BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depressive disorders are highly prevalent mental health conditions, affecting millions worldwide. Advancements in neurobiology have identified the effects of various neuropeptides in modulating mood and stress responses. Some of the well-researched neuropeptides in plasma are oxytocin (OXT), alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), beta-endorphin, neurotensin, and substance P. In this study, we used methods of liquid biopsy to acquire saliva samples to analyze the concentrations of neuropeptides associated with depression. METHODS: The study was conducted in Bratislava, Slovakia, from January to June 2022. Participants were 20 subjects treated for depression and anxiety without medication; the control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals with no personal history of depression or anxiety. Salivary samples were collected using buccal swabs to measure the concentrations of the examined neuropeptides. Laboratory analysis was based on detecting fluorescent signals performed on the Luminex MAGPIX® System (Luminex Corporation, Austin, Texas). Means and standard deviations were calculated for individual neuropeptide levels. To determine if there are statistically significant differences in neuropeptide levels between individuals with and without depression, independent t-tests and a one-way ANOVA were conducted. RESULTS: Our findings indicate a significant decrease in all studied neuropeptides in subjects compared to healthy controls. Reductions in mean levels were observed for OXT (7.3), alpha-MSH (3.9), beta-endorphin (2.9), neurotensin (15.1), and a 6.9-fold decrease for substance P. Alpha-MSH and beta-endorphin showed higher variability in measured levels within both groups. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the levels of the studied salivary neuropeptides, OXT, alpha-MSH, beta-endorphin, neurotensin, and substance P, are statistically significantly reduced in individuals with depression compared to healthy controls.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Here, we present newly derived in vitro model for modeling Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Our new cell line was derived by reprogramming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (isolated from blood from pediatric patient) with Sendai virus encoding Yamanaka factors. Derived iPS cells are capable to differentiate in vitro into three germ layers as verified by immunocytochemistry. When differentiated in special medium, our iPSc formed spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes. As cardiomyopathy is the main clinical complication in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, the cell line bearing the dystrophin gene mutation might be of interest to the research community.
Congenital anomalies, diseases, and injuries may result in osteochondral damage. Recently, a big hope has been given to somatic stem cells (SSCs) which are characterized as undifferentiated cells with an ability of long-term self-renewing and plasticity. They are adherent with a fibroblast-like morphology in vitro and express various surface markers (e.g. CD29, CD73, CD90, and CD105), but they are negative for CD31, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. SSCs secrete various bioactive molecules, which are involved in processes of regeneration. The main goal of the present study was the characterization and comparison of biological properties of SSCs obtained from adipose tissue, dental pulp, and urine concerning osteochondral regeneration. SSCs were maintained in an appropriate growth medium up to the third passage and were analyzed by light and electron microscope. The immunophenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry. The kinetics of proliferation was measured by MTT assay. Human Cytokine/Chemokine Multiplex Assay was used, and SSCs secretory profile was measured by Luminex MAGPIX® Instrument. Pellet cultures and a chondrogenic medium were used to induce chondrogenic differentiation. Osteogenic differentiation was induced by the osteogenic medium. Chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation was analyzed by real-time PCR. SSCs had similar fibroblast-like morphology. They have similar kinetics of proliferation. SSCs shared the expression CD29, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105. They lack expression of CD29 and CD34. SSCs secerned similar levels of IL10 and IL18 while differing in IFN-gamma, IL6, IL8, MCP-1, and RANTES production. SSCs possess a similar capacity for chondrogenic differentiation but slightly differ in osteogenic differentiation. In conclusion, it can be emphasized that SSCs from adipose tissue, dental pulp, and urine share the majority of cellular characteristics typical for SSCs and have great potential to be used in osteochondral tissue regeneration.
- MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- dospělé kmenové buňky * MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezenchymální kmenové buňky * metabolismus MeSH
- osteogeneze MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Recently published studies suggest that the paracrine substances released by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the primary motive behind the therapeutic action reported in these cells. Pre-clinical and clinical research on MSCs has produced promising outcomes. Furthermore, these cells are generally safe for therapeutic use and may be extracted from a variety of anatomical regions. Recent research has indicated, however, that transplanted cells do not live long and that the advantages of MSC treatment may be attributable to the large diversity of bioactive substances they create, which play a crucial role in the control of essential physiological processes. Secretome derivatives, such as conditioned media or exosomes, may provide significant benefits over cells in terms of manufacture, preservation, handling, longevity of the product, and potential as a ready-to-use biologic product. Despite their immunophenotypic similarities, the secretome of MSCs appears to vary greatly depending on the host's age and the niches in which the cells live. The secretome's effect on multiple biological processes such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, tissue repair, immunomodulation, wound healing, anti-fibrotic, and anti-tumor for tissue maintenance and regeneration has been discovered. Defining the secretome of cultured cultivated MSC populations by conditioned media analysis will allow us to assess its potential as a novel treatment approach. This review will concentrate on accumulating data from pre-clinical and clinical trials pointing to the therapeutic value of the conditioned medium. At last, the necessity of characterizing the conditioned medium for determining its potential for cell-free treatment therapy will be emphasized in this study.
This article summarizes the importance of the exact morphology of human uterine/fallopian tube epithelium at the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) level for the clinical outcome even nowadays. Visual referential micrographs from SEM reflect two ways to view human epithelial cell lining surfaces: the surface epithelial uterine tube from surgical tissue biopsy and human fallopian tube epithelial cells (HFTEC) culture monolayer surface. One colorized image visualizes ciliated cells, distinguishes them from non-ciliated cells, and provides an educational benefit. A detailed description of the ultrastructure in referential and pathologic human uterine tube epithelium is important in defining the morphological basis of high-grade carcinomas, in the mechanism of pathophysiology, and in discussing options for its prevention. Cell cultures of human fallopian tube epithelial cells offer new approaches in simulating the mechanisms of cancer genesis or may help to elucidate the genetic basis of several diagnoses. New technical approaches in SEM provide higher resolution and detailed surface images. The SEM modality is still one of the current options in diagnostics and may be useful for advancing human reproductive organ cancer research.
- MeSH
- biopsie MeSH
- buněčné kultury MeSH
- elektrony * MeSH
- epitel MeSH
- epitelové buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikroskopie elektronová rastrovací MeSH
- vejcovody * patologie fyziologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Despite significant advances in medical research, plastic surgeons still face a shortage of suitable patient tissues, and soft tissue reconstruction is no exception. In recent years, there has been a rapid boom in the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in reconstructive and aesthetic surgery. ADM is incorporated into the surrounding tissue and gradually replaced by the host's collagen, thus promoting and supporting the healing process and reducing the formation of scar tissue. The main goal of this article is to provide a brief review of the current literature assessing the clinical applications of ADM across a broad spectrum of applications in plastic and reconstructive surgery.
- MeSH
- acelulární dermis * MeSH
- hojení ran MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- plastická chirurgie * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Complex in vitro characterization of a blended material based on Poly(Lactic Acid), Poly(Hydroxybutyrate), and Thermoplastic Starch (PLA/PHB/TPS) was performed in order to evaluate its potential for application in the field of tissue engineering. We focused on the biological behavior of the material as well as its mechanical and morphological properties. We also focused on the potential of the blend to be processed by the 3D printer which would allow the fabrication of the custom-made scaffold. Several blends recipes were prepared and characterized. This material was then studied in the context of scaffold fabrication. Scaffold porosity, wettability, and cell-scaffold interaction were evaluated as well. MTT test and the direct contact cytotoxicity test were applied in order to evaluate the toxic potential of the blended material. Biocompatibility studies were performed on the human chondrocytes. According to our results, we assume that material had no toxic effect on the cell culture and therefore could be considered as biocompatible. Moreover, PLA/PHB/TPS blend is applicable for 3D printing. Printed scaffolds had highly porous morphology and were able to absorb water as well. In addition, cells could adhere and proliferate on the scaffold surface. We conclude that this blend has potential for scaffold engineering.
- MeSH
- 3D tisk MeSH
- hydroxybutyráty farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- polyestery farmakologie terapeutické užití MeSH
- tkáňové inženýrství metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
In recent years, the interstitial cells telocytes, formerly known as interstitial Cajal-like cells, have been described in almost all organs of the human body. Although telocytes were previously thought to be localized predominantly in the organs of the digestive system, as of 2018 they have also been described in the lymphoid tissue, skin, respiratory system, urinary system, meninges and the organs of the male and female genital tracts. Since the time of eminent German pathologist Rudolf Virchow, we have known that many pathological processes originate directly from cellular changes. Even though telocytes are not widely accepted by all scientists as an individual and morphologically and functionally distinct cell population, several articles regarding telocytes have already been published in such prestigious journals as Nature and Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. The telocyte diversity extends beyond their morphology and functions, as they have a potential role in the etiopathogenesis of different diseases. The most commonly described telocyte-associated diseases (which may be best termed "telocytopathies" in the future) are summarized in this critical review. It is difficult to imagine that a single cell population could be involved in the pathogenesis of such a wide spectrum of pathological conditions as extragastrointestinal stromal tumors ("telocytomas"), liver fibrosis, preeclampsia during pregnancy, tubal infertility, heart failure and psoriasis. In any case, future functional studies of telocytes in vivo will help to understand the mechanism by which telocytes contribute to tissue homeostasis in health and disease.
- MeSH
- antigeny CD34 imunologie MeSH
- fyziologická neovaskularizace MeSH
- homeostáza fyziologie MeSH
- imunofenotypizace MeSH
- intersticiální Cajalovy buňky imunologie patologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- regenerace MeSH
- růstový faktor odvozený z trombocytů - receptor alfa imunologie MeSH
- růstový faktor odvozený z trombocytů - receptor beta imunologie MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- telocyty imunologie patologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Hojenie je proces do ktorého sú zapojené rôzne bunky a komponenty extracellulárnej matrix, ktoré vzájomne medzi sebou neustále komunikujú a pôsobia súčastne smerom ku spoločnému cietu. Larvy najčastejšie používanej bzučivky Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata, alebo tzv greenbottie sa aplikujú do chronických rán za účelom zlepšenia hojenia, ked konvenčná liečba zlyhala. Magott terapia (MDT, larválna terapia, biochirurgická liečba) má nasledujúce 3 prospešné efekty na ranu: očistenie, dezinfekciu a zlepšenie hojenia. Po aplikácii lariev do nekrotickej rany zlepšia hojenie vdaka kombinácii exkretorických/sekretorických (ES) proteáz, ktoré sú zapojene do remodelácie komponentov extracelulárnej matrix (ECM). Larválne ES sú príčinou zmien v adhézii íibroblastov a ich šírení po proteínových povrchoch komponentov extracelulárnej matrix a môžu zasiahnuť do integrity proteínových povrchov, najmä fibronektínu, zatiaľ čo životaschopnost buniek ostane zachovaná.
Wound healing is a collaborative process involving a variety of cells and matrix components which need to interact continually towards a common goal. Lucilia (Phaenicia) sericata larvae, or green bottle fly maggots are applied to chronic wounds to aid healing when conventional "treatments have failed. Maggot therapy (MDT, larval therapy, biochirurgic therapy) has the following three beneficial effects on a wound: debridement, disinfection and enhanced healing. When maggots are introduced into necrotic wound, they potentially influence wound healing events with combination of excretory/ secretory (ES) proteases which are involved in the remodeling of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Magott ES caused changes in fibroblast adhesion and spreading upon ECM protein surfaces and affected the integrity of the protein surfaces, especially fibronectin, whilst maintaining cell viability.
- Klíčová slova
- Lucilia sericata,
- MeSH
- biologická terapie metody MeSH
- Diptera MeSH
- fibroblasty MeSH
- financování organizované MeSH
- hmyz růst a vývoj MeSH
- hojení ran fyziologie MeSH
- infekce v ráně terapie MeSH
- larva enzymologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nekróza terapie MeSH
- proteasy terapeutické užití MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
RAG belongs to appropriate inhibitors of protein glycation, i.e. formation of advanced glycation end products, which are thought to be responsible for some complications of DM, including neuropathy, angiopathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. In the present study authors have evaluated the genotoxic effect of RAG on the cell culture of human neonatal fibroblasts (B-HNF-1) in regard to its potential clinical application as inhibitor of advanced glycation end products in relationships to the pathogenesis of chronic diabetic complications. The direct contact cytotoxicity assay and micronucleus test were performed. The results showed that RAG in the concentration range of 1 x 10-4 to 1 x 10-6 mol.l-1 did not induce any changes in the morphology of exposed B-HNF-1 cells. The frequency of micronuclei was not significantly increased as well. The inhibitive effect of resorcylidene aminoguanidine was directly proportional to its concentration. It can be concluded that RAG at the selected concentrations has an inhibitive effect on proliferation of the treated cells and, at the same time, does not display any genotoxic effects on B-HNF-1 cells.
- MeSH
- buněčné linie MeSH
- cytotoxiny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- diploidie MeSH
- fibroblasty cytologie fyziologie účinky léků MeSH
- guanidiny farmakologie chemie toxicita MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mikrojaderné testy MeSH
- molekulární struktura MeSH
- mutageny farmakologie chemie MeSH
- tvar buňky účinky léků MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- Check Tag
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
