- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky metabolismus škodlivé účinky MeSH
- antibiotická rezistence * účinky léků MeSH
- celosvětové zdraví MeSH
- kontrola infekčních nemocí metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- objevující se infekční nemoci MeSH
- One Health * MeSH
- přenos infekční nemoci MeSH
- spotřeba léčiv statistika a číselné údaje MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Agentury pro zdravotnický výzkum MZ ČR
nestr.
Rostoucí incidence gramnegativních bakterií rezistentních k antibiotikům poslední volby, karbapenemům a kolistinu, představuje jeden z nejzávažnějších problémů současné medicíny. Do nedávna byly tyto rezistentní bakterie nacházeny zejména u hospitalizovaných pacientů, v posledních letech je však pozorováno jejich šíření mezi zvířaty a v prostředí. Projekt je zaměřen na sledování zdrojů a cest šíření plazmidově kódované rezistence ke karbapenemům a kolistinu u Enterobacteriaceae z člověka, potravinových zvířat, potravin, prostředí a volně žijících živočichů v České republice. Selektivní kultivace rezistentních izolátů bude doplněna komplexní molekulárně-epidemiologickou typizací, celogenomovým sekvenováním a komparativní analýzou plazmidů. Bude zhodnocen význam potravinového řetězce a prostředí jako sekundárních zdrojů bakterií s klinicky významnými mechanizmy rezistence a rizika pro veřejné zdraví. Budou studovány faktory přispívající k jejich selekci a udržování v humánních i nehumánních zdrojích a navržena opatření k omezení jejich šíření.; Growing incidence of Gram-negative bacteria resistant to drugs of last resort, carbapenems and colistin, represents one of the major issues of current medicine. Until recently, these bacteria were associated mainly with hospitalized patients, however, their spreading among animals and in the environment is being increasingly reported over last years. The project is focused on the evaluation of sources and transmission pathways of Enterobacteriace carrying plasmid-mediated genes for resistance to colistin and carbapenems in humans, food-producing animals, food, the environment and wildlife in the Czech Republic. Selective cultivation of resistant isolates will be followed by complex molecular-epidemiological typing, whole-genome sequencing and comparative plasmid analysis. The role of food chain and the environment as secondary reservoirs of clinically relevant resistance mechanisms and risks for public health will be determined. Factors favouring their selection and maintenance in human and non-human sources will be evaluated, and interventions to limit their spread will be proposed.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- bioznečištění MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae účinky léků MeSH
- karbapenemy MeSH
- kolistin MeSH
- One Health MeSH
- plazmidy MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- farmacie a farmakologie
- environmentální vědy
- bakteriologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu AZV MZ ČR
Wild animals foraging in the human-influenced environment are colonized by bacteria with clinically important antibiotic resistance. The occurrence of such bacteria in wildlife is influenced by various biological, ecological, and geographical factors which have not yet been fully understood. More research focusing on the human-animal-environmental interface and using novel approaches is required to understand the role of wild animals in the transmission of antibiotic resistance and to assess potential risks for the public health.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- Bacteria účinky léků enzymologie genetika MeSH
- bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika metabolismus MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- divoká zvířata mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria have been increasingly reported in humans, companion animals and farm animals. The growing trend of plasmid-mediated resistance to antimicrobial classes of critical importance is attributed to the emergence of epidemic plasmids, rapidly disseminating resistance genes among the members of Enterobacteriaceae family. The use of antibiotics to treat humans and animals has had a significant impact on the environment and on wild animals living and feeding in human-influenced habitats. Wildlife can acquire MDR bacteria selected in hospitals, community or livestock from diverse sources, including wastewater, sewage systems, landfills, farm facilities or agriculture fields. Therefore, wild animals are considered indicators of environmental pollution by antibiotic resistant bacteria, but they can also act as reservoirs and vectors spreading antibiotic resistance across the globe. The level of resistance and reported plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms observed in bacteria of wildlife origin seem to correlate well with the situation described in humans and domestic animals. Additionaly, the identification of epidemic plasmids in samples from different human, animal and wildlife sources underlines the role of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of resistance genes. The present review focuses on reports of plasmid-mediated resistance to critically important antimicrobial classes such as broad-spectrum beta-lactams and colistin in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from samples of wildlife origin. The role of plasmids in the dissemination of ESBL-, AmpC- and carbapenemase-encoding genes as well as plasmid-mediated colistin resistance determinants in wildlife are discussed, and their similarities to plasmids previously identified in samples of human clinical or livestock origin are highlighted. Furthermore, we present features of completely sequenced plasmids reported from wildlife Enterobacteriaceae isolates, with special focus on genes that could be associated with the plasticity and stable maintenance of these molecules in antibiotic-free environments.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamy terapeutické užití MeSH
- gramnegativní bakterie účinky léků genetika patogenita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mnohočetná bakteriální léková rezistence genetika MeSH
- plazmidy genetika MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální genetika MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
The complete nucleotide sequences of six IMP-4-encoding plasmids recovered from Enterobacteriaceae isolates of wildlife origin were characterized. Sequencing data showed that plasmids of different incompatibility groups (IncM, IncI1, IncF, and nontypeable [including an IncX5_2 and two pPrY2001-like]) carried the blaIMP-4-carrying integrons In809 or In1460. Most of the plasmids carried an mph(A) region, and chrA-like, aac(3)-IId, and blaTEM-1b genes. Finally, plasmid analysis revealed the involvement of two different IS26- and Tn1696-associated mechanisms in the mobilization of IMP-4-encoding integrons.
OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the silver gull as an indicator of environmental contamination by salmonellae and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in south-east Australia. METHODS: A total of 504 cloacal samples were collected from gull chicks at three nesting colonies in New South Wales, Australia [White Bay (n = 144), Five Islands (n = 200) and Montague Island (n = 160)] and were examined for salmonellae and CPE. Isolates were tested for carbapenemase genes and susceptibility to 14 antibiotics. Clonality was determined by PFGE and MLST. Genetic context and conjugative transfer of the carbapenemase gene were determined. RESULTS: A total of 120 CPE of 10 species, mainly Escherichia coli (n = 85), carrying the gene blaIMP-4, blaIMP-38 or blaIMP-26 were obtained from 80 (40%) gulls from Five Islands. Thirty percent of birds from this colony were colonized by salmonellae. Most isolates contained the gene within a class 1 integron showing a blaIMP-4-qacG-aacA4-catB3 array. The blaIMP gene was carried by conjugative plasmids of variable sizes (80-400 kb) and diverse replicons, including HI2-N (n = 30), HI2 (11), A/C (17), A/C-Y (2), L/M (5), I1 (1) and non-typeable (6). Despite the overall high genetic variability, common clones and plasmid types were shared by different birds and bacterial isolates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate a large-scale transmission of carbapenemase-producing bacteria into wildlife, likely as a result of the feeding habits of the birds at a local waste depot. The isolates from gulls showed significant similarities with clinical isolates from Australia, suggesting the human origin of the isolates. The sources of CPE for gulls on Five Islands should be explored and proper measures applied to stop the transmission into the environment.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky farmakologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny analýza genetika MeSH
- beta-laktamasy analýza genetika MeSH
- Charadriiformes mikrobiologie MeSH
- Enterobacteriaceae enzymologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- enterobakteriální infekce epidemiologie mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- kloaka mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrobiální testy citlivosti MeSH
- molekulární epidemiologie MeSH
- molekulární typizace MeSH
- nemoci ptáků epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- ostrovy epidemiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- ptáci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Nový Jižní Wales epidemiologie MeSH
- ostrovy epidemiologie MeSH
OBJECTIVES: To determine the structure of two multidrug-resistant IncHI1 plasmids carrying blaCTX-M-1 in Escherichia coli isolates disseminated in an equine clinic in the Czech Republic. METHODS: A complete nucleotide sequencing of 239 kb IncHI1 (pEQ1) and 287 kb IncHI1/X1 (pEQ2) plasmids was performed using the 454-Genome Sequencer FLX system. The sequences were compared using bioinformatic tools with other sequenced IncHI1 plasmids. RESULTS: A comparative analysis of pEQ1 and pEQ2 identified high nucleotide identity with the IncHI1 type 2 plasmids. A novel 24 kb module containing an operon involved in short-chain fructooligosaccharide uptake and metabolism was found in the pEQ backbones. The role of the pEQ plasmids in the metabolism of short-chain fructooligosaccharides was demonstrated by studying the growth of E. coli cells in the presence of these sugars. The module containing the blaCTX-M-1 gene was formed by a truncated macrolide resistance cluster and flanked by IS26 as previously observed in IncI1 and IncN plasmids. The IncHI1 plasmid changed size and gained the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 as a result of IS26-mediated fusion with an IncX1 plasmid. CONCLUSIONS: Our data highlight the structure and evolution of IncHI1 from equine E. coli. A plasmid-mediated sugar metabolic element could play a key role in strain fitness, contributing to the successful dissemination and maintenance of these plasmids in the intestinal microflora of horses.
- MeSH
- beta-laktamasy genetika MeSH
- Escherichia coli genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- infekce vyvolané Escherichia coli mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- koně MeSH
- metabolické sítě a dráhy genetika MeSH
- molekulární evoluce * MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- plazmidy * MeSH
- pořadí genů MeSH
- proteiny z Escherichia coli genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA * MeSH
- syntenie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
