OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the force degradation of intermaxillary elastics (IE) in vitro and in vivo while stretching the IE to a precise diameter. MATERIALS AND METHODS: IE 3/16′′ medium Dentaurum from five different batches of packaging were analyzed. The in vivo study involved 10 volunteers, of which 100 IE were examined. To achieve three times the original diameter of the elastic, the distance between the upper canine and the lower dental arch was measured. Buttons were then placed in the mouth accordingly, and IE and passive aligners were inserted for five sessions of 48 h each. To investigate in vitro, 100 IE were placed in an incubator set at 37°C in a humid environment and stretched three times their diameter. The force of the elastics was measured in both investigations using a force meter at 0, 2, 8, 24, and 48 h. RESULTS: In all patients except one, the three times diameter distance extended from the upper canine to the lower second premolar. The force degradation in vivo at 2, 8, 24, and 48 h was 20.58%, 26.78%, 34.81%, and 38.56% and in vitro was 16.38%, 22.83%, 28.32%, and 30.78%. CONCLUSIONS: The amount of stretching of IE varies for each patient when using standard insertion points. The force of IE decreases exponentially, the force degradation in vivo being higher. The clinician must consider the force decrease when advising the patient of the time interval to change the elastics.

• MeSH
• analýza zatížení zubů MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• latex * chemie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mechanický stres MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• ortodontické aparáty MeSH
• ortodontické přístroje - design MeSH
• testování materiálů * MeSH
• zubní oblouk MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• horní končetina diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• korelace dat MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• rentgendiagnostika panoramatická MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• určení kostního věku metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• určení zubního věku * metody   MeSH
• věkové faktory MeSH
• vývoj dítěte MeSH
• zuby růst a vývoj   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• klinická studie MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• elastické tahy,
• MeSH
• analýza zatížení zubů MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mechanický stres MeSH
• ortodontické aparáty * MeSH
• pružnost MeSH
• techniky in vitro MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVE: We propose a method utilizing mixed reality (MR) goggles (HoloLens 2, Microsoft) to facilitate impacted canine alignment, as planning the traction direction and force delivery could benefit from 3D data visualization using mixed reality (MR). METHODS: Cone-beam CT scans featuring isometric resolution and low noise-to-signal ratio were semi-automatically segmented in Inobitec software. The exported 3D mesh (OBJ file) was then optimized for the HoloLens 2. Using the Unreal Engine environment, we developed an application for the HoloLens 2, implementing HoloLens SDK and UX Tools. Adjustable pointers were added for planning attachment placement, traction direction, and point of force application. The visualization was presented to participants of a course on impacted teeth treatment, followed by a 10-question survey addressing potential advantages (5-point scale: 1 = totally agree, 5 = totally disagree). RESULTS: Out of 38 respondents, 44.7% were orthodontists, 34.2% dentists, 15.8% dental students, and 5.3% dental technicians. Most respondents (44.7%) were between 35 and 44 years old, and only 1 (2.6%) respondent was 55-64 years old. Median answers for six questions were 'totally agree' (25th percentile 1, 75th percentile 2) and for four questions 'agree' (25th percentile 1, 75th percentile 2). No correlation was found between age, profession, and responses. CONCLUSION: Our method generated substantial interest among clinicians. The initial responses affirm the potential benefits, supporting the continued exploration of MR-based techniques for the treatment of impacted teeth. However, the recommendation for widespread use awaits validation through clinical trials.

• MeSH
• augmentovaná realita MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ověření koncepční studie MeSH
• plánování péče o pacienty * MeSH
• počítačová tomografie s kuželovým svazkem * metody   MeSH
• software MeSH
• špičák diagnostické zobrazování   MeSH
• zaklíněný zub * diagnostické zobrazování   terapie   MeSH
• zobrazování trojrozměrné * metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to: (1) evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on primary cultures of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and (2) to clinically monitor the effect of CBD in subjects with periodontitis. BACKGROUND: The use of phytocannabinoids is a new approach in the treatment of widely prevalent periodontal disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cannabinoid receptors were analyzed by western blot and interleukin production detected using enzyme immunoassay. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway was studied via monitoring the mRNA level of heme oxygenase-1. Antimicrobial effects were determined by standard microdilution and 16S rRNA screening. In the clinical part, a placebo-control double-blind randomized study was conducted (56 days) in three groups (n = 90) using dental gel without CBD (group A) and with 1% (w/w) CBD (group B) and corresponding toothpaste (group A - no CBD, group B - with CBD) for home use to maintain oral health. Group C used dental gel containing 1% chlorhexidine digluconate (active comparator) and toothpaste without CBD. RESULTS: Human gingival fibroblasts were confirmed to express the cannabinoid receptor CB2. Lipopolysaccharide-induced cells exhibited increased production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-8, with deceasing levels upon exposure to CBD. CBD also exhibited antimicrobial activities against Porphyromonas gingivalis, with an MIC of 1.5 μg/mL. Activation of the Nrf2 pathway was also demonstrated. In the clinical part, statistically significant improvement was found for the gingival, gingival bleeding, and modified gingival indices between placebo group A and CBD group B after 56 days. CONCLUSIONS: Cannabidiol reduced inflammation and the growth of selected periodontal pathogenic bacteria. The clinical trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement after CBD application. No adverse effects of CBD were reported by patients or observed upon clinical examination during the study. The results are a promising basis for a more comprehensive investigation of the application of non-psychotropic cannabinoids in dentistry.

• MeSH
• antiflogistika terapeutické užití   farmakologie   MeSH
• chlorhexidin terapeutické užití   farmakologie   analogy a deriváty   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• dvojitá slepá metoda MeSH
• faktor 2 související s NF-E2 MeSH
• fibroblasty * účinky léků   MeSH
• gingiva * účinky léků   MeSH
• gingivitida * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• hemoxygenasa-1 MeSH
• interleukin-6 analýza   MeSH
• interleukin-8 účinky léků   MeSH
• kanabidiol * farmakologie   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• kultivované buňky MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• parodontitida farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH

• Klíčová slova
• Hunterův-McAlpinové syndrom,
• MeSH
• abnormality ústního a čelistního systému diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• kraniosynostózy * diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vzácné nemoci diagnóza   terapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• kazuistiky MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

The degree of deviation of palatal shape from the norm may reflect facial growth disturbance in cleft lip and palate (CLP). The objective of this study was to compare the palatal morphology in children treated with different surgical protocols. Palatal shape was assessed with geometric morphometrics (GM) including Procrustes superimposition, principal component analysis (PCA), and permutation tests with 10,000 permutations, in 24 children treated with two-stage repair with a late palatoplasty (Prague group; mean age at assessment 8.9 years), 16 children after two-stage repair with early palatoplasty (Bratislava group; mean age 8.2 years), and 53 children treated with a one-stage repair (Warsaw group, mean age 10.3 years). The non-cleft control group comprised 60 children at 8.6 years. The first five principal components (PCs) accounted for a minimum of 5% of the total shape variability (65.9% in total). The Procrustes distance was largest for the Prague vs. Control pair and smallest for the Prague vs. Bratislava pair. Nonetheless, all intergroup differences were statistically significant (p < 0.01). One can conclude that variations in palatal shape roughly correspond to cephalometric and dental arch relationship findings from prior research. Among the children who underwent a one-stage repair of the complete cleft, their palatal morphology most closely resembled that of the non-cleft controls. Conversely, children who received late palatoplasty exhibited the greatest degree of deviation.

• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Úvod a cíl: Zachování homeostázy v ústní dutině není spojeno pouze s imunitní reakcí a metabolismem měkkých tkání, ale také s komenzálními a patogenními bakteriemi. V rámci vývoje přípravků a prostředků ústní hygieny jsou hledána nová či alternativní antibiotická agens. Jednou z aktuálně studovaných skupin látek jsou fytokanabinoidy, především kanabidiol (CBD). Cílem předložené studie je zhodnotit antimikrobiální působení čtyř nepsychotropních fytokanabinoidů na vybrané orální bakterie. Metoda: Antimikrobiální účinky (MIC – minimální inhibiční koncentrace) fytokanabinoidů byly stanoveny in vitro standardní mikrodiluční technikou. Hodnocen byl účinek CBD, kanabigerolu (CBG), kanabichromenu (CBC), kanabinolu (CBN) a vybraných extraktů s obsahem 50 % CBD nebo CBG na Streptococcus mutans CCM 7409 a Porphyromonas gingivalis CCM 3985. Dále byl hodnocen účinek CBD na Lactobacillus acidophilus CCM 4833, Lactobacillus casei CCM 1825, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans CCM 4688 a Eikenella corrodens CCM 5985. Jako aktivní komparátor byl použit chlorhexidin diglukonát (CHX). Výsledky: Hodnoty MIC pro CBD u P. gingivalis byly podobné hodnotám, kterých jsme dosáhli u CHX (1–2 μg/ml). V případě S. mutans byla nejnižší MIC (8 μg/ml) zjištěna pro CBG. U L. casei a L. acidophilus se MIC pro CBD blížily MIC pro CHX. Konkrétně pro L. casei byl CBD stejně účinný jako CHX (MIC 2–4 μg/ml). Pro L. acidophilus byla stanovena MIC pro CBD (4–8 μg/ml) a pro CHX (2–4 μg/ ml). U ostatních mikrobů byla účinnost CBD v porovnání s CHX nižší. A. actinomycetemcomitans je inhibován v růstu významně lépe CHX (MIC = 4 μg/ml) než v případě CBD (MIC > 128 μg/ml). Rozdíly také vykazovalo antimikrobiální působení CBD (MIC 16–32 μg/ml) a CHX (MIC 2–4 μg/ml) u E. corrodens. Testované komplexní směsi nevykazovaly významně vyšší antimikrobiální účinky ve srovnání s jednotlivými fytokanabinoidy. Závěr: Výsledky ukazují, že nepsychotropní fytokanabinoidy (převážně CBD) inhibují vybrané bakterie, které jsou součástí orální mikrobioty. Současně jsou schopné inhibovat růst periopatogenních bakterií, jako je P. gingivalis, a v případě CBD i E. corrodens, což naznačuje možnost dalšího výzkumu a využití v zubním lékařství.

Introduction, aim: Maintaining homeostasis of the oral cavity is associated not only with the immune response and soft tissue metabolism but also the action of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. In the development of dental remedies against pathogenic forms, new/alternative antibiotic agents are being sought. One of the currently studied groups of these substances are the phytocannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD). The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of four nonpsychotropic phytocannabinoids on selected oral bacteria. Methods: The antimicrobial effects (MIC – minimal inhibition concentrations) of phytocannabinoids were determined in vitro using a standard microdilution technique. The effect of CBD, cannabigerol (CBG), cannabichromene (CBC), cannabinol (CBN) and selected phytocannabinoid extracts composed of 50% CBD or CBG was evaluated on Streptococcus mutans CCM 7409 and Porphyromonas gingivalis CCM 3985. The effect of CBD was further tested on Lactobacillus acidophilus CCM 4833, Lactobacillus casei CCM 1825, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans CCM 4688, and Eikenella corrodens CCM 5985. Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) was used as an active comparator. Results: The MIC values of CBD in P. gingivalis were similar to those for CHX (1–2 μg/ml). In case of S. mutans, the lowest MIC was found for CBG (8 μg/ml). For L. casei and L. acidophilus, MIC for CBD was close to MIC for CHX. Specifically for L. casei, CBD was as effective as CHX (MIC 2–4 μg/ml). In L. acidophilus, MICs were determined for CBD (4–8 μg/ml) and for CHX (2–4 μg/ml). For other microbes, the efficacy of CBD was lower than that for CHX. A. actinomycetemcomitans growth was significantly more inhibited by CHX (MIC = 4 μg/ml) than by CBD (MIC > 128 μg/ml). Similar effects were observed for E. corrodens with the following antimicrobial activity for CBD (MIC 16–32 μg/ml) and CHX (MIC 2–4 μg/ml). The tested complex mixtures showed no superior antimicrobial effects than individual phytocannabinoids. Conclusion: The results show that non-psychotropic phytocannabinoids (predominantly CBD) inhibit some oral bacteria. At the same time, they are able to inhibit the growth of periodontopathogens such as P. gingivalis, and in case of CBD also E. corrodens, which suggests the possibility of further research and application in dentistry.

• MeSH
• kanabinoidy * terapeutické užití   MeSH
• klinická studie jako téma MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikrobiota účinky léků   MeSH
• nemoci parodontu * farmakoterapie   MeSH
• parodont účinky léků   MeSH
• zánět farmakoterapie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

Úvod: Dnešní trh nabízí uživatelům velké množství manuálních zubních kartáčků lákavých barev, odlišných designů hlaviček, rukojetí, zastřižení a měkkosti vláken, ale i rozličných cen. Je však drahý, ekologický či pestrobarevný kartáček kvalitní a nepoškozuje nás? Kvalitní kartáček je definován jako kartáček, který svými vlákny nepoškozuje dásně ani tvrdé zubní tkáně. Tato studie je proto zaměřena na kvalitu opracování konců vláken. Cílem je čtenáři ukázat a porovnat kvalitu vláken šesti odlišných výrobků prodávaných na našem trhu. Metodika: Pro tuto studii bylo vybráno šest kartáčků od šesti různých výrobců: A. Curaprox 5460; B. Dr.Max PRO32 Extra soft 5400; C. Tepe Compact x – soft; D. Spokar X 5500 Ultrasoft; E. SOFTdent ECO Ultrasoft; F. Elmex Ultrasoft. Kartáčky byly vybrány se stejnými parametry, jako je rovné zastřižení a měkkost vláken. Kvalita konců vláken kartáčků byla detekována pomocí stereomikroskopie a elektronové mikroskopie. Výsledky: Vybrané manuální kartáčky vykazují velkou diskrepanci kvality opracování vláken nejen při porovnávání mezi pozorovanými kartáčky, ale kvalita vláken není konzistentní ani v rámci jednoho pozorování jednoho kartáčku. Závěr: Pozorování jasně prokázalo výrazně vyšší kvalitu opracování vláken u kartáčku Tepe Compact x – soft v porovnání s ostatními kartáčky.

Introduction: Today's market offers to users a large number of manual toothbrushes in attractive colors, different head designs, handles, bristle cuts as well as softness, and various prices too. However, is an expensive, ecological, or brightly coloured toothbrush of a good quality and does it not harm us? A quality toothbrush is defined as a toothbrush whose bristles do not damage the gums or hard dental tissues. This study is focused on the quality of bristle ends processing. The aim is to show the reader and compare the bristle quality of six different products sold on our market. Methods: Six toothbrushes from six different manufacturers were selected for this study: A. Curaprox 5460; B. Dr.Max PRO32 Extra soft 5400; C. Tepe Compact x – soft; D. Spokar X 5500 Ultrasoft; E. SOFTdent ECO Ultrasoft; F. Elmex Ultrasoft. Brushes were selected with the same parameters such as straight cutting and softness of the bristles. The quality of brush bristle ends was detected using stereo microscopy and electron microscopy. Results: The selected manual brushes show a large discrepancy in the quality of the processing of the bristles not only in the comparison amongst the observed brushes, but the quality of the bristles is not consistent even within one observation of a single brush. Conclusion: The observation clearly demonstrated a significantly higher quality of the bristles processing of the Tepe Compact x – soft brush compared to other brushes.

• MeSH
• elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mikroskopie MeSH
• zubní prostředky domácí * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate systematically the influence of sex of dental professionals on their capability for visual color matching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020205393). PICOS question was develop based on the population, intervention, comparison, outcomes, and study design (PICOS). Eligibility criteria included cross section studies, randomized clinical trials and cohort studies that compared the effect of sex on the visual color matching process. Five electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, and SCOPUS) and additional literature were screened independently by two researchers in July 2020. Clinical studies evaluating visual color matching skills of dental professionals were included. Studies that did not compare the difference between sexes were excluded. Duplicate articles were removed, titles and abstracts were screened, and studies were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools. RESULTS: A total of 1192 articles were screened from which 132 full text articles were analyzed and 37 finally included in the systematic review. Most of the studies evaluated the color matching abilities of dental students in vitro with shade tabs or extracted teeth. Out of the 37 articles included, 25 reported no significant difference in shade matching abilities between the sexes. Of the 12 studies that found a significant difference, 11 reported that females had better scores in shade matching exercises. For all studies a low risk of bias was revealed for most of the domains. CONCLUSIONS: While the non-homogeneity of the settings and methods in the included studies make it impossible to construct aggregate statistic, this systematic review suggests that the sex is unlikely to be a critical factor influencing color matching abilities. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study suggest that sex of dental professionals does not play a critical factor in matching satisfactory color of future dental restoration with surrounding teeth.

• MeSH
• barva MeSH
• barvení protéz * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• vnímání barev MeSH
• zubní protéza - design MeSH
• zuby * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH