Publikace se zaměřuje na terapii různých akutních stavů v neonatologii, zejména na resuscitaci a na aplikaci surfaktantu při syndromu dechové tísně. Určeno odborné veřejnosti.; Odborná monografie je věnována problematice oblasti péče o novorozence. Určena je převážně pro postgraduální studium v oborech pediatrie, neonatologie, praktické lékařství pro děti a dorost, intenzivní medicína, ošetřovatelství a porodní asistence.

• MeSH
• Pediatric Emergency Medicine MeSH
• Emergencies MeSH
• Neonatology MeSH
• Infant, Newborn MeSH
• Surface-Active Agents MeSH
• Resuscitation MeSH
• Practice Guidelines as Topic MeSH
• Respiratory Distress Syndrome MeSH
• Emergency Treatment MeSH
• Check Tag
• Infant, Newborn MeSH

• Conspectus
• Pediatrie
• NML Fields
• perinatologie a neonatologie
• urgentní lékařství
• NML Publication type
• kolektivní monografie

BACKGROUND: Chemical modifications in mRNAs, tRNAs, rRNAs, and non-coding RNAs stabilize these nucleic acids and regulate their function. In addition to regulating the translation of genetic information from mRNA to proteins, it has been revealed that modifications in RNAs regulate repair processes in the genome. METHODS: Using local laser microirradiation, confocal microscopy, dot blots, and mass spectrometry we studied the role of N7-methylguanosine (m7G), which is co-transcriptionally installed in RNA. RESULTS: Here, we show that after UVC and UVA irradiation, the level of m7G RNA is increased initially in the cytoplasm, and after local laser microirradiation, m7G RNA is highly abundant in UVA-damaged chromatin. This process is poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-dependent, but not accompanied by changes in the level of m7G-writers, including methyltransferases RNMT, METTL1, and WBSCR22. We also observed that METTL1 deficiency does not affect the recruitment of m7G RNA to microirradiated chromatin. Analyzing the levels of mRNA, let-7e, and miR-203a in both the cytoplasm and the cell nucleus, we revealed that UVC irradiation changed the level of mRNA, and significantly increased the pool of both let-7e and miR-203a, which correlated with radiation-induced m7G RNA increase in the cytoplasm. CONCLUSIONS: Irradiation by UV light increases the m7G RNA pool in the cytoplasm and in the microirradiated genome. Thus, epigenetically modified RNAslikely contribute to DNA damage responses or m7G signals the presence of RNA damage.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

With the arrival of the highly transmissible Omicron variants (BA.4 and BA.5), dentistry faces another seasonal challenge to preserve the biosafety of dental care and education. With the aim of protecting patients, students, teachers and healthcare professionals, this paper introduces a prospective sustainable biosafety setting for everyday dental care and education. The setting developed by dental clinicians, epidemiologists, and teachers of dentistry consists of a combination of modern technologies focused on the air-borne part of the viral pathway. The introduced biosafety setting has been clinically evaluated after 18 months of application in the real clinical environment. The protocol has three fundamental pillars: (1) UVC air disinfection; (2) air saturation with certified virucidal essences with nebulizing diffusers; (3) complementary solutions including telehealth and 3D printing. A pseudonymous online smart form was used as the evaluation method. The protocol operates on the premise that everybody is a hypothetical asymptomatic carrier. The results of a clinical evaluation of 115 patient feedbacks imply that no virus transmission from patient to patient or from doctor to nurse was observed or reported using this protocol, and vice versa, although nine patients retrospectively admitted that the clinic visit is likely to be infectious. Despite these promising results, a larger clinical sample and exposition to the current mutated strains are needed for reliable conclusions about protocol virucidal efficiency in current dental environments.

• MeSH
• COVID-19 * prevention & control   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Containment of Biohazards MeSH
• Prospective Studies MeSH
• Retrospective Studies MeSH
• SARS-CoV-2 * genetics   MeSH
• Dental Care MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

The current pandemic resulted in a rapidly increasing demand for personal protective equipment (PPE) initially leading to severe shortages of these items. Hence, during an unexpected and fast virus spread, the possibility of reusing highly efficient protective equipment could provide a viable solution for keeping both healthcare professionals and the general public equipped and protected. This requires an efficient decontamination technique that preserves functionality of the sensitive materials used for PPE production. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) is a decontamination technique with documented efficiency against select bacterial and fungal pathogens combined with low damage to exposed materials. We have investigated NTP for decontamination of high-efficiency P3 R filters from viral respiratory pathogens in comparison to other commonly used techniques. We show that NTP treatment completely inactivates SARS-CoV-2 and three other common human respiratory viruses including Influenza A, Rhinovirus and Adenovirus, revealing an efficiency comparable to 90°C dry heat or UVC light. Unlike some of the tested techniques (e.g., autoclaving), NTP neither influenced the filtering efficiency nor the microstructure of the filter. We demonstrate that NTP is a powerful and economic technology for efficient decontamination of protective filters and other sensitive materials from different respiratory pathogens.

• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH

BACKGROUND: The sun is a natural source of UV radiation. It can be divided into three bands, UVA (315-400 nm), UVB (280-315 nm) and UVC (100-280 nm), where the radiation up to 290 nm is very effectively eliminated by the stratospheric ozone. Although UV radiation can have a beneficial effect on our organism and can be used in the treatment of several skin diseases, it must primarily be considered harmful. METHODS: In the presented work, we focused on the study of the longer-wavelength UV components (UVA and UVB) on the human epidermal keratinocyte line HaCaT. As UVA and UVB radiation sources, we used commercially available UVA and UVB tubes from Philips (Philips, Amsterdam, The Netherlands), which are commonly employed in photochemotherapy. We compared their effects on cell viability and proliferation, changes in ROS production, mitochondrial function and the degree of DNA damage. RESULTS: Our results revealed that UVB irradiation, even with significantly lower irradiance, caused greater ROS production, depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential and greater DNA fragmentation, along with significantly lowering cell viability and proliferative capacity. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm that UV radiation causes severe damages in skin cells, and they need to be protected from it, or it needs to be applied more cautiously, especially if the component used is UVB.

• MeSH
• HaCaT Cells MeSH
• Keratinocytes * radiation effects   MeSH
• Skin MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• DNA Damage MeSH
• Ultraviolet Rays * adverse effects   classification   MeSH
• Cell Survival MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

This optimized protocol (including links to instruction videos) describes a comet-based in vitro DNA repair assay that is relatively simple, versatile, and inexpensive, enabling the detection of base and nucleotide excision repair activity. Protein extracts from samples are incubated with agarose-embedded substrate nucleoids ('naked' supercoiled DNA) containing specifically induced DNA lesions (e.g., resulting from oxidation, UVC radiation or benzo[a]pyrene-diol epoxide treatment). DNA incisions produced during the incubation reaction are quantified as strand breaks after electrophoresis, reflecting the extract's incision activity. The method has been applied in cell culture model systems, human biomonitoring and clinical investigations, and animal studies, using isolated blood cells and various solid tissues. Once extracts and substrates are prepared, the assay can be completed within 2 d.

• MeSH
• Cell Line MeSH
• Comet Assay methods   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• DNA Repair * MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

• MeSH
• COVID-19 complications   prevention & control   MeSH
• Disease Outbreaks prevention & control   MeSH
• Epidemics prevention & control   MeSH
• Patient Isolation methods   organization & administration   instrumentation   MeSH
• Infection Control methods   organization & administration   MeSH
• Coronavirus Infections complications   prevention & control   MeSH
• Environment, Controlled MeSH
• Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome therapy   MeSH
• Ventilation MeSH
• Water Supply MeSH
• Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services MeSH
• Publication type
• Handbook MeSH

• Conspectus
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NML Fields
• veřejné zdravotnictví
• infekční lékařství
• pneumologie a ftizeologie
• NML Publication type
• publikace WHO

A group of thirteen bacterial strains was isolated from rock samples collected in a deglaciated northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctica. The cells were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, catalase positive, and produced moderately slimy, ultraviolet light (UVC)-irradiation-resistant and red-pink pigmented colonies on R2A agar. A polyphasic taxonomic approach based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, extensive biotyping, fatty acid profile, chemotaxonomy analyses, and whole genome sequencing were applied in order to clarify the taxonomic position of these isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene indicated that all isolates constituted a coherent group belonging to the genus Hymenobacter. The closest relatives to the representative isolate P5136T were Hymenobacter psychrophilus BZ33rT and Hymenobacter rubripertinctus CCM 8852T, exhibiting 97.53% and 97.47% 16S rRNA pairwise similarity, respectively. Average nucleotide identity calculated from the whole-genome sequencing data supported the finding that P5136T represents a distinct Hymenobacter species. The major components in fatty acid profiles were Summed Feature 3 (C16:1ω7c/C16:1ω6c), C16:1ω5c, C15:0 iso and C15:0 anteiso. The cellular quinone content contained unanimously menaquinone MK-6 and MK-7 (ratio 1:5.1). The predominant polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine, and moderate to minor amounts of two unknown polar lipids, two unknown aminolipids, one unknown glycolipid and two unknown glycophospholipids were present. The G+C content of genomic DNAs is 60.31mol%. Based on all the obtained results, we propose a novel species for which the name Hymenobacter amundsenii sp. nov. is suggested, with the type strain P5136T (=CCM 8682T=LMG 29687T).

• MeSH
• Bacteroidetes chemistry   classification   genetics   physiology   MeSH
• Quinones analysis   MeSH
• DNA, Bacterial genetics   MeSH
• Species Specificity MeSH
• Phylogeny MeSH
• Genome, Bacterial genetics   MeSH
• Lipids analysis   MeSH
• Fatty Acids analysis   MeSH
• Pigmentation MeSH
• Soil Microbiology * MeSH
• RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics   MeSH
• Sequence Analysis, DNA MeSH
• Radiation Tolerance * MeSH
• Base Composition MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Antarctic Regions MeSH

The surface conditions on the Moon are extremely harsh with high doses of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation (26.8 W · m-2 UVC/UVB), wide temperature extremes (-171°C to 140°C), low pressure (10-10 Pa), and high levels of ionizing radiation. External spacecraft surfaces on the Moon are generally >100°C during daylight hours and can reach as high as 140°C at local noon. A Lunar Microbial Survival (LMS) model was developed that estimated (1) the total viable bioburden of all spacecraft landed on the Moon as ∼4.57 × 1010 microbial cells/spores at contact, (2) the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus subtilis spores to vacuum as approaching -2 logs per 2107 days, (3) the inactivation of spores on external surfaces due to concomitant low-pressure and high-temperature conditions as -6 logs per 8 h for local noon conditions, and (4) the ionizing radiation by solar wind particles as approaching -3 logs per lunation on external surfaces only. When the biocidal factors of solar UV, vacuum, high-temperature, and ionizing radiation were combined into an integrated LMS model, a -231 log reduction in viable bioburden was predicted for external spacecraft surfaces per lunation at the equator. Results indicate that external surfaces of landed or crashed spacecraft are unlikely to harbor viable spores after only one lunation, that shallow internal surfaces will be sterilized due to the interactive effects of vacuum and thermal cycling from solar irradiation, and that deep internal surfaces would be affected only by vacuum with a degradation rate of -0.02 logs per lunation.

• MeSH
• Bacillus subtilis physiology   radiation effects   MeSH
• Models, Biological * MeSH
• Spacecraft MeSH
• Cosmic Radiation adverse effects   MeSH
• Moon * MeSH
• Microbial Viability radiation effects   MeSH
• Extraterrestrial Environment MeSH
• Space Simulation methods   MeSH
• Spores, Bacterial physiology   radiation effects   MeSH
• Ultraviolet Rays adverse effects   MeSH
• Vacuum MeSH
• Hot Temperature MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

• Publication type
• Meeting Abstract MeSH