A prospective study (2007-2013) was undertaken to investigate clinical features and prognostic factors of necrotizing pneumonia caused by Staphylococcus aureus producing Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) in the Czech Republic. Twelve cases of necrotizing pneumonia were detected in 12 patients (median age 25 years) without severe underlying disease. Eight cases occurred in December and January and the accumulation of cases in the winter months preceding the influenza season was statistically significant (P < 0·001). The course of pneumonia was very rapid, leading to early sepsis and/or septic shock in all but one patient. Seven patients died and mortality was fourfold higher in those patients presenting with primary pneumonia than with pneumonia complicating other staphylococcal/pyogenic infection elsewhere in the body. The S. aureus isolates displayed considerable genetic variability and were assigned to five lineages CC8 (n = 3), CC15 (n = 2), CC30 (n = 2), CC80 (n = 1), and CC121 (n = 3) and one was a singleton of ST154 (n = 1), all were reported to be associated with community-acquired infection. Four strains were methicillin resistant. The high case-fatality rate can only be reduced by improving the speed of diagnosis and a rapid test to detect S. aureus in the airways is needed.
- MeSH
- bakteriální pneumonie farmakoterapie mikrobiologie mortalita MeSH
- bakteriální toxiny biosyntéza MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- exotoxiny biosyntéza MeSH
- genetická variace MeSH
- infekce získané v komunitě mikrobiologie MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- leukocidiny biosyntéza MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- methicilin rezistentní Staphylococcus aureus genetika metabolismus MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- nekróza mikrobiologie MeSH
- plíce patologie MeSH
- prognóza MeSH
- prospektivní studie MeSH
- roční období MeSH
- septický šok mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus MeSH
- streptokokové infekce farmakoterapie mikrobiologie mortalita MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- kojenec MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Thirteen coagulase-negative, oxidase-negative, and novobiocin-susceptible staphylococci were isolated from human clinical specimens. The isolates were differentiated from known staphylococcal species on the basis of 16S rRNA, hsp60, rpoB, dnaJ, tuf, and gap gene sequencing, automated ribotyping, (GTG)5-PCR fingerprinting, and MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated phylogenetic relatedness of the analyzed strains to Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus devriesei, and Staphylococcus lugdunensis. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between representative strains CCM 8418(T), CCM 8421(T), and the closest phylogenetic neighbors confirmed that the isolates represent novel Staphylococcus species, for which the name Staphylococcus petrasii sp. nov. is proposed. Genotypic and phenotypic analyses unambiguously split the strains into two closely related subclusters. Based on the results, two novel subspecies S. petrasii subsp. petrasii subsp. nov. and S. petrasii subsp. croceilyticus subsp. nov. are proposed, with type strains CCM 8418(T) (=CCUG 62727(T)) and CCM 8421(T) (=CCUG 62728(T)), respectively.
- MeSH
- antibakteriální látky metabolismus MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- DNA bakterií chemie genetika MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- hybridizace nukleových kyselin MeSH
- koagulasa metabolismus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- molekulární sekvence - údaje MeSH
- novobiocin metabolismus MeSH
- oxidoreduktasy metabolismus MeSH
- ribozomální DNA chemie genetika MeSH
- RNA ribozomální 16S genetika MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- shluková analýza MeSH
- stafylokokové infekce mikrobiologie MeSH
- Staphylococcus klasifikace genetika izolace a purifikace metabolismus MeSH
- techniky typizace bakterií MeSH
- ucho mikrobiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
V letošním roce byl popsán nový druh stafylokoka, Staphylococcus petrasii. Kmeny tohoto druhu se vyskytují v humánním klinickém materiálu a hrají zřejmě roli podmíněného patogena podobně jako řada dalších koagulázanegativních stafylokoků. Dosud byly nejspíše identifikovány jako atypické Staphylococcus warneri, s kterými jsou fenotypově nejbližší. Fylogeneticky jsou nejblíže k druhům Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococccus devriesei a Staphylococccus lugdunensis.
A novel staphylococcal species, Staphylococcus petrasii, has recently been described. Strains of this species were isolated from human clinical specimens and are likely to be opportunistic pathogens, similarly to other coagulase- negative staphylococci. Previously, they may have been identified as atypical Staphylococcus werneri, to which they are phenotypically closest. Phylogenetically, they are closest to the species Staphylococcus haemolyticus, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococccus devriesei, and Staphylococccus lugdunensis.
- Klíčová slova
- koagulázanegativní stafylokoky, S. petrasii, taxonomie rodu Staphylococcus,
- MeSH
- fenotyp MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- genotyp MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Staphylococcus * izolace a purifikace klasifikace patogenita růst a vývoj účinky léků MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
Staphylococcus aureus is a serious human and veterinary pathogen in which new strains with increasing virulence and antimicrobial resistance occur due to acquiring new genes by horizontal transfer. It is generally accepted that temperate bacteriophages play a major role in gene transfer. In this study, we proved the presence of various bacterial genes of the S. aureus COL strain directly within the phage particles via qPCR and quantified their packaging frequency. Non-parametric statistical analysis showed that transducing bacteriophages φ11, φ80 and φ80α of serogroup B, in contrast to serogroup A bacteriophage φ81, efficiently package selected chromosomal genes localized in 4 various loci of the chromosome and 8 genes carried on variable elements, such as staphylococcal cassette chromosome SCCmec, staphylococcal pathogenicity island SaPI1, genomic islands vSaα and vSaβ, and plasmids with various frequency. Bacterial gene copy number per ng of DNA isolated from phage particles ranged between 1.05 × 10(2) for the tetK plasmid gene and 3.86 × 10(5) for the SaPI1 integrase gene. The new and crucial finding that serogroup B bacteriophages can package concurrently ccrA1 (1.16 × 10(4)) and mecA (1.26 × 10(4)) located at SCCmec type I into their capsids indicates that generalized transduction plays an important role in the evolution and emergence of new methicillin-resistant clones.
- MeSH
- bakteriální chromozomy genetika MeSH
- bakteriální geny * MeSH
- bakteriální proteiny genetika MeSH
- bakteriofágy genetika metabolismus MeSH
- DNA bakterií genetika MeSH
- frekvence genu MeSH
- genetické lokusy MeSH
- klonování DNA MeSH
- penicilinasa genetika MeSH
- plazmidy genetika MeSH
- polymerázová řetězová reakce MeSH
- přenos genů horizontální MeSH
- rezistence na methicilin genetika MeSH
- rozptýlené repetitivní sekvence * MeSH
- sekvenční analýza DNA MeSH
- sestavení viru MeSH
- Staphylococcus aureus genetika fyziologie virologie MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
