BACKGROUND: Treatment options for people with haemophilia are evolving at a rapid pace and a range of prophylactic treatment options using various technologies are currently available, each with their own distinct safety and efficacy profile. TREATMENT GOALS: The access to replacement therapy and prophylaxis has driven a dramatic reduction in mortality and resultant increase in life expectancy. Beyond this, the abolition of bleeds and preservation of joint health represent the expected, but rarely attained, goals of haemophilia treatment and care. These outcomes also do not address the complexity of health-related quality of life impacted by haemophilia and its treatment. CONCLUSION: Capitalizing on the major potential of therapeutic innovations, 'Normalization' of haemostasis, as a concept, should include the aspiration of enabling individuals to live as normal a life as possible, free from haemophilia-imposed limitations. To achieve this-being supported by the data reviewed in this manuscript-the concept of haemostatic and life Normalization needs to be explored and debated within the wider multidisciplinary teams and haemophilia community.
- MeSH
- Goals MeSH
- Hemophilia A * drug therapy therapy MeSH
- Hemostasis * drug effects MeSH
- Quality of Life MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Health Equity * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Review MeSH
... low- and middle income countries and high-income countries) to roll out an MCED test and promote equity ... ... in access -- Published online 8 February 2022 -- Development and Evaluation of Safety and Effectiveness ... ... Cancer Screening Tests for -- Routine Clinical Use With Applications to Multicancer Detection Technologies ... ... screening is a promising approach to improve the detection of preclinical disease, but current technologies ... ... is critical to optimize public health impact and health equity. ...
Cancer, ISSN 0008-543X Volume 128, issue S4, February 15, 2022
854-926 stran : ilustrace ; 28 cm
- MeSH
- Early Detection of Cancer MeSH
- Comorbidity MeSH
- Quality of Health Care MeSH
- International Cooperation MeSH
- Neoplasms diagnosis MeSH
- Publication type
- Collected Work MeSH
- Conspectus
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NML Fields
- onkologie
- NML Publication type
- brožury
BACKGROUND: It is known that the systems of pediatric diabetes care differ across the member states of the European Union (EU). The aim of this project was to characterize some of the main differences among the national systems. METHODS: Data were collected using two questionnaires. The first one was distributed among leading centers of pediatric diabetes (one per country) with the aim of establishing an overview of the systems, national policies, quality control (QC) and financing of pediatric diabetes care. Responses were received from all 27 EU countries. The second questionnaire was widely disseminated among all 354 International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes members with a domicile in an EU country; it included questions related to individual pediatric diabetes centers. A total of 108 datasets were collected and processed from healthcare professionals who were treating more than 29 000 children and adolescents with diabetes. Data on the reimbursement policies were verified by representatives of the pharmaceutical and medical device companies. RESULTS: The collected data reflect the situation in 2009. There was a notable heterogeneity among the systems for provision of pediatric diabetes care across the EU. Only 20/27 EU countries had a pediatric diabetes register. Nineteen countries had officially recognized centers for pediatric diabetes, but only nine of them had defined criteria for becoming such a center. A system for QC of pediatric diabetes at the national level was reported in 7/26 countries. Reimbursement for treatment varied significantly across the EU, potentially causing inequalities in access to modern technologies. CONCLUSIONS: The collected data help develop strategies toward improving equity and access to modern pediatric diabetes care across Europe.
- MeSH
- Diabetes Mellitus epidemiology mortality therapy MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Endocrinology methods organization & administration standards MeSH
- European Union organization & administration statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Internationality MeSH
- Quality of Health Care MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Pediatrics methods organization & administration standards MeSH
- Delivery of Health Care * methods organization & administration standards MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Reference Standards MeSH
- Education, Medical methods organization & administration MeSH
- Health Personnel standards statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Geography MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Evaluation Study MeSH
- Multicenter Study MeSH
... specific school settings 12 -- 3.6 Assessment and planning 13 -- 3.7 Phased improvements 14 -- 3.8 Technology ...
ix, 55 s. : tab. ; 25 cm
Cílem tohoto článku je reflektovat logiku přístupů OECD k diskusi zdravotní politiky z pohledu etických dimenzí. Jde o syntetický pohled na aktivity OECD v oblasti zdravotní politiky při aplikaci teoretického konceptu etických dimenzí. Hlavními použitými metodami jsou metody analýzy veřejné politiky - zejména analýza dokumentů, metoda analýzy vybraných událostí veřejné politiky, analýza aktérů. Integrující myšlenkou přístupu OECD k diskusi zdravotní politiky je orientace na problematiku hledání cest dlouhodobé udržitelnosti zvyšováním efektivnosti, účinnosti a kvality produkce zdravotnických služeb. Nejvýznamnějším projektem OECD zabývajícím se zdravotnictvím byl "Health Project", který probíhal v letech 2001-2004. Health Project se soustředil na měření a analýzu produkce systémů zdravotní péče v členských zemích a na analýzu faktorů ovlivňujících produkci. Hlavními tématy aktivit OECD v oblasti zdravotní politiky jsou reformy zdravotnických systémů, kvalita péče, soukromé zdravotní pojištění, dlouhodobá zdravotní péče, čekací doby, zdravotnické technologie, lidské zdroje ve zdravotnictví, rovný přístup ke zdravotní péči, koordinace péče, cenotvorba léčiv a ekonomie prevence.Význam aktivit OECD v kontextu etických dimenzí zdravotní politiky spočívá především v reflexi kauzálních vztahů, rizik a důsledků vývoje zdravotní politiky.Tato úloha OECD se stává stále významnější a potřebnější v souvislosti se současnými vývojovými trendy ve zdravotnictví. Tím, že OECD přispívá k tvorbě "evidence-based" poznatkové základny pro tvorbu zdravotní politiky, poskytuje etické argumenty pro tvorbu efektivní a účelné zdravotní politiky. Přestože se OECD explicitně oblasti etiky nevěnuje, právě důraz OECD na dlouhodobou udržitelnost zvyšováním efektivnosti, účinnosti a kvality produkce zdravotnických služeb představuje etický přístup k diskusi zdravotní politiky ve smyslu odpovědného jednání a celospolečenské legitimity.
The objective of this study is to reflect the logic of OECD approach to health policy discussion in the context of ethical dimensions. It is a synthetic view of OECD work on health policy by using theoretical concept of ethics. The main methods used in this study are methods of public policy analysis - first of all method of document analysis, method of selected events analysis and policy network analysis. Between 2001 and 2004, the OECD carried out the Health Project focused on measuring, analyzing and improving the performance of health systems in OECD countries. It involved analysis of various factors affecting performance.The central topics for OECD work on heath policy are health system's reforms, quality of health care, private health insurance,long-term care policies, waiting times, health related technologies, human resources for health care, equity of access to health care,coordination of health care, pharmaceutical pricing policy and the economics of prevention. The meaning of OECD work on health policy in context of the ethical dimension consists in reflection of causal nexus, risks and consequences in health policy development. OECD contributes to creation of evidence-based knowledge for political decision-making thereby it provides ethical arguments for efficient health policy making. OECD pursues the issue of ethics not explicitly, but the emphasis on long-term sustainability through enforcing effectiveness, efficiency and quality of health care performance presents the ethical approach to health policy discussion in terms of all-society responsibility and legitimacy.
- MeSH
- International Agencies economics ethics organization & administration MeSH
- Privatization economics ethics trends MeSH
- National Health Programs ethics standards MeSH
- Health Care Reform ethics MeSH
- Health Services Administration ethics utilization MeSH
- Community Health Services economics trends MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Cílem tohoto článku je analyzovat a hodnotit organizačně právní postavení českých nemocnic a jeho vývoj v kontextu současných evropských a světových trendů vývoje nemocniční péče se zaměřením na syntézu těchto poznatků. Hlavními metodami použitými v práci jsou metody analýzy veřejné politiky - zejména metoda analýzy vybraných událostí veřejné politiky, morfologická analýza, analýza aktérů, modelování a analýza právního rámce. Nadnárodní vývojové trendy nemocniční péče jsou ovlivněny měnícími se faktory (demografické změny, změna skladby nemocí, změny rizikových faktorů, změny očekávání veřejnosti, technologické změny, politické a sociální změny). Současné vývojové trendy nemocničního sektoru směřují ke zvyšování autonomie nemocnic, korporatizaci, privatizaci veřejných nemocnic, zavádění prvků Public Private Partnership (PPP) a vzrůstající konkurenci. Tyto trendy jsou inspirované teoretickými koncepty New public management, neoklasickou ekonomií, monetarismem, chicagskou ekonomickou školou a liberální teorií spravedlnosti. To koresponduje se zájmy Světové obchodní organizace a postoji Světové banky. Na druhé straně aktéři jako OECD, Světová zdravotnická organizace a OSN rozvíjejí koncepty dlouhodobé udržitelnosti s důrazem na celkovou efektivitu a kvalitu produkce služeb. V České republice byly organizační změny nemocničního sektoru provedeny za nedostatečně rozvinutého právního rámce (především v oblasti zajištění kvality a odpovědnosti), často s převahou zjednodušujících tržně orientovaných konceptů. Globální a nadnárodní trendy vývoje nemocničního sektoru s sebou nesou rizika negativních sociálních důsledků - redukce kvality zdravotní péče v širším smyslu, zejména v parametrech ekvity a dostupnosti péče a zvyšování nákladů na péči. Tyto negativní důsledky mohou být eliminovány sledováním (formou veřejné správy a nezávislého výzkumu) důsledků tržně orientovaných reforem a vytvářením pevného institucionálního rámce pro nemocnice.
The aim of this article is to analyse the organizational and legal status of Czech hospitals in context of current European and supranational trends in the hospital sector with orientation to synthesis of these pieces of knowledge. The main methods used in this work are methods of public policy analysis - first of all method of selected events analysis, morphological analysis, policy network analysis, modelling and analysis of legal regulations. Supranational developmental trends of hospitals are affected by pressures for changes (demography, changing pattern of disease, changing risk factor, changing public expectation, changing technology and clinical knowledge and political and social changes). Current developmental trends of hospital sector lead to market style reform, autonomization, corporation, privatization of public hospitals, concept of Public Private Partnership (PPP) and extending competition. These trends are inspired by theoretical concepts of new public management, neoclassic economy, monetarism, Chicago school and liberalism justice theory. It corresponds with interests of WB and WTO. On the other side OECD, WHO, UN develop concepts of long-term sustainability through enforcing effectiveness, efficiency and quality of hospital performance. In the Czech Republic the reform organizational changes (decentralization, privatization) were made under insufficient legal framework (especially quality assurance and responsibility) and resulted in generally prevailing very simplified market oriented alternatives. Global and supranational developmental trends of hospital sector bring risks of negative social impact - reduction of health care quality in wider meaning, primarily in equity parameters and accessibility of health care, and cost escalation. Many of these negative consequences could be avoided by looking at (independent research) the impact of the marketizing reform and by creating institutional framework for hospitals.
- MeSH
- Economics, Hospital organization & administration trends legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- European Union MeSH
- Financing, Organized utilization MeSH
- Hospitals trends MeSH
- Health Care Reform economics trends MeSH
- Societies, Hospital organization & administration trends legislation & jurisprudence MeSH
- Systems Integration MeSH
- Legislation, Hospital economics organization & administration trends MeSH
- Health Policy trends MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
... Demographic change and population distribution 49 -- Changes in disease patterns 49 -- Medical technologies ... ... Information management 88 -- Centralization, decentralization and autonomy 90 -- Concluding remarks 93 -- Access ... ... and equity at high risk 93 -- The equity issues 94 -- Survey evidence 95 -- Concluding remarks 106 - ... ... Computing technology has advanced data capture and processing, but there is still much to be done to ... ... G Finances 134 -- H Information management 136 -- I Quality assessment and accreditation 137 -- J Equity ...
ix, 141 s. : il., tab. ; 30 cm
- MeSH
- Quality of Health Care MeSH
- Hospitals MeSH
- Delivery of Health Care MeSH
- Health Care Reform MeSH
- Socioeconomic Factors MeSH
- Health Planning MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- NML Publication type
- publikace WHO
- studie
... factors, 1990-199.3 and 2000-2003 22 -- Articles indexed in PubMed, 1950-1999 23 -- Global Internet access ... ... on research priority setting processes 71 -- Percentage of researchers by types of science and technology ... ... in selected Latin American countries 76 -- Proportion of women within each class of science and technology ... ... of employment in selected Latin American countries compared to the USA Percentage of science and technology ... ... Project 114 -- Box 4.6 Translating research findings into practice I 14 -- Box 4.7 Case study: the Equity ...
xvi, 146 s. : il., tab. ; 26 cm
- MeSH
- Global Health MeSH
- Delivery of Health Care utilization MeSH
- World Health Organization MeSH
- Health Services Research MeSH
- Health Systems Plans MeSH
- Health Policy MeSH
- Knowledge MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- lékařství
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- NML Publication type
- publikace WHO
... institution 25 -- (ii) Structure 25 -- (iii) Objective 26 -- (iv) Basic function 26 -- (v) Membership and accession ... ... ACCESS TO DRUGS AND VACCINES 87 -- (i) Many measures will make drug prices more affordable 88 -- (ii) ... ... for governmental services (\"carve-out\") 118 -- (vii) Trade liberalization as a risk to quality, equity ... ... Information technology 133 -- 3. Protection of traditional medicine knowledge 134 -- IV. ... ... to HIV/AIDS pharmaceuticals and medical technologies 104 -- Box 18 Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement ...
171 s. ; 34 cm
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- environmentální vědy
- NML Publication type
- publikace WHO
... versus Integrated Public Coverage: Trends in the Health Sector in Greece -- GR Health Inequalities and Equity ... ... -- Area 3.2.1 Technology Assessment and Evaluation -- Tsunetsugu MUNAKATA Francis ONUOHA -- Pascal POMMIER ... ... System Thinking Scenario Planning -- * Geoff ROYSTON UK System and scenario approaches to improving access ... ... Market Mechanisms Francisco YEPES COLMB Health Reform in Colombia: Structural Changes and 238 -- Equity ...
2 svazky (480, 384 stran) : ilustrace, tabulky ; 24 cm
- MeSH
- Delivery of Health Care organization & administration MeSH
- Health Services Administration MeSH
- Publication type
- Congress MeSH
- Collected Work MeSH
- Conspectus
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NML Fields
- management, organizace a řízení zdravotnictví
- veřejné zdravotnictví