Úvod: Akútna ischémia dolných končatín je väčšinou spôsobená embóliou, trombózou a traumatickými zraneniami. Samostatnú skupinu tvoria pacienti so sekundárnou akútnou ischémiou končatín k inému základnému ochoreniu. Prezentácia kazuistiky: V tomto článku popisujeme kazuistiku 72-ročnej ženy, ktorá bola hospitalizovaná na Klinike cievnej chirurgie s akútnou ischémiou dolnej končatíny. Podľa predchádzajúcej anamnézy jeden deň pred hospitalizáciou pacientka bola vyšetrená chirurgom pre bolesť brucha: bez príznakov peritonitídy. Bola realizovaná ultrazvuková diagnostika brucha, kde sa nevyskytol žiaden akútny nález; podľa laboratorných testov boli zvýšené leukocyty na 18,2 × 109/I. Nasledujúci deň pacientku doniesli na konzultáciu k cievnému chirurgovi kvôli bolesti a necitlivosti pravej dolnej končatiny. Vzhľadom na bolesť brucha a zvýšený počet leukocytov bola vykonaná v urgentnom režime CT angiografia, na základe ktorej bolo diagnostikované pneumoperitoneum a akútny uzáver artérií pravej dolnej končatiny. Vykonaná simultanná emergentná operácia: trombektómia tepien dolných končatín a laparotómia, kde bola diagnostikovaná perforácia pylorusa, difúzna peritonitída. Bohužiaľ pacientka zomrela v dôsledku hemodynamického zhoršenia a rozvoja polyorganného zlyhania na základe septického šoku. Záver: Táto kazuistika predstavuje vývoj akútnej ischémie pravej dolnej končatiny ako komplikácie difúznej peritonitídy. Septický šok spôsobil dehydratáciu pacientky, zhoršenie hemokoagulačných parametrov a rozvoj sekundárnej trombózy artérií pravej dolnej končatiny.

Background: Acute lower limb ischemia is generally caused by embolism, thrombosis, and traumatic injuries. However, patients with acute limb ischemia secondary to other underlying disease constitute a separate group. Case presentation: In this paper, we describe a case report of a 72-year-old woman, who was hospitalized with acute right lower limb ischemia to the Clinic of Vascular Surgery. According to past medical history, one day before hospitalization, the patient was examined by a surgeon for abdominal pain without signs of peritonitis. An abdominal ultrasound that did not reveal any pathology was performed; laboratory tests, that indicated an increase in white blood cell count to 18.2 × 109/L, were carried out. Next day, the patient consulted the vascular surgeon as she experienced severe right lower limb pain, numbness. Considering abdominal pain and elevated white blood cell count, there was performed emergency CT angiography that detected pneumoperitoneum and acute arterial occlusion of the right lower limb. There was performed concurrent emergency surgery: thrombectomy of the lower limb arteries and laparotomy that revealed gastrointestinal perforation, diffuse peritonitis. Unfortunately, the patient died due to hemodynamic deterioration and the development of multiple organ failure. Conclusion: This case report represents the development of acute lower limb ischemia as a complication of acute diffuse peritonitis. Septic shock resulted in the patient's dehydration, impaired blood coagulation parameters, and the development of secondary right lower extremity artery thrombosis.

• MeSH
• bolesti břicha etiologie   MeSH
• CT angiografie MeSH
• dehydratace etiologie   MeSH
• dolní končetina patologie   MeSH
• embolie a trombóza chirurgie   diagnóza   MeSH
• fatální výsledek MeSH
• ischemie * chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   patologie   MeSH
• laparotomie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multiorgánové selhání etiologie   MeSH
• peptický vřed diagnóza   MeSH
• peritonitida * diagnóza   komplikace   MeSH
• pneumoperitoneum chirurgie   diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• septický šok MeSH
• trombektomie MeSH
• ultrasonografie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH

Úvod: Trombóza dolnej dutej žily patrí k významným komplikáciam onkologických pacientov. Invázia metastatického trombu do dolnej dutej žily je jedným z charakteristických príznakov karcinómu obličky, pozorovaným v 10–18% prípadov. Cieľom prace je analýza výsledkov chirurgickej liečby pacientov s nádorovým trombom dolnej dutej žily pri karcinóme obličky. Metódy: Za obdobie rokov 2010 až 2019 sme operovali 32 pacientov s karcinómom obličky komplikovaným inváziou nádorového trombu do dolnej dutej žily. Podľa klasifikacie Nesbitta úroveň šírenia nádorového trombu v dolnej dutej žile bol: I–8 (25 %), II–14 (43,8 %), III–6 (18,8 %), IV–4 (12,5 %). U všetkých pacientov bola vykonaná nefrektómia s trombektómiou nádorového trombu dolnej dutej žily. U 4 pacientov s Nesbitt IV a u 2 pacientov s Nesbitt III bola okrem laparotómie vykonaná ešte sternotómia. Výsledky: U 26 pacientov bola vykonaná primárna sutúra DDŽ, u 4 pacientov plastika DDŽ, u 2 pacientov resekcia dolnej dutej žily s náhradou poly-tetrafluóretylenovým interpozitom. Radikálna chirurgická liečba bola vykonaná u 27 pacientov (84,3 %), paliatívna u 5 pacientov (15,6 %). V pooperačnom období za čas hospitalizácie zomrel 1 (3,1 %) pacient (Nesbitt IV) – kardiálne zlyhanie. Dvojročné prežívanie sme sledovali v 75% prípadov. Záver: Pri tumoróznom postihnutí dolnej dutej žily je vysoké riziko embolizácie tumoróznych más do pľúc, čo vedie k vytvoreniu mnohopočetných metastáz a disemináciu základného ochorenia. Po nefrektómii tumorom postihnutej obličky a odstránení nádorového trombu, eventuálne resekcii dolnej dutej žily, sa výrazne zvýši pooperačný komfort pacienta a v kombinácii s onkologickou liečbou signifikantne aj prežívanie.

Introduction: Thrombosis of inferior vena cava (IVC) is an important complication amongst oncological patients. Tumor thrombus of IVC is characteristic for patients with renal cell carcinoma, occurring in 10-18%. The aim of the work is to analyze of surgical treatment in patients with cancer thrombosis of inferior vena cava in kidney cancer. Methods: Between 2010 and 2019 we treated 32 patients with kidney cancer complicated by thrombotic infiltration of the inferior vena cava. According to Nesbitt classification the levels of thrombotic infiltration of the inferior vena cava were: I-8 (25%), II-14 (43.8%), III-6 (18.8%), and IV-4 (12.5%). Nephrectomy with thrombectomy of the cancer thrombus in the inferior vena cava was performed in all patients. In addition to laparotomy, sternotomy was approached in 4 patients with Nesbitt IV and in 2 patients with Nesbitt III. Results: Primary suture of IVC was performed in 26 patients; angioplasty of IVC was performed in 4 patients; and resection of IVC with replacement using a polytetrafluoroethylene interposition graft was done in 2 patients. Radical surgical treatment was performed in 27 (84.3%) patients, and palliative in 5 (15.6%) patients. In the postoperative period, 1 (3.1%) patient (Nesbitt IV) died of cardiac failure during hospitalisation. Two-year survival was observed in 75% of the cases. Conclusion: Tumorous infiltration of IVC is associated with a high potential for tumour embolisation to the lungs, leading to the formation of multiple metastases and spreading of the underlying disease. Postoperative comfort is improved considerably after nephrectomy of the affected kidney and removal of the tumour thrombus, including IVC resection as appropriate, and when combined with oncological treatment, the survival rate is increased significantly, as well.

• Klíčová slova
• nádorový trombus,
• MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk * chirurgie   diagnóza   komplikace   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nefrektomie MeSH
• trombektomie MeSH
• vena cava inferior chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• žilní trombóza * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

The paper presents the results of treating 14 patients, namely eight patients with visceral artery aneurysms and six patients with visceral artery pseudoaneurysms. In 64.3% of the patients, the initial diagnosis was made based on the ultrasound examination. All the patients (100%) underwent CT angiography, while angiography was performed in 71.4% of the cases. Five (35.7%) patients with visceral artery pseudoaneurysms were emergently hospitalized; among them, the signs of bleeding were observed in 2 patients. In 9 patients, pathology was detected during tests for other conditions. Five (35.7%) patients underwent endovascular treatment, while 9 (64.3%) patients received surgical treatment. Endovascular interventions and open surgery demonstrated a nil mortality rate. After endovascular treatment, stent thrombosis was found in 1 patient. In the case of surgical treatment, visceral artery aneurysm was observed in 1 patient who underwent the resection of superior mesenteric artery pseudoaneurysm. Conclusions. The choice of the method of treating visceral artery aneurysms and visceral artery pseudoaneurysms depends on the location, size, anatomic features of the visceral arteries and the clinical course of the disease. Both endovascular and surgical treatment demonstrate good postoperative outcomes. Visceral ischemia is one of the most serious complications in the postoperative period, which can complicate both the diagnosis and the choice of treatment tactics.

• MeSH
• aneurysma diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• angiografie MeSH
• arteria coeliaca diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• arteria hepatica diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• arteria lienalis diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• arteria mesenterica superior diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• CT angiografie MeSH
• endovaskulární výkony metody   MeSH
• gastrická arterie diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nepravé aneurysma diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stenty MeSH
• týmová péče o pacienty MeSH
• výkony cévní chirurgie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

• Publikační typ
• abstrakt z konference MeSH

Úvod: Kompresia truncus coeliacus je jednou z pričin vzniku chronickej abdominalnej ischemie. Autori popisuju svoje skusenosti s chirurgickou liečbou Dunbarovho syndromu u 12 pacientov. Cieľom članku bola retrospektivna analyza chirurgickej liečby kompresie truncus coeliacus. Metóda: V obdobi rokov od 2007 do 2016 sme liečili 12 pacientov pre kompresivny syndrom truncus coeliacus. V ramci diagnostiky bolo každemu pacientovi realizovane USG vyšetrenie brucha, CT angiografia alebo DSA. Metodou voľby u tychto pacientov bola chirurgicka liečba. Štyrom pacientom sme resekovali vlakna ligamentum arcuatum mediale diafragmy a nervove vlakna plexus coeliacus. U 8 pacientov sme museli resekovať fibroticky zmeneny stenoticky až uzavrety truncus coeliacus. Ako rekonštrukciu sme vykonali aorto-trunkalny proteticky alebo venozny bypass, interpozitum alebo patch -plastiku. Výsledky: V pooperačnom obdobi sa nevyskytli zavažne komplikacie, ani umrtia. U jedneho pacienta v pooperačnom obdobi pretrvavaju klinicke priznaky chronickej abdominalnej ischemie. Záver: Chirurgicka liečba je metodou voľby pri kompresii truncus coeliacus. Indikaciou na chirurgicku rekonštrukciu su symptomaticki pacienti so stenozou arterie viac ako 50 %. Spravna diagnostika a včasna chirurgicka liečba ma vyznam pre liečbu chronickej visceralnej ischemie a zniženie počtu z toho rezultujucich chirurgickych komplikacii.

Introduction: Celiac axis compression syndrome is one of the causes of chronic abdominal ischemia. The authors describe their experience with the surgical treatment of Dunbar syndrome in 12 patients. The purpose of the authors was a retrospective analysis of the surgical treatment of celiac axis compression syndrome. Method: Between 2007 and 2016, we treated 12 patients for the celiac axis compressive syndrome. Each patient has performed abdominal sonography, CT-angiography, or angiography. The method of choice in these patients was surgical treatment. In 4 patients we resected median arcuate ligament and nerve fibers of celiac axis. In 8 patients we had to resect the stenotic or occluded celiac axis. We reconstructed the blood supply to the celiac axis by the aorto-celiac bypass, using prothetic or venous grafting or patch plastic of celiac axis stenosis. Results: There were no significant complications and deaths in the post - operative period. In one patient signs of chronic abdominal ischemia postoperatively persist. Conclusion: Surgery is the method of choice of celiac axis compression syndrome. Indications for surgical reconstruction are symptomatic patients with arterial stenosis over 50%. Proper diagnosis and early surgical treatment are essential for treating chronic visceral ischemia and reducing surgical complications.

• MeSH
• arteria coeliaca chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• břicho diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
• Dunbarův syndrom * diagnóza   chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• ischemie etiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Objective/background. High risk of recurrent ischemic stroke within the first 14 days after index event in patients with atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid arteries gave the impetus for the revision of the term of performing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in symptomatic patients. Nowadays the advisability of performing urgent CEA within 72 h after stroke onset in neurologically unstable patients is discussed frequently. The paper presents the evaluation of carotid endarterectomy during the acute period of ischemic stroke. Methods. The results of CEA in 462 patients with symptomatic ICA stenosis performed in two independent Vascular Centers were analyzed. Indication for CEA was stenosis of ICA 50%. In Group I 28.5% of patients underwent CEA within 14 days after stroke onset, and in 71.5% of patients was performed 6 weeks after stroke onset. In Group II 39.5% of patients with unstable neurological symptoms underwent within 3–6 h after stroke onset, and in 60.5% of patients with unstable atherosclerotic plaque, CEA was performed within 24–48 h after stroke onset. Results. In Group I (239 people) 7 (2.9%) patients developed stroke. Three (1.3%) patients died. In Group II (223 people) 5 (2.2%) patients developed stroke. One (0.4%) patient died. When comparing complications in the early postoperative period no statistical significance was found. Conclusions. Urgent CEA is indicated in patients with unstable neurological symptoms as well as for those with unstable atherosclerotic plaques. Considering a high risk of stroke recurrence within the first 14 days urgent CEA is effective in the prevention of recurrent stroke. Only 2.2% patients developed postoperatively stroke.

• MeSH
• aterosklerotický plát epidemiologie   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• cévní mozková příhoda * chirurgie   MeSH
• karotická endarterektomie * statistika a číselné údaje   škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• komorbidita MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• neurologické manifestace MeSH
• pooperační období MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• přehledy MeSH