The Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, St. Anne‘s University Hospital in Brno, and Faculty of Medicine of Masaryk University, Brno, has a long history of surgical treatment of lymphedema and elephantiasis, which started in 1970s. There were many types of surgeries described and performed at our department – starting with prof. Bařinka‘s radical operation of elephantiasis, then lower limb end-to-side lymphovenous anastomosis pulled through the wall to the great saphenous vein, and genital lymphedema reduction. We call this era “the first period” of surgical lymphedema treatment. “The second period” started in 2016 by using free flaps with lymph nodes or vascularized lymph nodes and using microsurgical techniques of end-to-end, end-to-side and side-to-end lymphovenous anastomoses to the subcutaneous veins of a small calibre, which then drain the lymph into the blood stream. “The third period” started 2 years ago after the visit of prof. Yang from Taiwan – we started to use the method of single stitch end-to-side anastomosis to big subcutaneous veins like the great saphenous vein or the cephalic vein.
- Klíčová slova
- Bařinkova operace,
- MeSH
- anastomóza chirurgická klasifikace metody MeSH
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- elefantiáza chirurgie diagnóza terapie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lymfedém * chirurgie diagnóza terapie MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie * dějiny klasifikace metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dějiny 20. století MeSH
- dějiny 21. století MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
BACKGROUND: Identifying relevant perforators is crucial in planning a deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap. Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) has gained popularity for localizing perforators; however, current evidence on its efficiency is still inconclusive. This study aimed to compare the efficiency of CDU with that of computed tomography angiography (CTA) in localizing and selecting the relevant perforators. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 60 patients undergoing DIEP flap breast reconstruction (uni- or bilateral) were randomly assigned to the CDU group (i.e., CDU was performed to map and select the relevant perforators preoperatively) or the CTA+CDU group (i.e., mapping was based on CTA and supplemented by CDU). CDU was performed by the same surgeon with a well-defined sonography experience from our previous study. The reference XY coordinates of the dissected perforators were measured intraoperatively, and deviations from preoperatively deducted coordinates were calculated (ΔCDU or ΔCTA+CDU). The flaps were categorized according to the number of dissected perforators, and adherence to the preoperative strategy was evaluated. RESULTS: Overall, 22 patients (30 flaps) in the CTA+CDU group and 27 (39 flaps) patients in the CDU group were evaluated. The average ΔCDU (0.6 cm) was significantly lower than the average ΔCTA+CDU (1.0 cm) (p < 0.001). Adherence to the mapping-based dissection strategy was higher in the CDU group; however, the difference was insignificant (p = 0.092). CONCLUSION: CDU is not inferior to CTA + CDU in localizing and selecting relevant DIEA perforators. Therefore, CDU mapping is a possible complementary or substitute modality for CTA mapping.
- MeSH
- arteriae epigastricae diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- CT angiografie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mamoplastika * metody MeSH
- perforátorový lalok * chirurgie MeSH
- ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of neoplasm mortality among women. Several prevention strategies have been implemented to early detect and prevent the cancer occurrence. The most effective protocol includes prevention mastectomy for the high-risk patients. In our study, we have compared the efficacy of subcutaneous mastectomy (SCM) and skin sparing mastectomy (SSM) in long-term follow up. Methods: We have included 201 female patients who have been treated at our department over the course of 20 years between 2000 and 2019. All the patients were at high risk of developing breast cancer and therefore were indicated for the prophylactic mastectomy. The main indication was the presence of the mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 cluster, however, even in the lack of such mutation, the family history was sufficient for the mastectomy indication. Patients underwent either SCM, SSM or areola sparing mastectomy (ASM), and were allocated to aforementioned groups, respectively. We have collected the data regarding the reconstruction method along with age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) and presence of predisposing genetic mutations such as BRCA positivity. Results: The patients who underwent SSM compared to those who underwent SCM were of higher age, with higher BMI and body mass. The patients in SSM group had statistically significantly higher BMI than in ASM. There was no difference in efficacy between patients who underwent SSM and SCM. The majority of patients (91.5%) were positive for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. In our study, only four patients were tested negative for known breast cancer inducing mutation (three in SCM and one in SSM). The most common reconstruction method was an abdominal flap and breast implant. Conclusions: Prophylactic mastectomy is a reliable strategy for significantly reducing the number of breast cancer incidence in high-risk patients regardless of the selected method of mastectomy. These operations allow for the subsequent reconstruction with the whole spectrum of reconstructive options.
BACKGROUND: Perforator mapping using diagnostic methods facilitates deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap planning. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is a well-proven tool for perforator mapping. However, the benefits of color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) are as follows: 1) CDU involves dynamic real-time examination and 2) does not use radiation. Comparing the accuracies of both methods in a cohort of patients, this study aimed to evaluate the learning curve of surgeon-conducted CDU perforator mapping. METHODS: Twenty patients undergoing DIEP flap breast reconstruction were enrolled in a cohort study. All patients underwent CTA perforator mapping preoperatively. XY coordinates of significant perforators were subtracted by a radiologist. A single surgeon (sonographer) with minimal experience with CDU performed CDU perforator mapping, including XY coordinates subtraction. The sonographer was blinded to the CTA data. The reference coordinates of dissected perforators were measured during surgery. Deviations from reference coordinates for both methods were compared, and CDU mapping learning curve was assessed using Joinpoint Regression. RESULTS: We included 20 women (32 DIEP flaps and 59 dissected perforators). The mean deviation between mapped and reference coordinates was 1.00 (0.50-1.12) cm for CDU and 0.71 (0.50-1.12) cm for CTA. The learning curve of CDU mapping showed the breaking point after the seventh patient (≈ 21 localized perforators). After the breaking point, no significant differences between the deviations of both methods were found (p = 0.980). CONCLUSION: A limited number of examinations were needed for the surgeon to learn CDU DIEA perforator mapping with accuracy similar to that of CTA mapping.
- MeSH
- arteriae epigastricae diagnostické zobrazování chirurgie MeSH
- chirurgové * MeSH
- kohortové studie MeSH
- křivka učení MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mamoplastika * metody MeSH
- perforátorový lalok * krevní zásobení MeSH
- ultrasonografie dopplerovská barevná metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- MeSH
- genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
- genetické poradenství MeSH
- genetické testování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- nádory prsu * etiologie genetika MeSH
- nádory vaječníků * etiologie genetika MeSH
- profylaktická mastektomie MeSH
- rizikové faktory MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- přehledy MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
V současné době patří rekonstrukce volným lalokem k zlatému standardu léčby devastačních poranění dolní končetiny. Jedním z hlavních faktorů přímo ovlivňujících úspěšnost léčby je riziko infekčních komplikací. Kolonizace a následná infekce vláknitými houbami patří i v dnešní době v případě imunokompetentních pacientů k raritně se vyskytujícím. Jejich nízký výskyt je nicméně kompenzován fulminantním a často podceňovaným průběhem. Charakteristickými rysy je rychlá lokální destrukce tkáně, která spolu se silným angio-invazivním potenciálem snadno vede k diseminaci do organismu. V této případové studii prezentujeme případ devastačního poranění dolní končetiny, kde bylo k záchraně končetiny využito přenosu volného svalu latissimus dorsi. Stav byl dále komplikován v důsledku invazivní infekce vláknitými houbami zástupci Mucor circinelloides a Fusarium. V závěrečné části článku se rovněž stručně věnujeme výskytu podobných případů v literatuře v podobě krátkého literárního review.
Nowadays, free flap reconstruction in devastating lower limb trauma is a standard procedure in reconstructive surgery. The greatest factor directly affecting limb salvage is still the risk of infectious complications, whether local or systemic. Fungal wound infections are not among the most common infection complications in surgery, but their low incidence is compensated for by their fulminant and serious course, as well as severe local tissue destruction and strong angio-invasive potential together with the possibility of dissemination. In this case study, we present an example of a devastating lower leg injury, solved using latissimus free flap reconstruction, with subsequent difficult and prolonged healing, due to an invasive filamentous fungi infection. In the final part of the article, we focus briefly on the occurrence of similar cases in the literature.
- MeSH
- dopravní nehody MeSH
- houby MeSH
- infekce v ráně etiologie MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mykózy MeSH
- poranění nohy (od hlezna dolů) * chirurgie komplikace MeSH
- volné tkáňové laloky MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- kazuistiky MeSH
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
