OBJECTIVES: During the covid-19 pandemic, protective equipment such as respirators and masks were widely used to protect respiratory tract. This disposable protective equipment is usually made from plastic fibre-based nonwoven fabrics. If used masks and respirators are improperly discarded, they pollute the environment by becoming a source of micro and nanoplastics. The aim of the study was to find out how stable the materials of protective equipment are and how released nano and microplastics can affect aquatic and soil organisms. MATERIALS: The input materials used to produce respirators and masks were tested for their thermal stability and resistance to the release of plastic particles into the environment. To determine the thermal stability of the materials, a simultaneous thermal analysis - thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were performed. RESULTS: Materials of masks and respirators are stable at temperatures common to temperate climate zone. However, the possible effects of chemical reactions of the materials with the environment were not considered during the measurement. The materials were also subjected to ecotoxicity tests according to European standards. CONCLUSION: While the leachate obtained by shaking the materials in water did not show acute toxicity to the selected aquatic organisms, the material itself had a significant effect on selected soil organisms (springtails).
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * prevence a kontrola MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- pandemie MeSH
- plastické hmoty MeSH
- prostředky na ochranu dýchání * MeSH
- SARS-CoV-2 MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
The Czech Republic, like other member states of the European Union, has implemented Directive 2000/54/EC. However, the resulting form of the transposition does not fully correspond to the requirements set out in the di-rective. Above all, the omission of the terms containmentand physical containment level, which are used not only in the directive, but also in the text of technical standards, is very problematic. As a result of the absence of the men-tioned terms, it is very difficult for many employees to orient themselves in the Czech legal regulations focused on safety and health protection when working with biolog-icalagents.ThearticlesummarizestherequirementssetbyCzech regulations and compares them with the require-ments of the Directive 2000/54/EC and technical stand-ards. At the same time, it offers the reader a selection of the main regulations of anon-normative nature that have been created by international organizations (World health organization and European Committee for Standardiza-tion) in order to manage biological risk in the workplace.
- MeSH
- geriatrie * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nemocniční oddělení * MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
V článku je popsán případ vzácné yersiniové infekce vyvolané druhem Yersinia pseudotuberculosis u pětiletého chlapce přijatého k hospitalizaci. Infekce probíhala pod obrazem tzv. syndromu pravého dolního kvadrantu, resp. terminální ileitis. Kmen yersinie byl izolován ze stolice a jsou zde uvedeny jeho biochemické vlastnosti. Konfirmaci provedla Národní referenční laboratoř pro E. coli a shigely. Pseudotuberkulóza se v ČR vyskytuje velmi vzácně, a proto si autoři dovolují na tuto infekci upozornit. Zvětšení mízních uzlin v pravém dolním kvadrantu břicha by mělo vzbudit podezření na toto onemocnění.
The article describes a case of a rare infection caused by Yersinia pseudotuberculosis in a five-year-old boy admitted to the hospital. The infection was manifested by the so-called right lower quadrant syndrome, or terminal ileitis. The Y. pseudotuberculosis strain was isolated from the patient’s feces and its biochemical properties are reported. Confirmation was performed by the National Reference Laboratory for E. coli and Shigella. Since pseudotuberculosis is very rare in the Czech Republic, the authors would like to draw attention to this infection. Enlargement of lymph nodes in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen may suggest the infection caused by Y. pseudotuberculosis.
