Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) complicated by intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) represents a substantial proportion of preterm birth cases. Currently, IAI is frequently defined as amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration above 2,600 pg/mL. However, the amniotic fluid IL-6 concentration was never correlated with the global response of other proinflammatory proteins to the ongoing IAI. In this cross-sectional study, protein quantification was performed using mass spectrometry (MS) analysis followed by target quantification of selected proinflammatory proteins. Levels of amniotic fluid proteins determined by MS were put into the correlation with IL-6 concentration determined by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay method (ECLIA). In total, 925 proteins were efficiently quantified and differential expression analysis revealed 378 proteins upregulated towards IL-6 concentration above 10,000 pg/mL. Four proteins (LCN2, MMP8, MPO, and S100A12) were selected to verify the achieved results and IL-6 concentration of 10,000 pg/mL was determined as the cut-off value for global IAI response.

• MeSH
• biologické markery metabolismus   MeSH
• chorioamnionitida * metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interleukin-6 metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plodová voda * metabolismus   MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * metabolismus   patologie   MeSH
• protein S100A12 metabolismus   MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět * metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

UNLABELLED: Rapid antigen tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are commonly used for the diagnosis of Covid-19. Previously published data showed a wide range of sensitivity and specificity of RATs, but these studies were performed on relatively small numbers of samples and using only limited numbers of virus variants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the main parameters of a commonly used RAT for 4 different virus variants in comparison with PCR. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A set of 2874 samples obtained from Covid-19 patients were examined both by PCR and RAT. Two commercial PCR kits (Generi Biotech, Diana Biotechnologies) and one RAT - Abbott PanbioTM COVID 19 Ag Rapid - were compared for their sensitivity and specificity in samples positive for one of the four different SARS-CoV-2 variants - B.1.258 (n = 496), Alpha (n = 645), Delta/Delta+ (n = 687), and Omicron (n = 1046). RESULTS: The sensitivity of PanbioTM COVID19 Ag Rapid test varied from 80.0 % in Omicron to 88.92 % in Alpha variants. The specificities of the RAT for all variants reached above 93 %. Statistically significant differences were found between the results from RAT assay in select virus variants. In addition, significantly higher sensitivity (p < 0.05) was detected in samples with higher viral loads than in those with lower. CONCLUSION: Despite the different sensitivity and specificity of PanbioTM COVID19 Ag Rapid test (Abbott ®) for different SARS-CoV-2 variants, this test sensitivity was proven to be always above the 80 % suggested by WHO, which makes it suitable for common use, regardless of the virus variability.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine the differences in the cervical load and prevalence of Lactobacillus crispatus DNA, Lactobacillus iners DNA, Gardnerella vaginalis DNA, Sneathia sanguinegens DNA, and Ureaplasma species DNA between pregnant women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with and without a history of cervical excisional treatment. We also assessed the changes in the cervical load and prevalence of L. crispatus DNA, L. iners DNA, G. vaginalis DNA, S. sanguinegens DNA, and U. spp DNA. according to the cone length. METHODS: This retrospective study included 132 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM. For all women, information about the cervical loads of bacterial DNA corresponding to L. crispatus, L. iners, G. vaginalis, S. sanguinegens, and U. spp., which was assessed using PCR, was available. RESULTS: Women with a history of cervical excisional treatment had a higher cervical load of L. iners DNA (4.4 × 106 copies DNA/mL vs. 3.5 × 105 copies DNA/mL, p = .04) and a higher load and prevalence of U. spp. DNA (1.1 × 105 copies DNA/mL vs. 9.6 × 104 copies DNA/mL, p = .03; 2.7% vs. 0.5%, p = .04) than those without a history of cervical excisional treatment. In the subset of women with a history of cervical excisional treatment, those with a cone length 18 mm and more had a lower relative abundance of L. crispatus DNA (6% vs. 89%, p = .02), a higher load and relative abundance of L. iners DNA (1.1 × 107 copies DNA/mL vs. 8.2 × 105 copies DNA/mL, p = .04; 91% vs. 35%, p = .04), and higher loads of G. vaginalis DNA (7.6 × 104 copies DNA/mL vs. 3.2 × 102 copies DNA/mL, p = .02) than those with cone length < 18 mm. CONCLUSIONS: A history of cervical excisional treatment was associated with alterations in the cervical microbiota composition in pregnant women with PPROM.

• MeSH
• cervix uteri * mikrobiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Gardnerella vaginalis izolace a purifikace   genetika   MeSH
• Lactobacillus izolace a purifikace   genetika   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * mikrobiologie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Ureaplasma izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Bacterial ocular infections represent a common public health problem affecting people of all age groups. These infections can lead to damage of ocular structures or even a loss of vision. The spectrum of isolated bacteria and their susceptibilities to antibiotics, however, shows geographical variabilities, which can affect the success of most empirically-administered antimicrobial therapies. The aim of this study was thus to analyse bacterial aetiology in culture-positive acute and chronic ocular infections and its antimicrobial susceptibility profile in a large cohort of patients in the Czech Republic. The study also focused on corynebacteria identification, particularly on the prevalence of Corynebacterium macginleyi. A total of 2500 bacterial isolates obtained from 2015 to 2020 in University Hospital Hradec Kralove were included in the study. A total of 2320 (92.8%) bacterial isolates were Gram-positive and 180 (7.2%) were Gram-negative. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant pathogen, isolated from 15.3% of ocular infections, followed by Enterobacterales, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, isolated in 2.9%, 1.6% and 1.0%, respectively. Corynebacterium macginleyi was confirmed as the most prevalent species of corynebacteria. Most bacteria showed good susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, chloramphenicol, and aminoglycosides. Gram-positive bacteria were also susceptible to tetracycline. To conclude, this study presents a 5-year assessment of bacterial aetiology of ocular infections in the East Bohemian region. The survey showed clear differences in the susceptibilities of several bacteria to select antibiotics compared to studies from other geographical regions in Europe. This clearly shows that local surveillance of the aetiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria is essential for adequate empirical therapy of ocular infections.

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * farmakologie   MeSH
• Bacteria * účinky léků   izolace a purifikace   klasifikace   MeSH
• bakteriální léková rezistence MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiální testy citlivosti * MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• oční infekce bakteriální mikrobiologie   farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the relative counts of different leukocyte subsets in peripheral and umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with respect to the presence of intraamniotic inflammation (IAI) and fetal inflammatory response syndrome (FIRS). METHODS: Fifty-two women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM were included in this study. From samples of peripheral and umbilical cord blood, relative counts of these leukocyte subpopulations were determined using multicolor flow cytometry: granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, T cells and their subpopulations, B cells and their subpopulations, and NK cells and their subpopulations. IAI was defined as increased concentrations of interleukin 6 in the amniotic fluid. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis. RESULTS: Women with IAI had higher relative counts of monocytes (p = 0.04) in peripheral blood. There was an increased relative number of granulocytes (p = 0.003) and a decreased number of lymphocytes (p = 0.0048), helper CD4+ T cells (p = 0.019), NK cells (p = 0.0001) within leukocytes, NK cells within lymphocytes (p = 0.003) and CD16+ NK cells within NK cells (p = 0.005) in umbilical cord blood samples of women with FIRS. However, after adjusting the results for gestational age at sampling, all differences disappeared. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of IAI or FIRS is not accompanied by significant changes in the relative counts of immune cells in peripheral blood or umbilical cord blood in pregnancies complicated by PPROM.

• MeSH
• chorioamnionitida imunologie   krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fetální krev * imunologie   cytologie   MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   metabolismus   MeSH
• leukocyty imunologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plodová voda imunologie   metabolismus   MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * imunologie   krev   MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• syndrom systémové zánětlivé reakce imunologie   krev   MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět imunologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE: Mycobacterium (M.) chelonae is responsible for a half of relatively rare nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) keratitis. We report a case of M. chelonae keratitis in a woman following sclerocorneal suture extraction after cataract surgery. RESULTS: A 70-year-old woman presented with a red eye and corneal infiltration of her left eye six weeks following sclerocorneal suture extraction after an elective cataract surgery in another institute. She complained of a sharp, cutting pain and photophobia. Since initial corneal scrapes and conjunctival swabs proved no pathogen using culture and PCR methods, non-specific antibiotics and antifungal agents were administered. As keratitis was complicated by an inflammation in the anterior chamber and vitreous, samples of the vitreous fluid were sent for microbiologic examination. DNA of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was repeatedly detected. Since the intrastromal abscess had formed, corneal re-scrapings were performed and M. chelonae was detected using culture, MALDI-TOF MS and PCR methods. Therapy was changed to a combination of oral and topical clarithromycin, intravitreal, topical and intracameral amikacin, and oral and topical moxifloxacin. The successful therapy led to stabilization. The optical penetrating keratoplasty was performed and no signs of the infection recurrence were found. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial keratitis is difficult and often delayed. An aggressive and prolonged antimicrobial therapy should include systemic and topical antibiotics. Surgical intervention in the form of corneal transplantation may be required in the active and nonresponsive infection. In the presented case this was necessary for visual rehabilitation due to scarring.

• MeSH
• amikacin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• antibakteriální látky * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• atypické mykobakteriální infekce * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   mikrobiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• fluorochinolony terapeutické užití   MeSH
• keratitida * diagnóza   farmakoterapie   mikrobiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• klarithromycin terapeutické užití   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• moxifloxacin * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Mycobacterium chelonae * izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

The main aim of this study was to determine expanded sequence types (eSTs) of Ureaplasma species (U. spp.). DNA isolated from the amniotic fluid of pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) using an expanded multilocus sequence typing scheme. Additionally, the study sought to examine whether phylogenetic subgroups of U. spp. DNA differ with respect to maternal demographic and clinical parameters and selected aspects of short-term neonatal morbidity. This retrospective cohort study was focused on singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM occurring between the gestational ages of 24+0 and 36+6 weeks, where amniocentesis was conducted to assess the intra-amniotic environment and the presence of U. spp. DNA in the amniotic fluid samples was confirmed. The stored aliquots of U. spp. DNA were used to assess differences in nucleotide sequences in six U. spp. genes (ftsH, rpL22, valS, thrS,ureG, and mba-np1) using the eMLST scheme. The expanded multilocus sequence typing scheme was performed in 73 samples of U. spp. DNA isolated from pregnancies complicated by PPROM. In total, 33 different U. spp. DNA eSTs were revealed, 21 (#20, 233-244, 248-251, 253, 255, 259, and 262) of which were novel. The most frequently identified eST was #41, identified in 18% (13/73) of the aliquots. Based on their genetic relationships, the U. spp. DNA was divided into two clusters and four subgroups [cluster I (U. parvum): A, 43% (n = 31); B, 15% (n = 11); and C, 26% (n = 19); cluster II (U. urealyticum): 1; 16% (n = 12)]. Cluster II had a higher rate of polymicrobial findings than cluster I (58% vs 16%; p = 0.005), while subgroup A had the highest rate of concomitant Mycoplasma hominis in the amniotic fluid samples (66%; p = 0.04). In conclusion, Ureaplasma spp. DNA obtained from PPROM consisted of 33 different eSTs of U. spp. DNA. No differences in maternal and neonatal characteristics were found among the phylogenetical subgroups of U. spp. DNA, except for a higher rate of polymicrobial amniotic fluid findings in those with U. urealyticumand the concomitant presence of M. hominis in the amniotic fluid in those with the presence of U. parvum.

• MeSH
• DNA bakterií analýza   genetika   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fylogeneze MeSH
• gestační stáří MeSH
• infekční komplikace v těhotenství mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• multilokusová sekvenční typizace * MeSH
• plodová voda * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Ureaplasma * genetika   izolace a purifikace   MeSH
• ureaplasmatické infekce * mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to assess variations in the absolute counts of various leukocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of women with pregnancies affected by preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM), in relation to the presence of intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI). METHODS: The study included fifty-two women with singleton pregnancies experiencing PPROM. Absolute counts of different leukocyte subpopulations, such as granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes, T cells and their subsets, B cells and their subsets, and NK cells and their subsets, were measured in maternal peripheral blood samples using multicolour flow cytometry. IAI was identified by elevated concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6) in the amniotic fluid, which was collected through transabdominal amniocentesis. RESULTS: Women with IAI exhibited higher absolute counts of leukocytes (p = 0.003), granulocytes (p = 0.008), and monocytes (p = 0.009). However, the presence of IAI did not significantly affect the absolute counts of lymphocytes or their subpopulations. CONCLUSIONS: The study found that IAI is associated with changes in the absolute counts of leukocytes from the innate immunity compartment in the peripheral blood of women with pregnancies complicated by PPROM. Conversely, it does not significantly alter the counts of cells from the adaptive immune system. The changes observed may reflect the natural, temporal, and localised characteristics of IAI.

• MeSH
• amniocentéza MeSH
• chorioamnionitida * krev   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interleukin-6 krev   analýza   MeSH
• leukocyty MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• plodová voda cytologie   MeSH
• počet leukocytů MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * krev   MeSH
• přirozená imunita MeSH
• průtoková cytometrie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate CD36 concentrations in amniotic fluid in pregnancies complicated by spontaneous delivery with intact fetal membranes (preterm labor, PTL) and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) with respect to the presence of the intra-amniotic infection. METHODS: A total of 80 women with PPROM and 71 with PTL were included in the study. Amniotic fluid samples were obtained by transabdominal amniocentesis. Amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Microbial colonization of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) was determined by the cultivation and non-cultivation approach. Intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) was defined as an amniotic fluid bedside interleukin-6 concentration ≥3000 pg/mL. Intra-amniotic infection was characterized by the presence of both MIAC and IAI. RESULTS: Women with PPROM with intra-amniotic infection had higher amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations than women without infection (with infection: median 346 pg/mL, IQR 262-384 vs. without infection: median 242 pg/mL, IQR 199-304; p = .006) A positive correlation between amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations and interleukin-6 concentrations was found (rho = 0.48; p < .0001). In PTL pregnancies, no statistically significant difference was found in the amniotic fluid level of CD36 between intra-amniotic infection, sterile IAI, and negative amniotic fluid. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intra-amniotic infection is characterized by higher amniotic fluid CD36 concentrations in pregnancies complicated by PPROM. An amniotic fluid CD36 cutoff value of 252.5 pg/mL was found to be optimal for the prediction of intra-amniotic infection. In PTL pregnancies, no statistically significant change in CD36 concentration was found with respect to the presence of intra-amniotic infection.

• MeSH
• chorioamnionitida * MeSH
• gestační stáří MeSH
• interleukin-6 MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• plodová voda MeSH
• předčasný odtok plodové vody * etiologie   MeSH
• předčasný porod * MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• zánět komplikace   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Mycobacterium chelonae, a rapidly growing nontuberculous mycobacterium, is usually described as a causative agent of soft tissue infections (postsurgical, posttraumatic, posttransplantation, postinjection, catheter infection, etc.), but only rarely as a cause of osteomyelitis. The authors describe a case report of a 72-year-old man with osteomyelitis of the talus. Initially, the infection was assessed as a soft tissue infection, without any osteolytic changes on the X-ray. After cultivation with subsequent targeted molecular typing of the rpoB gene, M. chelonae was identified from the affected tissue. The bone involvement was subsequently detected on MRI and confirmed histologically with findings of the granulomatous tissue and acid-fast bacilli. The patient was initially treated intravenously with a combination of tigecycline, amikacin, and moxifloxacin for 4 weeks, after which the oral combination of doxycycline and moxifloxacin continued. Identification of the infecting pathogen using molecular typing thus helped to establish the correct diagnosis and represents a rarely described case of osteomyelitis caused by M. chelonae.

• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH