Aims: Gross pathology inspection (patho) is the gold standard for the morphological evaluation of focal myocardial pathology. Examination with 9.4 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a new method for very accurate display of myocardial pathology. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that lesions can be measured on high-resolution MRI images with the same accuracy as on pathological sections and compare these two methods for the evaluation of radiofrequency (RF) ablation lesion dimensions in swine heart tissue during animal experiment. Methods: Ten pigs underwent radiofrequency ablations in the left ventricle during animal experiment. After animal euthanasia, hearts were explanted, flushed with ice-cold cardioplegic solution to relax the whole myocardium, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and scanned with a 9.4 T magnetic resonance system. Anatomical images were processed using ImageJ software. Subsequently, the hearts were sliced, slices were photographed and measured in ImageJ software. Different dimensions and volumes were compared. Results: The results of both methods were statistically compared. Depth by MRI was 8.771 ± 2.595 mm and by patho 9.008 ± 2.823 mm; p = 0.198. Width was 10.802 ± 2.724 mm by MRI and 11.125 ± 2.801 mm by patho; p = 0.049. Estuary was 2.006 ± 0.867 mm by MRI and 2.001 ± 0.872 mm by patho; p = 0.953. The depth at the maximum diameter was 4.734 ± 1.532 mm on MRI and 4.783 ± 1.648 mm from the patho; p = 0.858. The volumes of the lesions calculated using a formula were 315.973 ± 257.673 mm3 for MRI and 355.726 ± 255.860 mm3 for patho; p = 0.104. Volume directly measured from MRI with the "point-by-point" method was 671.702 ± 362.299 mm3. Conclusion: Measurements obtained from gross pathology inspection and MRI are fully comparable. The advantage of MRI is that it is a non-destructive method enabling repeated measurements in all possible anatomical projections.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Úvod: Thorakoskopická radiofrekvenční ablace technikou "single stage" je metodou léčby perzistující a dlouhodobě perzistující fibrilace síní (FS) nabízející možnost pro pacienty jinak neřešitelné konvenční katétrovou radiofrekvenční ablací. Prezentujeme úvodní soubor pacientů po zavedení nové metody na našem pracovišti. Metody: Celkem 52 pacientů ve věku 61,82 ± 9,7 roku podstoupilo v období září 2016 – březen 2019 single stage hybridní ablaci (thorakoskopická izolace plicních žil a „box lesion“ následovaná katétrovým ověřením efektu chirurgické části výkonu) pro symptomatickou perzistující a dlouhodobě perzistující FS s výrazně dilatovanou levou síní 57,9 ± 11,0 mm. Výsledky: Střední doba výkonu dosahovala 232 minut a střední doba hospitalizace byla 10 dnů. Při propuštění mělo 52 pacientů (100 %) sinusový rytmus. Šestiměsíční kontrolu absolvovalo 48 z 52 pacientů (92,3 %). Při první kontrole po třech měsících od výkonu bylo 41 ze 48 (85,4 %) pacientů bez záchytu FS, při druhé kontrole po 6 měsících bylo bez FS 38 ze 44 dále sledovaných pacientů (86,4). Akutní komplikace byla zaznamenána 1× perforace levé síně řešená úspěšně suturou a 1× tranzitorní ischemická ataka bez trvalých následků. Pozdní komplikace 1× masivní plicní embolizace, 1× atrioezofageální píštěl. Nebyl zaznamenán žádný periprocedurální infarkt myokardu ani cévní mozková příhoda s trvalými následky. Závěr: Hybridní thorakoskopická a katétrová ablace v jednom sezení je účinná a relativně bezpečná miniinvazivní metoda léčby dlouhodobě perzistující fibrilace síní.

Introduction: Single stage thoracoscopic radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a treatment method for persistent and long-term persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) offering the possibility for patients otherwise inconsolable by conventional catheter RFA. We present a pilot group of patients after the introduction of the new method at our clinical center. Patients group: A total of 52 patients aged 61.82 ± 9.7 years underwent single stage hybrid ablation (thoracoscopic isolation of pulmonary veins and box lesion followed by catheter verification of the surgical procedure effectivness) for symptomatic persistent and long-term persistent AF with significantly dilated left atrium 57.9 ± 11.0mm in the period September 2016-March 2019. Results: The median duration of the procedure was 232 minutes and the median duration of hospitalization was 10 days. At discharge, 52 patients (100%) had sinus rhythm. 48 of 52 patients (92.3%) had a 6-month follow-up. 41 of 48 (85.4%) and 38 of 44 (86.4%) of patients were AF free at 3-month and 6-month follow-up, respectively. Acute complications were: one left atrial perforation resolved successfully by suture and one transient ischaemic attack without permanent sequelae. Late complications involved one massive pulmonary embolization and an atrioesophageal fistula. There was no periprocedural myocardial infarction or stroke with permanent sequelae. Conclusion: Hybrid thoracoscopic-catheter ablation performed during one procedure is an effective and relatively safe mini-invasive method of treatment for long-term persistent atrial fibrillation.

• Klíčová slova
• thorakoskopická ablace, hybridní single stage ablace,
• MeSH
• fibrilace síní * chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

(1) Background: Computer tomography (CT) is an imaging modality used in the pre-planning of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) procedure in patients with cardiac arrhythmias. However, it is associated with a considerable ionizing radiation dose for patients. This study aims to develop and validate low-dose CT scanning protocols of the left atrium (LA) for RFA guidance. (2) Methods: 68 patients scheduled for RFA of atrial fibrillation were sequentially assigned to four groups of ECG-gated scanning protocols, based on the set tube current (TC): Group A (n = 20, TC = 33 mAs), Group B (n = 18, TC = 67 mAs), Group C (n = 10, TC = 135 mAs), and control Group D (n = 20, TC = 600 mAs). We used a 256-row multidetector CT with body weight-dependent tube voltage of 80 kVp (<70 kg), 100 kVp (70-90 kg), and 120 kVp (>90 kg). We evaluated scanning parameters including radiation dose, total scanning procedure time and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). (3) Results: The average effective radiation dose (ED) was lower in Group A in comparison to Group B, C and D (0.83 (0.76-1.10), 1.55 (1.36-1.67), 2.91 (2.32-2.96) and 9.35 (8.00-10.04) mSv, p < 0.05). The total amount of contrast media was not significantly different between groups. The mean SNR was 6.5 (5.8-7.3), 7.1 (5.7-8.2), 10.8 (10.1-11.3), and 12.2 (9.9-15.7) for Group A, B, C and D, respectively. The comparisons of SNR in group A vs. B and C vs. D were without significant differences. (4) Conclusions: Optimized pre-ablation CT scanning protocols of the LA can reduce an average ED by 88.7%. Three dimensional (3D) models created with the lowest radiation protocol are useful for the integration of electro-anatomic-guided RFA procedures.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: Interventional cardiology procedures may expose patients and staff to considerable radiation doses. We aimed to assess whether exposure to ionizing radiation during catheter ablation of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) can be completely avoided. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this prospective randomized study, patients with SVT (atrioventricular re-entrant tachycardia n = 94, typical atrial flutter n = 29) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to catheter ablation with conventional fluoroscopic guidance (CF group) or with the EnSite Precision mapping system [zerofluoro (ZF) group]. Acute procedural parameters, increased stochastic risk of cancer incidence and 6-month follow-up data were assessed. Between May 2019 and August 2020, 123 patients were enrolled. Clinical parameters were comparable. Median procedural time was 60.0 and 58.0 min, median fluoroscopy time and estimated median effective dose were 240 s vs. 0 and 0.38 mSv vs. 0 and arrhythmia recurrence was 5% and 7.9% in the CF and ZF groups, respectively. The acute success rate was 98.4% in both groups. No procedure-related complications were reported. At an average age of 55.5 years and median radiation exposure of 0.38 mSv, the estimate of increased incidence was approximately 1 in 14 084. The estimated mortality rate was 1 per 17 857 exposed persons. CONCLUSIONS: The procedural safety and efficacy of the zero-fluoroscopic approach are similar to those of conventional fluoroscopy-based ablation for atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia and atrial flutter. Under the assumption of low radiation dose, the excessive lifetime risk of malignancy in the CF group due to electrophysiology procedure is reasonably small, whilst totally reduced in zero fluoroscopy procedures.

• MeSH
• atrioventrikulární nodální reentry tachykardie * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• fluoroskopie metody   MeSH
• flutter síní * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace * škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nodus atrioventricularis MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• srdeční arytmie chirurgie   MeSH
• supraventrikulární tachykardie * diagnostické zobrazování   chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

AIMS: This study aims to compare procedural parameters and clinical efficacy of remote magnetic navigation (RMN) vs. manual navigation (MAN) approach for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS: 146 patients with AF were enrolled in the study. In the RMN group (n=57), patients were treated with the CARTO® 3 in combination with the Niobe ES system. In the MAN group (n=89), ablation was performed with the EnSite Velocity and TactiCath™ Quartz catheter with direct contact force measurement. Procedural time, ablation time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose and ablation counts were measured and compared between the groups. Recurrence of AF was evaluated after 6 months of follow-up. RESULTS: Mean procedure times (236.87±64.31 vs. 147.22±45.19 min, P<0.05), counts of RF applications (74.30±24.77 vs. 49.15±20.33, P<0.05) and total RFA times (4323.39±1426.69 vs. 2780.53±1157.85 s, P<0.05) were all significantly higher in the RMN than in the MAN group, respectively. In the same order, mean X-ray dose (9722.6±7507.4 vs. 8087.9±6051.5 mGy/cm2, P=0.12) and mean total X-ray exposure time (8.07±4.20 vs. 9.54±5.47 min, P=0.08) were not statistically different. At 6-month follow-up, freedom from AF was similar in RMN and MAN group for paroxysmal (60.8% and 73%, respectively, P=0.42) and persistent AF (69.6% and 75.0%, respectively, P=0.77). CONCLUSIONS: Due to the fact that mid-term clinical outcomes showed no significant differences in AF recurrences between groups and manual ablation strategy provided more favorable results regarding acute procedural parameters, we can conclude that the remote magnetic navigation is not superior to the manual approach.

• MeSH
• chirurgické navigační systémy statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• elektrofyziologické techniky kardiologické metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• fibrilace síní chirurgie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• radiofrekvenční ablace metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři nad 80 let MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• chirurgie s pomocí počítače metody   MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mapování potenciálů tělesného povrchu metody   MeSH
• myokard MeSH
• srdeční komory diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• dopisy MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

BACKGROUND: Noninvasive diagnosis of exercise-induced elevation of left ventricular filling pressure is difficult and remains unsatisfactory. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the ratio of early diastolic transmitral (E) to mitral annular (e') velocity and to determine new parameters or parameter combinations with the ability to predict exercise-induced left atrial pressure (LAP) elevation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Eighty patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) referred for catheter AF ablation underwent simultaneous exercise echocardiography and direct invasive LAP measurements, as well as a resting and postexercise biomarker analysis. Exercise E/e' ≥8.85 predicted exercise LAP ≥20 mm Hg with 61.5% sensitivity and 88.9% specificity (area under the curve [AUC], 0.76). Of all of the individual parameters tested, the best prediction was achieved with exercise E/s' (s'=peak systolic mitral annular velocity) ≥8.75 (sensitivity, 88.5%; specificity, 64.8%; positive predictive value, 54.8%; negative predictive value, 92.1%; AUC, 0.84). However, the combination of exercise E/A (A = late diastolic transmitral flow velocity) ≥1.22 + exercise E/e' ≥8.85 + exercise s'≤11.05 cm/s provided the most precise prediction of exercise LAP elevation (sensitivity, 84.6%; specificity, 79.6%; positive predictive value, 66.7%; negative predictive value, 91.5%; AUC, 0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Exercise E/e', when used as a sole parameter, was not sufficiently reliable to predict exercise-induced elevation of LAP. The application of a multivariate-adjusted combination of parameters appeared to be the preferable approach for the noninvasive prediction of exercise LAP elevation.

• MeSH
• cvičení fyziologie   MeSH
• diastola MeSH
• echokardiografie metody   MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnóza   patofyziologie   MeSH
• funkce levé komory srdeční fyziologie   MeSH
• komorový tlak (srdce) fyziologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mitrální chlopeň diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• rychlost toku krve MeSH
• systola MeSH
• tepový objem fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Aims: The objective of this study was to evaluate the mobility of the oesophagus and the stability of the three-dimensional (3D) model of the oesophagus using 3D rotational angiography (3DRA) of the left atrium (LA) and the oesophagus, fused with live fluoroscopy during catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Methods and results: From March 2015 to September 2015, 3DRA of the LA and the oesophagus was performed in 33 patients before catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation. Control contrast oesophagography was performed every 30 min. The positions of the oesophagograms and the 3D model of the LA and the oesophagus were repeatedly measured and compared with the spine. The average shift of the oesophagus ranged from 2.7 ± 2.2 to 5.0 ± 3.5 mm. The average real-time oesophageal shift ranged from 2.7 ± 2.2 to 3.8 ± 3.4 mm. No significant shift was detected until the 90th minute of the procedure. The average shift of the 3D model of the LA and the oesophagus ranged from 1.4 ± 1.8 to 3.3 ± 3.0 mm (right-left direction) and from 0.9 ± 1.2 to 2.2 ± 1.3 mm (craniocaudal direction). During the 2 h procedure, there were no significant shifts of the model. Conclusion: During catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, there is no significant change in the position of the oesophagus until the 90th minute of the procedure and no significant shift in the 3D model of the LA and the oesophagus. The 3D model of the oesophagus reliably depicts the position of the oesophagus during the entire procedure.

• MeSH
• anatomická značka MeSH
• angiografie metody   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chirurgie s pomocí počítače škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• délka operace MeSH
• ezofágus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• fluoroskopie MeSH
• intervenční radiografie metody   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace škodlivé účinky   metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pohyb těles MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• rentgenový obraz - interpretace počítačová * MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční síně diagnostické zobrazování   patofyziologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

AIMS: Three-dimensional rotational angiography (3DRA) of the left atrium (LA) and the esophagus is a simple and safe method for analyzing the relationship between the esophagus and the LA during catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. The purpose of this study is to describe the location of the esophagus relative to the LA and mobility of the esophagus during ablation procedure. METHODS: From 3/2011 to 9/2015, 3DRA of the LA and esophagus was performed in 326 patients before catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. 3DRAwas performed with visualization of the esophagus via peroral administration of a contrast agent. The positions of the esophagus were determined at the beginning of the procedure, for part of patients also at the end of procedure with contrast esophagography. RESULTS: The most frequent position is behind the center of the LA (91 pts., 31.9%) The least frequent position is behind the right pulmonary veins (27 pts., 9.4%). The average shift of the esophagus position was 3.36±2.15mm, 3.59±2.37mm and 3.67±3.23mm for superior, middle and inferior segment resp. CONCLUSIONS: The position of the esophagus to the LA is highly variable. The most common position of the esophagus relative to the LA is behind the middle and left part of the posterior wall of the LA. The least frequently observed position is behind the right pulmonary veins. No significant position change of esophagus motion from before to after the ablation procedure in the majority (≥95%) of the patients was observed.

• MeSH
• chirurgie s pomocí počítače metody   MeSH
• CT angiografie metody   MeSH
• ezofágus diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnóza   chirurgie   MeSH
• fluoroskopie metody   MeSH
• katetrizační ablace metody   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• převodní systém srdeční chirurgie   MeSH
• reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• srdeční síně diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have an increased risk of diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. The purpose of this study was to identify independent predictors of early (ie, only exercise-induced) heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and to describe the prevalence of early HFpEF among patients with paroxysmal AF. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred patients with paroxysmal AF and preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) underwent catheterization for left atrial pressure (LAP) measurements at rest and at the peak of arm exercise (LAP-exe). Based on resting and exercise LAP values, the patients were divided into 3 groups. Sixty-one patients had no evidence of HFpEF (LAP at rest ≤15 mm Hg, LAP-exe <25 mm Hg). Twenty-five subjects had early HFpEF (LAP at rest ≤15 mm Hg, LAP-exe ≥25 mm Hg, prevalence 25%). Fourteen patients already had HFpEF at rest (LAP at rest >15 mm Hg). Multivariate exact logistic regression analysis identified age ≥58 years, LAP at rest ≥11 mm Hg, and peak systolic mitral annular velocity ≤9.3 cm/s to be independent predictors of early HFpEF. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with paroxysmal AF and preserved LVEF, there appears to be a clinically significant prevalence of early HFpEF.

• MeSH
• časná diagnóza MeSH
• fibrilace síní diagnostické zobrazování   epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• kohortové studie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prediktivní hodnota testů MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• srdeční selhání diagnostické zobrazování   epidemiologie   patofyziologie   MeSH
• tepový objem fyziologie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH