The incidence of tick-borne diseases caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. has been rising in Europe in recent decades. Early pre-assessment of acarological hazard still represents a complex challenge. The aim of this study was to model Ixodes ricinus questing nymph density and its infection rate with B. burgdorferi s.l., A. phagocytophilum and Rickettsia spp. in five European countries (Italy, Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary) in various land cover types differing in use and anthropisation (agricultural, urban and natural) with climatic and environmental factors (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Land Surface Temperature (LST) and precipitation). We show that the relative abundance of questing nymphs was significantly associated with climatic conditions, such as higher values of NDVI recorded in the sampling period, while no differences were observed among land use categories. However, the density of infected nymphs (DIN) also depended on the pathogen considered and land use. These results contribute to a better understanding of the variation in acarological hazard for Ixodes ricinus transmitted pathogens in Central Europe and provide the basis for more focused ecological studies aimed at assessing the effect of land use in different sites on tick-host pathogens interaction.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum růst a vývoj MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi růst a vývoj MeSH
- časoprostorová analýza * MeSH
- gramnegativní bakterie růst a vývoj MeSH
- klíště mikrobiologie MeSH
- nymfa MeSH
- podnebí * MeSH
- Rickettsia růst a vývoj MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
BACKGROUND: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is a zoonotic bacterial disease with increasing relevance for public health in Europe. The understanding of its sylvatic cycle and identification of competent reservoir hosts are essential for improving disease risk models and planning preventative measures. RESULTS: In 2012 we collected single ear biopsy punches from 964 live-trapped rodents in the Province of Trento, Italy. Genetic screening for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (AP) was carried out by PCR amplification of a fragment of the 16S rRNA gene. Fifty-two (5.4%) samples tested positive: 49/245 (20%) from the bank vole (Myodes glareolus) and 3/685 (0.4%) samples collected from the yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis). From these 52 positive samples, we generated 38 groEL and 39 msp4 sequences. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of a distinct rodent strain of AP. CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the circulation of a specific strain of AP in rodents in our study area; moreover, they provide further evidence of the marginal role of A. flavicollis compared to M. glareolus as a reservoir host for this pathogen.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma phagocytophilum genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Arvicolinae MeSH
- divoká zvířata MeSH
- ehrlichióza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- hlodavci MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nemoci hlodavců mikrobiologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- zdroje nemoci mikrobiologie MeSH
- zoonózy MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Itálie epidemiologie MeSH
Práca popisuje ochorenie u 55-ročného pacienta, u ktorého bolo diagnostikované demyelinizačné ochorenie nejasnej etiológie. Pacient prekonal v roku 2004 lymskú boreliózu. V sére boli prítomné špecifické protilátky IgG proti B. burgdorferi s. l. V likvore sa nedokázala prítomnosť intrathekálnych protilátok, ale PCR vyšetreniami sa potvrdila prítomnosť DNA genotypu B. garinii. Možno predpokladať, že perzistencia borélií v organizme by mohla byť jedným zo spúšťačov autoimunitného procesu, ktorý viedol k vzniku demyelinizačného ochorenie CNS.
A case report is presented of a 55-year-old patient diagnosed with a demyelinating disease of unclear etiology. The patient had Lyme borreliosis in 2004. Specific IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi s. l. were detected in the serum. Intrathecal antibodies were not found in the cerebrospinal fluid, but the presence of B. garinii DNA was confirmed by PCR analysis. It can be hypothesized that the borrelial persistence in the body may have been one of the triggers of the autoimmune process resulting in demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS).
- MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex izolace a purifikace MeSH
- demyelinizační autoimunitní nemoci CNS etiologie MeSH
- DNA bakterií MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymeská nemoc diagnóza komplikace MeSH
- počítače do ruky MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
Anaplasmoses are common tick-borne zoonotic bacterial diseases of livestock and free-living ungulates from the genus Anaplasma that are recently emerging in Central Europe. The main aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and genetic variability of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis in small ruminants and questing ticks from six different sites in Slovakia and the Czech Republic using the PCR of the msp4 gene followed by the sequence analysis. At two farms from southeastern Slovakia, 66.1% small ruminants were infected with A. ovis in contrast to one positive animal from both sites in northern Slovakia. It was represented by two different genotypes. A. phagocytophilum was present in all tested flocks with the infection prevalence ranging from 0.9% to 5.7%. None of the tested questing ticks carried A. ovis. A. phagocytophilum was detected in 1.1% and 7.8% of questing Ixodes ricinus ticks collected around the farms located in southeastern and northern Slovakia, respectively. A. phagocytophilum revealed higher intraspecific diversity than A. ovis.
- MeSH
- Anaplasma ovis genetika MeSH
- Anaplasma klasifikace genetika MeSH
- anaplasmóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- klíšťata mikrobiologie MeSH
- kozy MeSH
- membránové proteiny genetika MeSH
- nemoci koz mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci ovcí mikrobiologie MeSH
- nemoci přenášené klíšťaty mikrobiologie MeSH
- objevující se infekční nemoci mikrobiologie veterinární MeSH
- ovce MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
Blackbirds (Turdus merula) and song thrushes (Turdus philomelos) were found to carry 95% of all spirochete-infected tick larvae among 40 bird species captured in Central Europe. More than 90% of the infections were typed as Borrelia garinii and Borrelia valaisiana. We conclude that thrushes are key players in the maintenance of these spirochete species in this region of Central Europe.
- MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex genetika MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi rodu Borrelia epidemiologie veterinární MeSH
- klíšťata genetika mikrobiologie MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- nemoci ptáků mikrobiologie MeSH
- Passeriformes mikrobiologie parazitologie MeSH
- prevalence MeSH
- regresní analýza MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- sekvence nukleotidů MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA veterinární MeSH
- zdroje nemoci mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
The presence of Anaplasma spp. and Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in rodents from Eastern Slovakia were followed by serological and molecular methods. The seroprevalence for Borrelia was detected in 16.6 %, for Anaplasmataceae (APT) in 13.2 % and co-occurrence of Borrelia and APT in 7.5 %. Out of 110 ear biopsies of rodents, 5 were B. afzelii-positive. Five biopsies tested positive with the Ehr521-Ehr747 primers amplifying all the members of the family APT. A. phagocytophilum was detected in 1.8 %, 2.7 % were infected with Anaplasma-like organisms. Co-occurrence of Borrelia and Anaplasma in ear biopsies was found in 1.8 %. The circulation of both Borrelia and Anaplasma in the region of Eastern Slovakia was confirmed.
- MeSH
- Anaplasmataceae genetika imunologie izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Arvicolinae mikrobiologie MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- ELISA MeSH
- infekce bakteriemi čeledi Anaplasmataceae MeSH
- lymeská nemoc MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- Murinae mikrobiologie MeSH
- myši MeSH
- nemoci hlodavců diagnóza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální krev MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- sekvenční seřazení MeSH
- séroepidemiologické studie MeSH
- zdroje nemoci MeSH
- zevní ucho mikrobiologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
- MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex patogenita MeSH
- epidemiologické studie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymeská nemoc diagnóza imunologie patologie MeSH
- přenos infekční nemoci MeSH
- protilátky bakteriální analýza MeSH
- tvorba protilátek MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
In Europe the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is represented by five distinct genospecies: Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia garinii, Borrelia valaisiana, and Borrelia lusitaniae. These taxonomic entities are known to differ in their specific associations with vertebrate hosts and to provoke distinct clinical manifestations in human patients. However, exceptions to these rules have often been observed, indicating that strains belonging to a single genospecies may be more heterogeneous than expected. It is, therefore, important to develop alternative identification tools which are able to distinguish Borrelia strains not only at the specific level but also at the intraspecific level. DNA from a sample of 370 Ixodes ricinus ticks collected in the Czech Republic was analyzed by PCR for the presence of a approximately 230-bp fragment of the rrfA-rrlB intergenic spacer of Borrelia spp. A total of 20.5% of the ticks were found to be positive. The infecting genospecies were identified by analyzing the amplified products by the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method with restriction enzyme MseI and by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. The two methods were compared, and PCR-SSCP analysis appeared to be a valuable tool for rapid identification of spirochetes at the intraspecific level, particularly when large samples are examined. Furthermore, by using PCR-SSCP analysis we identified a previously unknown Borrelia genotype, genotype I-77, which would have gone unnoticed if RFLP analysis alone had been used.
- MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex klasifikace genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika izolace a purifikace MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genetická variace * MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- klíště mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mezerníky ribozomální DNA genetika MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce metody MeSH
- polymorfismus délky restrikčních fragmentů MeSH
- polymorfismus konformace jednovláknové DNA * MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- hodnotící studie MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- MeSH
- Anaplasma izolace a purifikace MeSH
- Borrelia burgdorferi komplex izolace a purifikace MeSH
- DNA bakterií MeSH
- ehrlichióza epidemiologie mikrobiologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymeská nemoc epidemiologie MeSH
- zdroje nemoci MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Slovenská republika MeSH
