The study aimed to assess the potential of phyllospheric bacterial strains isolated from cauliflower plants as biocontrol agents against black rot disease caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, through both in vitro and in vivo evaluations. A total of 46 bacterial strains were isolated from healthy and infected cauliflower leaves of both resistant and susceptible plants, and evaluated them for various traits, including plant growth-promoting activities and in vitro antagonistic activity against Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Further, a pot experiment was conducted with the susceptible cauliflower genotype (Pusa Sharad) and 10 selected phyllospheric bacterial isolates to assess their biocontrol efficacy against the disease. The results showed that 82.60% of phyllospheric bacterial isolates were positive for phosphate solubilization, 63.04% for ammonia production, 58.69% for HCN production, 36.95% for siderophore production, and 78.26% had the capacity to produce IAA. Out of the 46 isolates, 23 exhibited in vitro antagonistic activity against X. campestris pv. campestris and 10 isolates were selected for a pot experiment under glasshouse conditions based on their good plant growth-promoting activities and antagonistic assay. The results revealed that bacterial isolate CFLB-27 exhibited the highest biocontrol efficiency (65.41%), followed by CFLB-24 (58.30%), CFLB-31 (47.11%), and CFLB-26 (46.03%). These four isolates were identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens CFLB-27, Bacillus velezensis CFLB-24, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CFLB-31, and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila CFLB-26. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of phyllospheric bacteria as an effective tool for disease management in sustainable agriculture.
- Klíčová slova
- Pseudomonas fluorescens CFLB-27, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, Biocontrol efficiency, Black rot, Phyllospheric bacterial isolates,
- MeSH
- antibióza * MeSH
- Bacteria klasifikace izolace a purifikace genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- biologická ochrana MeSH
- Brassica * mikrobiologie MeSH
- listy rostlin * mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci rostlin * mikrobiologie prevence a kontrola MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris * genetika růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologická ochrana MeSH
The newly discovered Xanthomonas phage M29 (Xp M29) is the first lytic phage infecting Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) that was isolated from cabbage leaves in the Czech Republic. The phage consists of icosahedral head approximately 60 nm in diameter and a probably contractile tail of 170 nm. The complete genome size was 42 891 bp, with a G + C content of 59.6%, and 69 ORFs were predicted on both strands. Pairwise nucleotide comparison showed the highest similarity with the recently described Xanthomonas phage FoX3 (91.2%). Bacteriophage Xp M29 has a narrow host range infecting 5 out of 21 isolates of Xcc. Xp M29 is a novel species in a newly formed genus Foxunavirus assigned directly to the class Caudoviricetes.
- Klíčová slova
- Bacteriophage, Biocontrol, Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris whole-genome sequence,
- MeSH
- bakteriofágy * genetika MeSH
- Myoviridae MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris * genetika MeSH
- Xanthomonas * genetika MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Employing aerobic fermentation, Gram-negative bacteria belonging to the genus Xanthomonas produce the high molecular weight natural heteropolysaccharide known as xanthan. It has various amounts of O-acetyl and pyruvyl residues together with D-glucosyl, D-mannosyl, and D-glucuronyl acid residues in a molar ratio of 2:2:1. The unique structure of xanthan allowed its various applications in a wide range of industries such as the food industry, pharmacology, cosmetics and enhanced oil recovery primarily in petroleum. The cultivation medium used in the manufacture of this biopolymer is critical. Many attempts have been undertaken to generate xanthan gum from agro-based and food industry wastes since producing xanthan gum from synthetic media is expensive. Optimal composition and processing parameters must also be considered to achieve an economically viable manufacturing process. There have been several attempts to adjust the nutrient content and feeding method, temperature, pH, agitation and the use of antifoam in xanthan fermentations. Various modifications in technological approaches have been applied to enhance its physicochemical properties which showed significant improvement in the area studied. This review describes the biosynthesis production of xanthan with an emphasis on the importance of the upstream processes involving medium, processing parameters, and other factors that significantly contributed to the final application of this precious polysaccharide.
- Klíčová slova
- Biosynthesis, Production, Xanthan, Xanthan applications, Xanthomonas sp,
- MeSH
- bakteriální polysacharidy MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris * metabolismus MeSH
- Xanthomonas * MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Názvy látek
- bakteriální polysacharidy MeSH
- xanthan gum MeSH Prohlížeč
Epigenetics is the study of heritable alterations in phenotypes that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. In the present study, we characterized the genetic and phenotypic alterations of the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) under different treatments with several epigenetic modulating chemicals. The use of DNA demethylating chemicals unambiguously caused a durable decrease in Xcc bacterial virulence, even after its reisolation from infected plants. The first-time use of chemicals to modify the activity of sirtuins also showed some noticeable results in terms of increasing bacterial virulence, but this effect was not typically stable. Changes in treated strains were also confirmed by using methylation sensitive amplification (MSAP), but with respect to registered SNPs induction, it was necessary to consider their contribution to the observed polymorphism. The molecular basis of the altered virulence was deciphered by using dualRNA-seq analysis of treated Xcc strains infecting Brassica rapa plants. The results of the present study should promote more intensive research in the generally understudied field of bacterial epigenetics, where artificially induced modification by epigenetic modulating chemicals can significantly increase the diversity of bacterial properties and potentially contribute to the further development of the fields, such as bacterial ecology and adaptation.
- Klíčová slova
- DNA methylation, Xanthomonas campestris, bacterial epigenetics, dual RNA-seq, virulence,
- MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Brassica rapa mikrobiologie MeSH
- epigeneze genetická účinky léků MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů farmakologie MeSH
- jednonukleotidový polymorfismus MeSH
- metylace DNA MeSH
- puriny farmakologie MeSH
- sirtuiny antagonisté a inhibitory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- virulence genetika MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris účinky léků genetika patogenita MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- bakteriální proteiny MeSH
- inhibitory enzymů MeSH
- lomeguatrib MeSH Prohlížeč
- puriny MeSH
- sirtuiny MeSH
Persteril 36 is a disinfectant with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. Because of its bactericidal, virucidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal effectiveness, it is used as a disinfectant against biological warfare agents in the emergency and army services. In case of an attack with potentially harmful biological agents, a person's gear or afflicted skin is sprayed with a diluted solution of Persteril 36 as a precaution. Subsequently, the remains of the biological agents are analyzed. However, the question remains concerning whether DNA can be successfully analyzed from Persteril 36-treated dead bacterial cells. Spore-forming Bacillus subtilis and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas campestris were splattered on a camouflage suit and treated with 2 or 0.2 % Persteril 36. After the disinfectant vaporized, the bacterial DNA was extracted and quantified by real-time PCR. A sufficient amount of DNA was recovered for downstream analysis only in the case of spore-forming B. subtilis treated with a 0.2 % solution of Persteril 36. The bacterial DNA was almost completely destroyed in Gram-negative bacteria or after treatment with the more concentrated solution in B. subtilis. This phenomenon can lead to false-negative results during the identification of harmful microorganisms.
- MeSH
- Bacillus subtilis genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- biologické bojové látky * MeSH
- dekontaminace metody MeSH
- dezinficiencia metabolismus MeSH
- diagnostické techniky molekulární metody MeSH
- DNA bakterií analýza izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- kvantitativní polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- kyselina peroctová metabolismus MeSH
- kyseliny sírové metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- peroxid vodíku metabolismus MeSH
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- teoretické modely MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické bojové látky * MeSH
- dezinficiencia MeSH
- DNA bakterií MeSH
- fixní kombinace léků MeSH
- kyselina peroctová MeSH
- kyseliny sírové MeSH
- peroxid vodíku MeSH
- Persteril MeSH Prohlížeč
In an attempt to obtain biological control agents for controlling bacterial spot of cucumber, over 250 bacterial strains were isolated from agricultural soil samples, collected from different localities in Giza Governorate (Egypt) and screened for in vitro antibiosis towards Xanthomonas campestris. Only 2 strains showed antagonistic activity. They and their culture filtrates restricted the growth of a number of G- and G(+)-indicator bacteria. On Chrome Azurol S agar, both strains exhibited a marked siderophore production. Biolog plates identified these strains as Rahnella aquatilis. Their characteristics were studied and compared with literature data on R. aquatilis. This antagonistic bacterium has not been previously isolated in Egypt.
- MeSH
- bakteriociny metabolismus MeSH
- Cucumis sativus mikrobiologie MeSH
- elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- půdní mikrobiologie * MeSH
- Rahnella klasifikace metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- siderofory metabolismus MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris růst a vývoj MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Egypt MeSH
- Názvy látek
- bakteriociny MeSH
- siderofory MeSH
Growth and kinetics of the production of exocellular polysaccharide was studied in a mutant strain of Xanthomonas campestris lac+ during cultivation in a submerged culture in a medium containing whey. The maximum production of the polymer was observed at the initial stage of the stationary growth phase of the culture. The mean production yield was about 1.4%. The results were comparable with those obtained during cultivation on a lactose medium.
- MeSH
- bakteriální polysacharidy biosyntéza MeSH
- fermentace MeSH
- kinetika MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- laktosa metabolismus MeSH
- mléko * MeSH
- mutace * MeSH
- Xanthomonas campestris genetika růst a vývoj metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- bakteriální polysacharidy MeSH
- kultivační média MeSH
- laktosa MeSH
