INTRODUCTION: Pain is the most common reason for seeking medical treatment. Despite extensive research efforts and effective analgesics modulating pain, there is still a major therapeutic gap in addressing the root causes of pain. Pain is associated with tissue damage induced by oxidative stress and induction of inflammatory mediators following high consumption of antioxidants. The role of antioxidants in general, and the administration of L-ascorbate in particular, is still controversially discussed and underestimated in the daily clinical practice. METHODS: The current literature on the therapeutic effect of L-ascorbate, ascorbic acid, and vitamin C on various pain conditions was evaluated against the background of evidence-based medicine. Those articles, obtained from systematic search in PubMed, were critically assessed and rated in terms of evidence level and methodological quality by two independent experts. The primary purpose of this work was to establish specific pain therapy guidance for intravenous L-ascorbate. RESULTS: A PubMed search revealed 14 suitable articles comprising controlled clinical trials and meta-analyses. An additional ten publications could be identified via secondary literature. There is supporting evidence for the efficacy of ascorbate treatment in inflammatory pain conditions, in the complex regional pain syndrome, in post zoster neuralgia, in neuropathic pain, in post-operative pain conditions, and in tumor-related pain. However, the considered studies differ in the type of administration, in dosage, in duration of treatment, as well as in quality of research. Despite all study heterogeneity, it became evident that research of high scientific quality is in support of the efficacy of L-ascorbate in pain treatment. DISCUSSION: Oxidative stress is present in almost all pain conditions. Because oral administration of most magistral formulas of vitamin C does not provide biological availability, parenteral administration should be preferred and can be supported by an oral dose with high bioavailability on days without intravenous treatment. L-ascorbate should be preferred for parenteral high dosage, rather than ascorbic acid, as it does not release acid valences under physiological conditions. CONCLUSIONS: L-ascorbate is an effective, safe, and economically favorable integrative treatment option for various pain conditions, addressing the root cause of tissue damage and inflammatory mediator burst.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
2., přeprac. a dopl. vyd. 364 s. : il., tab. ; 23 cm
Slovník přehlednou formou informuje o základních pojmech z imunologie a alergologie. Obsahuje též základní hesla z genetiky a molekulární biologie.
- MeSH
- alergologie a imunologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- slovníky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- alergologie a imunologie
Druhé, přepracované a doplněné vydání 364 s. : il., tab. ; 23 cm
- MeSH
- alergologie a imunologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- slovníky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- alergologie a imunologie
Milk is a complex physiological liquid that simultaneously provides nutrients and bioactive components that facilitate the successful postnatal adaptation of the newborn infant by stimulating cellular growth and digestive maturation, the establishment of symbiotic microflora, and the development of gut-associated lymphoid tissues. The number, the potency, and the importance of bioactive compounds in milk and especially in fermented milk products are probably greater than previously thought. They include certain vitamins, specific proteins, bioactive peptides, oligosaccharides, organic (including fatty) acids. Some of them are normal milk components, others emerge during digestive or fermentation processes. Fermented dairy products and probiotic bacteria decrease the absorption of cholesterol. Whey proteins, medium-chain fatty acids and in particular calcium and other minerals may contribute to the beneficial effect of dairy food on body fat and body mass. There has been growing evidence of the role that dairy proteins play in the regulation of satiety, food intake and obesity-related metabolic disorders. Milk proteins, peptides, probiotic lactic acid bacteria, calcium and other minerals can significantly reduce blood pressure. Milk fat contains a number of components having functional properties. Sphingolipids and their active metabolites may exert antimicrobial effects either directly or upon digestion.
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- fermentace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mateřské mléko MeSH
- mléčné výrobky MeSH
- mléko MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- potraviny MeSH
- zdraví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- novorozenec MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
Inflammation is a key component of the immune system. It has important functions in both defense and pathophysiological events maintaining the dynamic homeostasis of a host organism including its tissues, organs and individual cells. On the cellular level it is controlled by more than 400 currently known genes. Their polymorphisms and environmental conditions give rise to different genotypes in human population. Pro-inflammatory genotype, which dominates in the present population, may be advantageous in childhood but not in elderly people because it is characterized by an increased vulnerability to, and intensity of, inflammatory reactions. These reactions may be the possible reasons of chronic inflammatory diseases, especially in old age. Better understanding of complex molecular and cellular inflammatory mechanisms is indispensable for detailed knowledge of pathogenesis of many diseases, their prevention and directed drug therapy. Here we summarize the basic current knowledge on these mechanisms.
- MeSH
- Alzheimerova nemoc etiologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- autoimunitní nemoci genetika imunologie MeSH
- finanční podpora výzkumu jako téma MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- kardiovaskulární nemoci etiologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolický syndrom etiologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- nádory etiologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- polymorfismus genetický fyziologie genetika imunologie MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zánět genetika imunologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
