss was the highest near the woodless straight section at a distance of 2 and 12 m from the road. The concentrations of Zn, Pb, Ni, Co (only at the woodless location), and Cd (at all locations) were significantly and negatively correlated with distance from the road.
- MeSH
- bioindikátory * MeSH
- doprava * MeSH
- mechy chemie MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- těžké kovy chemie toxicita MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Polsko MeSH
Synthetic musk fragrances, which are contained in almost all scented consumer products, enter aquatic environment mainly by way of wastewater paths. To monitor contamination of the Vltava River by these relatively persistent chemicals in the surroundings of Prague industrialized agglomeration, chub (Leuciscus cephalus) was employed as a bioindicator. Validated gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method was used for fish sample examination. Polycyclic musks, represented by 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethyl-cyclopenta-(gamma)-2-benzopyran (galaxolide) and 1-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3,5,5,6,8,8-hexamethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-ethanone (tonalide) were the most abundant representatives of this group; their levels in fillets were in the range of 1.7 to 105.9 microg/kg and 0.9 to 19.3 microg/kg wet weight, respectively. Nitro-musks, musk ketone, and musk xylene were also detected in most samples; nevertheless, their levels were lower,
- MeSH
- chemické látky znečišťující vodu analýza MeSH
- Cyprinidae metabolismus MeSH
- ekosystém MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- kyseliny mastné mononenasycené analýza MeSH
- monitorování životního prostředí metody MeSH
- parfém analýza MeSH
- plynová chromatografie s hmotnostně spektrometrickou detekcí MeSH
- řeky chemie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- MeSH
- agregace trombocytů MeSH
- Aspirin aplikace a dávkování farmakologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- inhibitory cyklooxygenasy farmakologie metabolismus MeSH
- klinické laboratorní techniky přístrojové vybavení statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- koronární nemoc farmakoterapie MeSH
- léková rezistence fyziologie genetika MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- propylgalan diagnostické užití MeSH
- titrace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
Bioindication has become an indispensable part of water quality monitoring in most countries of the world, with the presence and abundance of bioindicator taxa, mostly multicellular eukaryotes, used for biotic indices. In contrast, microbes (bacteria, archaea and protists) are seldom used as bioindicators in routine assessments, although they have been recognized for their importance in environmental processes. Recently, the use of molecular methods has revealed unexpected diversity within known functional groups and novel metabolic pathways that are particularly important in energy and nutrient cycling. In various habitats, microbial communities respond to eutrophication, metals, and natural or anthropogenic organic pollutants through changes in diversity and function. In this review, we evaluated the common trends in these changes, documenting that they have value as bioindicators and can be used not only for monitoring but also for improving our understanding of the major processes in lotic and lentic environments. Current knowledge provides a solid foundation for exploiting microbial taxa, community structures and diversity, as well as functional genes, in novel monitoring programs. These microbial community measures can also be combined into biotic indices, improving the resolution of individual bioindicators. Here, we assess particular molecular approaches complemented by advanced bioinformatic analysis, as these are the most promising with respect to detailed bioindication value. We conclude that microbial community dynamics are a missing link important for our understanding of rapid changes in the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems, and should be addressed in the future environmental monitoring of freshwater ecosystems.
