Ciele štúdie: Cieľom tejto štúdie je sledovať kraniálne parametre pacientov so sagitálnou kraniosynostózou. Zameriame sa predovšetkým na rozdiely medzi endoskopickou a otvorenou chirurgickou liečbou a ich vplyv na zmeny kraniálnych parametrov u pacientov s kraniosynostózou sagitálneho švu. Kraniosynostóza má rôzne dôsledky, vrátane zníženého sebavedomia a problémov zapadnúť do detského kolektívu v dôsledku kraniofaciálnej deformity. Preto je dôležité sledovanie estetických výsledkov liečby kraniosynostózy u detských pacientov. Pacienti a metódy: Vzorka pacientov zaradených do tejto štúdie sa skladá z pacientov sledovaných neurochirurgom na Klinike detskej neurochirurgie Národného ústavu detských chorôb v Bratislave. Na sledovanie kraniálnych rozmerov boli použité klasické antropometrické metódy a nástroje. Výsledky: V našej štúdii sme nezaznamenali žiadne rozdiely v estetických výsledkoch medzi otvorenou a endoskopickou chirurgickou liečbou. Chirurgická liečba však bez ohľadu na typ zvolenej liečby priniesla požadované estetické výsledky a tieto výsledky sa časom zlepšovali. Záver: Prínosom práce bude longitudinálne sledovanie rastu detskej lebky, zhodnotenie efektivity chirurgickej liečby u pacientov s poruchami rastu neurokránia a prevencia neskorých následkov porúch rastu.

Objective: The aim of this study is to monitor the cranial parameters of patients with sagittal craniosynostosis. We will mainly focus on the differences between endoscopic and open-surgical treatment and their influence on changes in cranial parameters in patients with craniosynostosis of the sagittal suture. Craniosynostosis has various consequences, including reduced self-confidence and problems fitting in among other children due to craniofacial deformity. Therefore, monitoring aesthetic results of craniosynostosis treatment in pediatric patients is important. Patients and Methods: The sample of patients included in this study comes from patients monitored by the neurosurgeon at the Department of Paediatric Neurosurgery of the National Institute of Child Diseases in Bratislava, Slovakia. Standardized anthropometric methods and tools to monitor cranial dimensions were used. Results: In our study, we noted no differences in aesthetic results between open and endoscopic surgical treatment. However, surgical treatment, regardless of the type of chosen treatment, produced the desired aesthetic results, and these results improved over time. Conclusion: The benefit of the work will be the longitudinal monitoring of the growth of children‘s cranium, and the evaluation of the effectiveness of surgical treatment in patients with neurocranial growth disorders and the prevention of late consequences of growth disorders.

• MeSH
• antropometrie * metody   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• endoskopie klasifikace   metody   MeSH
• hodnocení výsledků zdravotní péče klasifikace   MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• kraniosynostózy * chirurgie   diagnóza   klasifikace   MeSH
• kraniotomie metody   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• počítačová rentgenová tomografie metody   MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: An unhealthy lifestyle, inappropriate eating habits, and inadequate physical activity are the most common risk factors affecting health and causing the premature onset of non-communicable diseases. The study aimed to evaluate lifestyle factors, eating habits, and daily regimens in a sample of Slovak adolescents. METHODS: The sample involves 524 students aged 15-22 years attending selected secondary schools from the model region of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia. We assessed the prevalence of selected lifestyle factors and investigated the relationship between negative lifestyle factors and the presence of overweight and obesity. RESULTS: We found eating irregularities including avoidance of school lunch, inadequate daily consumption of vegetables, dairy products and wholegrain foods, and the high consumption of sweets and sweetened beverages. The prevalence of excess weight and obesity in the sample was 18.4%. Compared to the non-obese, overweight or obese students had significantly lower daily consumption of vegetables and used to avoid sports more frequently. Almost 37% of students did not do sports at all. Students who were not doing sports on regular basis used to skip breakfast more frequently, they ate fewer vegetables and more sweets and spent considerable time in sedentary activities. CONCLUSION: In the sample of secondary school students, we investigated several negative lifestyle factors and the relatively high prevalence of overweight and obesity. The results of the study can be used for the development of preventive measures to protect and promote the health of children and youth.

• MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• nadváha epidemiologie   MeSH
• obezita epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti * MeSH
• studenti statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• životní styl * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the metabolic syndrome (MS) prevalence in a sample of adolescents, to calculate their continuous metabolic syndrome scores, and to determine the associations of continuous metabolic syndrome score with overweight/obesity and selected cardiometabolic and lifestyle factors. METHODS: We enrolled a sample of 2,590 adolescents (1,180 males, mean age 17.1 ± 1.04 years) from 14 grammar schools and 48 secondary schools in the Bratislava Self-Governing Region, Slovakia. Data were collected from a standard anthropometric examination, biochemical analysis of fasting venous blood, blood pressure measurement, physical fitness assessment, and a comprehensive questionnaire focused on selected lifestyle characteristics. Continuous metabolic syndrome score and paediatric simple metabolic syndrome scores were calculated. RESULTS: The criteria for the MS diagnosis according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines for children and adolescents were fulfilled in the whole sample by 38 (1.4%) adolescents; all were classified as overweight/obese. In the obese subgroup (n = 270), the MS prevalence rose to 13.3%. The largest number of adolescents was in the group without any of the MS components (67.5%). In the groups with 1, 2 or 3 MS components, males predominated; 0.6% of males and no females had 4 components of MS. The increasing number of individual components of MS is accompanied by a continuous increase (in the case of HDL-cholesterol - a decrease) of mean values mostly of blood lipid levels. Mean values of blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric parameters were highest in the group with three MS components. Significant correlations with body fat content or with selected lifestyle factors were not found. Using the continuous MS score calculation we found 31 adolescents, of whom 14 (45.2%) had only 1 or at most 2 MS components, i.e., they did not meet the criteria for the MS diagnosis. CONCLUSION: From the point of view of atherosclerosis prevention and early intervention, it is extremely important to monitor the MS prevalence in children and adolescents, especially in the current obesity pandemic. The paediatric MS score calculation is simple and accurate, allowing assessment of the severity of cardiometabolic risk in individuals even before the diagnosis of MS. The continuous MS score is useful in identifying individuals at increased risk and in the management of preventive health care for children and youth.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• hodnocení rizik metody   MeSH
• kardiovaskulární nemoci epidemiologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metabolický syndrom * epidemiologie   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nadváha epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• rizikové faktory kardiovaskulárních chorob MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• životní styl MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

The aim of the study was to determine the level of QoL (quality of life) satisfaction/ dissatisfaction in patients with colorectal cancer in eight health concepts in the study and control group. In this cross-sectional study, the standardized questionnaire MOS of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used. The study group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (n = 18, 83.3% males; mean age 62.3 ± 15.9 years). The control group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with other diseases but not cancerous ones (n = 34, 58.8% males; mean age 50.6 ± 8.2 years). In the study group the highest rate of patient QoL dissatisfaction (expressed as a mean score) was observed in the subcategory of role limitations due to physical health (6.9 ± 11.5), whereas in the control group one of the highest rate of patients QoL satisfaction was achieved in this category (69.1 ± 39.9; P = 0.000). A similar high significant result was observed in the subcategory of role limitations due to emotional problems: there was a very low score in the study group and a high score in the control group (7.4 ± 18.3 and 71.6 ± 37.7, respectively; P = 0.000). The highest rate of patients QoL satisfaction in the study group and the control group was observed in the subcategory of pain (31.7 ± 15.6 and 77.6 ± 13.9, respectively; P = 0.000). Our results are the argument for intervention aimed at understanding the QoL experienced by colorectal cancer patients. This is essential for evaluating the full impact of the illness on individuals, their families and their communities.

• MeSH
• kolorektální nádory MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• průřezové studie klasifikace   metody   využití   MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH

The aim of the study was to determine the level of QoL (quality of life) satisfaction/ dissatisfaction in patients with colorectal cancer in eight health concepts in the study and control group. In this cross-sectional study, the standardized questionnaire MOS of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was used. The study group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer (n = 18, 83.3% males; mean age 62.3 ± 15.9 years). The control group consisted of patients who were diagnosed with other diseases but not cancerous ones (n = 34, 58.8% males; mean age 50.6 ± 8.2 years). In the study group the highest rate of patient QoL dissatisfaction (expressed as a mean score) was observed in the subcategory of role limitations due to physical health (6.9 ± 11.5), whereas in the control group one of the highest rate of patients QoL satisfaction was achieved in this category (69.1 ± 39.9; P = 0.000). A similar high significant result was observed in the subcategory of role limitations due to emotional problems: there was a very low score in the study group and a high score in the control group (7.4 ± 18.3 and 71.6 ± 37.7, respectively; P = 0.000). The highest rate of patients QoL satisfaction in the study group and the control group was observed in the subcategory of pain (31.7 ± 15.6 and 77.6 ± 13.9, respectively; P = 0.000). Our results are the argument for intervention aimed at understanding the QoL experienced by colorectal cancer patients. This is essential for evaluating the full impact of the illness on individuals, their families and their communities.

• MeSH
• kolorektální nádory epidemiologie   terapie   MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pilotní projekty MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• stupnice dopadu nemoci na kvalitu života MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

Children develop rapidly and many exogenous determinants of health significantly affect their somatic and mental development. There is a subjective perception of cognitive load associated with the educational process. The aim of the study is to assess individual environmental, behavioral and psychosocial factors influencing physical health and to investigate the amount of mental load in children. We investigated 87 schoolchildren (47 girls and 40 boys) aged 10-12 years, who were attending primary school in Bratislava. To assess values of selected factors we used a questionnaire form and personality characteristics were estimated by standardized psycho-diagnostic and IQ tests [range of classic fear, social-situation anxiety and jitters [skala Klasickeho strachu a Socialno-situacnej (in Slovak)] (KSAT), Eyesenck Personality Questionnaire for children (EPQ), Raven's IQ test]. Self-reported perception of mental load was assessed by questionnaire of subjective feelings and states (SFS). Children's body parameters were assessed using anthropometric measurements [height, weight, chest, abdominal and hip girth, Rohrer's index (RI), body mass index (BMI)] and a body fat measurement method (skinfold thickness). The results confirmed a significant relationship between higher parameters of overweight and obesity and irregular breakfast eating (p<0.05), absence of family dining (p<0.05), exposure to tobacco smoke in the family environment (p<0.01) and mother's level of education (p<0.05). Almost 60% of children reported high mental effort and cognitive load associated with the educational process. We note a close relationship between the higher mental load and the score of neuroticism (p<0.01). The physical and mental health of schoolchildren is significantly affected by exogenous factors. Therefore, in terms of protection and promotion of children's health, it is important to evaluate and monitor environmental risk factors and to form their healthy habits.

• MeSH
• antropometrie MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• duševní zdraví * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• studenti MeSH
• zdraví dítěte * statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• zdravotní stav * MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Česká republika MeSH

• MeSH
• dietní železo aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fyziologie výživy v těhotenství * MeSH
• hořčík aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kyselina askorbová aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• kyselina listová aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroživiny * aplikace a dávkování   nedostatek   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• nutriční stav MeSH
• porodní hmotnost * MeSH
• potravní doplňky MeSH
• průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• vitamin B6 aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• vitamin E aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• výživové doporučené dávky MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

V súčasnosti celosvetovo sledujeme nárast prevalencie obezity ako jedného z rizikových faktorov kardiovaskulárnych chorôb nielen v dospelej populácii, ale už aj u detí a mladistvých. V práci prezentujeme prevalenciu nadváhy a obezity v súbore 2 629 adolescentov (45,8 % chlapcov) vo veku 14–18 rokov a porovnanie vybraných kardiometabolických markerov v skupine s normálnou hmotnosťou a v skupine s nadváhou/obezitou so zreteľom na telesnú zdatnosť a vybrané faktory životného štýlu. Uskutočnili sme základné antropometrické vyšetrenie zamerané na nadváhu/obezitu, celkovú telesnú zdatnosť sme hodnotili pomocou Ruffierovho testu. Z venóznej krvi sa vyšetril kompletný lipidový profil, hladina glykémie, C-reaktívny proteín a homocysteín, z vyšetrených parametrov sme vypočítali hladinu LDL-cholesterolu a aterogénny index plazmy (log TAG/HDL-cholesterol). Merali sme krvný tlak a pokojovú pulzovú frekvenciu, objektívne vyšetrenie doplnilo vyplnenie obsiahleho dotazníka, kde sme sa zamerali najmä na vybrané charakteristiky životného štýlu. V pásme nadváhy/obezity bolo 30,7 % chlapcov (13,1 % obéznych) a 22,9 % dievčat (7,9 % obéznych). Adolescenti s nadváhou/obezitou mali s výnimkou glykémie a hladiny homocysteínu všetky biochemické ukazovatele významne horšie, mali významne vyššie priemerné hodnoty krvného tlaku, rýchlejšiu pokojovú pulzovú frekvenciu (chlapci významne) a horšie ukazovatele telesnej zdatnosti; metabolický syndróm sme zistili u 5,5 % adolescentov s nadváhou/obezitou. V skupine s normálnou hmotnosťou pozorujeme v stravovacom režime častejšiu a pravidelnejšiu konzumáciu jednotlivých denných jedál, významne vyšší priemerný počet jedál denne, nevýznamne dlhšie trvanie týždennej telesnej aktivity, kratší čas venovaný sledovaniu TV a u chlapcov dlhšie trvanie spánku. Výsledky potvrdili horší kardiovaskulárny rizikový profil a výskyt metabolického syndrómu v skupine s nadváhou/obezitou už v adolescentnom veku a potrebu intenzívnej primárnej prevencie a intervencie zameranú najmä na prevenciu obezity už od najmladších vekových skupín.

Increasing prevalence of obesity as one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is currently observed worldwide not only in the adult population, but also amongst children and adolescents. In this study, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a sample of 2,629 adolescents (45.8% boys) aged 14–18 years is presented. Selected cardiometabolic markers were compared between a normal-weight group and overweight/obesity group with regard to physical fitness and selected life-style factors. A basic anthropometric examination aimed at overweight/obesity was performed; overall cardio-fitness was evaluated using Ruffier test. Blood lipids, blood glucose, C-reactive protein and homocysteine levels from venous blood samples were analyzed; LDL-cholesterol and plasma atherogenic index (log TG/HDL-cholesterol) were calculated. Blood pressure and heart rate at rest were measured; a comprehensive questionnaire focused mostly on selected lifestyle characteristics completed the examination. In the range of overweight/obesity were 30.7% of boys (13.1% were obese) and 22.9% of girls (7.9% were obese). Adolescents in the range of overweight/obesity had significantly worse biochemical indicators excluding blood glucose and homocysteine levels. This group had significantly higher mean blood pressure, resting heart rate (boys significantly) and greater cardio-fitness insufficiency. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed in 5.5% of overweight/obese adolescents. More frequent and more regular food consumption daily, significantly higher mean number of meals a day, no significantly extended duration of weekly leisure time physical activity, less time spent watching TV and, in boys, longer sleep duration were observed in the group with normal weight. Our results confirmed higher cardiovascular risk and metabolic syndrome prevalence in the adolescent overweight/obesity group and the need for intensive primary prevention and intervention aimed in particular at obesity prevention from the youngest age groups onwards.

• MeSH
• C-reaktivní protein metabolismus   MeSH
• homocystein krev   MeSH
• krevní glukóza metabolismus   MeSH
• krevní tlak MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lipidy krev   MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• nadváha epidemiologie   MeSH
• obezita * epidemiologie   MeSH
• prevalence MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• rozložení podle pohlaví MeSH
• sedavý životní styl * MeSH
• stravovací zvyklosti MeSH
• tělesná výkonnost * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH

The report focuses on tuberculosis, its treatment and the declining rate of cases in Slovakia. Written for professional public.

• MeSH
• dějiny lékařství MeSH
• kontrola infekčních nemocí MeSH
• morbidita MeSH
• ochrana veřejného zdraví MeSH
• poskytování zdravotní péče MeSH
• primární prevence MeSH
• tuberkulóza MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• sborníky MeSH
• zprávy MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Slovenská republika MeSH

• Konspekt
• Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
• NLK Obory
• pneumologie a ftizeologie
• veřejné zdravotnictví