Daily mineral intake Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Non-traditional wild rice flakes were analysed for chemical composition, vitamin B compounds, α-tocopherol, mineral and trace elements. Dietary intakes of vitamins, minerals and trace elements were evaluated using FAO/WHO and Institute of Medicine regulations. Wild rice flakes proved to be significant contributors of pyridoxine, pantothenic and folic acids, niacin, thiamine, chromium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, zinc, copper, molybdenum and iron to essential dietary intakes values. Toxic dietary intake values for aluminium, cadmium, tin and mercury were less than 33%, which complies the limits for adults set by FAO/WHO for toxic elements intake related to the body weight of 65 kg for females and 80 kg for males taking 100 g of flakes as a portion. However, concentrations of Hg reaching between 3.67 and 12.20 µg/100 g in flakes exceeded the average Hg value of 0.27-1.90 μg/100 g in cereals consumed in the EU. It has to be respected in the future.
- Klíčová slova
- Daily intake, Mineral and trace elements, Vitamin, Wild rice flakes, Zizania aquatica L.,
- MeSH
- alfa-tokoferol analýza MeSH
- dieta MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály analýza MeSH
- rýže (rod) chemie metabolismus MeSH
- stopové prvky analýza MeSH
- těžké kovy analýza MeSH
- vitamin B komplex analýza MeSH
- vysokoúčinná kapalinová chromatografie MeSH
- výživová politika MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alfa-tokoferol MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- stopové prvky MeSH
- těžké kovy MeSH
- vitamin B komplex MeSH
Oštiepok is traditional half-fat semi-hard cheese manufactured in Slovak Republic. In this research, we have analyzed the content of macro-elements (calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium) and micro-elements (chromium, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, selenium, and zinc) in Oštiepok cheese samples collected from various parts of Slovak Republic. The analysis of Oštiepok cheese samples (n = 19) was carried out by using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The macro-element concentrations in the investigated samples varied quite significantly with the highest values recorded for sodium with its average concentration of 8083 mg kg-1. The second highest macro-element concentration was observed for calcium with the average concentration of 6850 mg kg-1. Average concentration of zinc was 23.2 mg kg-1; iron, 14.1 mg kg-1; and copper, 10.0 mg kg-1. The concentration of macro- and micro-elements varied from sample to sample, but we can conclude that the traditional Oštiepok cheese is a suitable source of some minerals important for human health. Based on the RDA, the exposure amounts of analyzed samples are low, and no element can be referred to as significant since none reaches 15% of the nutrient reference values, according to EC Regulation 1169/2011.
- Klíčová slova
- Cheese, Daily mineral intake, Elemental composition, Oštiepok, RDA,
- MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály chemie MeSH
- spektrofotometrie atomová MeSH
- stopové prvky analýza MeSH
- sýr analýza MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- minerály MeSH
- stopové prvky MeSH
This study analysed the contents of thirty-six mineral and trace elements in teff (Eragrostis tef L.) grains. What is more, dietary intakes were calculated. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to assess mineral and trace element contents. Consequently, the appropriate Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) or adequate intake (AI), and provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) or provisional tolerable monthly intake (PTMI) values for adults were determined according to the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) and Institute of Medicine (IOM) regulations. Teff is a significant contributor to RDAs and AIs for females in the following order: Mn > Cu > Zn ≥ Mg > Fe ≥ P and Ca. For males, teff contributes in the order, Mn > Cu > Fe > Zn ≥ P ≥ Mg > and Ca. The concentration of arsenic (65.9 µg/kg) in brown teff originating in Bolivia exceeded the average acceptable value set by Reg. No. 1881 of 6-50 µg/kg in cereals consumed in the EU. The PTWIs or PTMIs for Al, Cd, Sn and Hg were all under 7%, which is below the limits of toxic element intake related to the body weight of 65 kg for adult females and 80 kg for males, set by the FAO/WHO. Teff grains can be recommended as a valuable and safe source of minerals and trace elements.
- Klíčová slova
- Eragrostis tef, ICP-MS, dietary intakes, essential trace elements, minerals, toxic trace elements,
- MeSH
- bezpečnost potravin * MeSH
- dieta * škodlivé účinky MeSH
- Eragrostis škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- hmotnostní spektrometrie MeSH
- hodnocení rizik MeSH
- hodnocení stavu výživy * MeSH
- jedlá semena škodlivé účinky chemie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály škodlivé účinky analýza MeSH
- nutriční hodnota * MeSH
- nutriční stav MeSH
- stopové prvky škodlivé účinky analýza MeSH
- výživové doporučené dávky * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- minerály MeSH
- stopové prvky MeSH
This thorough study analyses the amounts of 43 minerals and trace elements in non-traditional wheat grains, flakes, and undigested flake portions using ICP-MS and establishes declines in their respective contents after the flake production. It also identifies appropriate dietary intakes, in vitro digestibility values, retention factors, and metal pollution indexes. The element contents in wheat flakes are lower than in wheat grains after the hydrothermal treatment process, and their declines are: Na (48-72%), Ce (47-72%), Sr (43-55%), Tl (33-43%), Ti (32-41%), U (31-44%), Ho (29-69%), Cr (26-64%), Zr (26-58%), Ag (25-52%), and Ca (25-46%). The flakes significantly contributed to the recommended dietary intake or adequate intake of particular elements for men of all categories as follows: Mn (143%) > Mo > Cu > Mg ≥ Cr > Fe (16%); for women: Mn (up to 183%) > Mo > Cu > Cr ≥ Mg > Fe (7-16%); for pregnant women aged 19-30: Mn (165%) > Mo > Cu > Mg > Cr (25%); and finally, for lactating women: Mn (127%) > Mo > Cu > Mg > Cr (17%). The contributions to the provisional tolerable weekly or monthly intakes of all toxic elements were established as being within the official limits. The daily intakes for non-essential elements were also calculated. The retention factors were calculated to assess the element concentrations in the undigested part using the digestibility values (87.4-90.5%). The highest retention factors were obtained for V (63-92%), Y (57-96%), Ce (43-76%), Pb (34-58%), Tl (32-70%), Ta (31-66%), and Ge (30-49%). K, Mg, P, Zn, Ba, Bi, Ga, Sb, Cu, Ni, and As appear to be released easily from flake matrices during digestion. The metal pollution index has been confirmed as being lower for non-traditional wheat flakes when compared with grains. Importantly, 15-25% of the metal pollution index assessed for native flakes remains in the undigested flake portion after in vitro digestion.
- Klíčová slova
- dietary intake evaluation, disease prevention, essential trace element, in vitro digestion, life stage group, metal pollution index, mineral, retention factor, toxic trace element, wheat flake,
- MeSH
- kovy analýza MeSH
- laktace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- minerály analýza MeSH
- přijímání potravy MeSH
- pšenice MeSH
- stopové prvky * analýza MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- trávení MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- kovy MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- stopové prvky * MeSH
We studied the dynamics of Cu, Fe, Zn, Mo, As, Cd, Pb and Se in the serum of sheep during experimental copper (Cu) intoxication from emissions from a Cu factory. From the food and the dosed emission, the daily intake was 466.8 mg Cu, 1253.93 mg Fe, 11.67 mg Zn, 0.74 mg Mo, 34.75 mg As, 0.091 mg Cd, 2.13 mg Pb, and 2.57 mg Se/experimental ewe. After the onset of Cu intoxication the first ewe died on the 65th d and the last one on the 84th d of the experiment. Hypercupremia was observed from the 50th d after the beginning of emission administration. Significant changes were observed in serum Cu on the 50th, 70th and 77th d (P less than 0.01). Changes in the dynamics of the other elements were recorded at the end of the cumulative phase and during the hemolytic crisis by also determining Fe, Zn, Mo, As, Cd, Pb and Se in serum of the Cu-poisoned sheep.
- MeSH
- arsen krev MeSH
- kadmium krev MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí krev otrava MeSH
- měď krev otrava MeSH
- minerály krev MeSH
- molybden krev MeSH
- olovo krev MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- selen krev MeSH
- železo krev MeSH
- zinek krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Názvy látek
- arsen MeSH
- kadmium MeSH
- látky znečišťující vzduch v pracovním prostředí MeSH
- měď MeSH
- minerály MeSH
- molybden MeSH
- olovo MeSH
- selen MeSH
- železo MeSH
- zinek MeSH
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary intake of energy and nutrients (DIEN) of Czech pregnant women and to assess relationships with body size variables during pregnancy. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-two randomly recruited healthy pregnant Czech women, who were normoglycemic, euthyroid, nonsmokers, not anemic, and not users of chronic medications or abusers of alcohol or drugs from countryside and city with different education, were recruited for the study. Anthropometric parameters were measured and resting energy expenditure obtained by indirect calorimetry after 12 h of fasting during four phases of pregnancy. DIEN was evaluated from self-reported dietary intake records over 7 days. RESULTS: Positive correlations were demonstrated between measured resting energy expenditure and intake of energy, substrates and some minerals and vitamins, and negative correlations between DIEN and anthropometric parameters. Lower dietary intake of energy and differences between dietary intake of nutrients and recommended daily allowances during pregnancy of Czech women were documented. CONCLUSIONS: The difference between pregnancy body weight and ideal body weight was shown to be a determinant of DIEN. From recent knowledge on prevention of various pathological states, the supplementation or modification of nutritional intake of food with folate, iron, vitamin D, zinc, iodine and fiber for Czech pregnant women is recommended.
- MeSH
- antropometrie MeSH
- bazální metabolismus * MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- energetický příjem * MeSH
- hodnocení stavu výživy MeSH
- jod aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- kyselina listová aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mikroživiny aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- nepřímá kalorimetrie MeSH
- potravní doplňky * MeSH
- směrnice jako téma MeSH
- těhotenství * MeSH
- tělesná hmotnost MeSH
- vitamin D aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- zinek aplikace a dávkování MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství * MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Názvy látek
- jod MeSH
- kyselina listová MeSH
- mikroživiny MeSH
- vitamin D MeSH
- zinek MeSH
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed in 44 patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) aged 6-29 y. The phenylalanine-restricted diet was based on a low-protein diet in combination with phenylalanine-free amino acid mixtures and phenylalanine-low casein hydrolysate in 32 patients. The 10 oldest patients were supplemented only with casein hydrolysate, and the youngest child received only the amino acid mixture. One patient has recently come off the diet. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and total BMD were measured and expressed as Z-score, i.e. the difference between the BMD of the patient and the average BMD of sex- and age-matched controls divided by the standard deviation of the control group. Normal BMD was found in 24 (54%) patients. Lumbar spine BMD was decreased in 20 patients and total BMD was decreased in 14 patients. Z-scores of -1to 2.5 were found in 14 patients (32%) and Z-scores of <-2.5 in 6 patients (14%). No significant correlation was found between total or lumbar spine BMD and daily intake of phenylalanine from natural sources in the low-protein diet or the amount of phenylalanine-free amino acid mixtures per kg of body weight. A significant negative correlation was observed between both total and lumbar spine BMD Z-scores and the amount of casein hydrolysate supplementation per kg of body weight (r = - 0.45; y = 0.07 - 0.69x; p < 0.01). Long-lasting dietary restriction in patients with PKU may increase the risk of late complications of dietary therapy, such as osteoporosis or trace element deficiency. O Bone mineral density, osteoporosis, phenylalanine-low diet, phenylketonuria
- MeSH
- absorpční fotometrie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- fenylketonurie patofyziologie MeSH
- kostní denzita * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Alcohol use has been identified as a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. Eight male Wistar rats at two months of age were alcoho-fed (7.6 g 95 % ethanol/kg b.w. per day) to evaluate the effects of long-term administration (three months) of alcohol in drinking water. We have used a dose which is considered to be comparable to a dose of 1 liter of wine or 2.5 liters of 12(°) beer used in male adults daily. The bones were tested mechanically by a three-point bending test in a Mini Bionix (MTS) testing system. The bones from alcohol-fed rats were characterized by a reduction in bone density as well as in ash, calcium and phosphate content. In alcohol-fed rats the reduction in bone mineral density (10 %) was reflected by about 12 % reduction of mechanical strength of femur (158+/-5.5 vs. 178+/-3.2 N/mm(2)). Alcohol significantly altered femoral cortical thickness. In our experiment alcohol itself did not exert any antiandrogenic effect and it did not produce changes in the weight of seminal vesicles. Liver function test (GGT, ALP, AST) did not differ between alcohol-fed rats and control rats. Alcohol-induced bone loss is associated with increased bone resorption and decreased bone formation. These results document the efficacy of alcohol at the dose of 7.6 g 95 % ethanol/kg b.w. to cause bone loss and loss of bone mechanical strength in intact rats. The results of the present study may be interpreted as supporting the hypothesis of alcohol as a risk factor for osteoporosis.
- MeSH
- biologické markery krev MeSH
- biomechanika MeSH
- časové faktory MeSH
- enzymy krev MeSH
- ethanol aplikace a dávkování toxicita MeSH
- femur účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- fosfáty krev MeSH
- jaterní testy MeSH
- játra účinky léků enzymologie MeSH
- kostní denzita účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- osteogeneze účinky léků MeSH
- osteoporóza chemicky indukované metabolismus patologie MeSH
- pití alkoholu škodlivé účinky MeSH
- potkani Wistar MeSH
- resorpce kosti chemicky indukované metabolismus patologie MeSH
- semenné váčky účinky léků MeSH
- vápník krev MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu Rattus MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- biologické markery MeSH
- enzymy MeSH
- ethanol MeSH
- fosfáty MeSH
- vápník MeSH
OBJECTIVE: Alendronate and calcitonin are antiresorptive drugs that were used for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and were shown to increase bone mineral density (BMD). However, the effect of both drugs in daily clinical practice may differ from that observed in clinical trials. METHOD: About 50 postmenopausal osteoporotic women were observed during their first year of treatment. Among them, 32 patients used alendronate and 18 used calcitonin. Lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and after 1 year of therapy. Biochemical markers (B-ALP--bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, OTC--osteocalcin and DPD/UCr--deoxypyridinoline/creatinine ratio) of bone metabolism were measured at baseline and 6 months later. Patient compliance was assumed by tablet counting and verified at interview. Each patient was further questioned about her attitude towards the treatment, as well as her dairy product intake, physical activity, use of other medications, smoking and social status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: (1) Annual percent change in BMD in lumbar spine and femoral neck after the one-year treatment with either alendronate or calcitonin. (2) The change in biochemical markers of bone turnover. RESULTS: The lumbar spine BMD significantly increased by 7.0% (P < 0.001), the femoral neck BMD by 4.3% (P < 0.01). OTC, B-ALP and DPD/UCr decreased significantly during the therapy with alendronate. Compliance with therapy was 79% (95% CI 68-90%). In the calcitonin-treated group, the lumbar spine BMD significantly increased by 3.1 % (P < 0.05), while the femoral neck BMD remained unchanged. OTC, B-ALP and DPD/UCr did not change significantly during the treatment with calcitonin. Compliance with calcitonin therapy was 87% (95% CI 63-110%). The annual change of BMD in both treatment groups was independent on all questioned factors. CONCLUSION: In daily practice, alendronate enhanced significantly BMD both in lumbar spine and femoral neck. Calcitonin showed increase only in the lumbar spine BMD.
- MeSH
- adherence pacienta MeSH
- alendronát ekonomika terapeutické užití MeSH
- inhibitory kostní resorpce ekonomika terapeutické užití MeSH
- kalcitonin ekonomika terapeutické užití MeSH
- kostní denzita účinky léků MeSH
- krček femuru patologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náklady a analýza nákladů MeSH
- osteoporóza farmakoterapie ekonomika patologie MeSH
- páteř patologie MeSH
- retrospektivní studie MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Názvy látek
- alendronát MeSH
- inhibitory kostní resorpce MeSH
- kalcitonin MeSH
Wethers were studied for the effect of the complete pelleted feed ration on the intake of water and concentration of pH and ammonia in the rumen. The animals consumed daily 1300 g of dry matter of the diet containing 41.81% of meadow hay, 25.8% of barley, 15.37% of sawdust, 14.98% of molasses, 1.32% of urea and 1.24% of vitamin mineral supplement. This feed was given to them for six months. The pelleted diet increased the intake of water (the dry matter consumption remaining the same in the control and experimental group), reduced pH concentration (6.0--6.2) and slightly increased the level of ammonia in the first hour after feeding; this was probably due to a rapid release of nitrogen compounds from the feed and to intensive rumen fermentation.
