Coumarin belongs to a class of lactones that are fundamentally comprised of a benzene ring fused to an α-pyrone ring; these lactones are known as benzopyrones. Similarly, coumarin has a conjugated electron-rich framework and good charge-transport properties. Plants produce coumarin as a chemical response to protect themselves from predation. Coumarins are used in different products, such as cosmetics, additives, perfumes, aroma enhancers in various tobaccos and some alcoholic drinks, and they play a relevant role in natural products and in organic and medicinal chemistry. In addition, as candidate drugs, many coumarin compounds have strong pharmacological activity, low toxicity, high bioavailability and better curative effects and have been used to treat various types of diseases. Various endeavors were made to create coumarin-based anticoagulant, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, antineurodegenerative, analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. A class of chemical compounds called furocoumarins has phototoxic properties and is naturally synthesized via the fusion of coumarin to a furan ring in different plant species. Psoralens belong to the furocoumarin class and occur naturally in various plants, e.g., lemons, limes, and parsnips. Angelicin is an isomer of psoralens, and most furocoumarins, e.g., xanthotoxin, bergapten, and nodekenetin, are derivatives of psoralens or angelicin. The present work demonstrated that psoralen molecules exhibit anti-tumoral activity against breast cancer and influence different intracellular signals to maintain the high survival of breast cancer cells. Psoralens perform different functions, e.g., antagonize metabolic pathways, protease enzymes, and cell cycle progression and even interfere in the crosslinking between receptors and growth factor mitogenic signaling.

• MeSH
• Analgesics chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Anti-Infective Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Antitubercular Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Ficusin chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Hypoglycemic Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Molecular Structure MeSH
• Neuroprotective Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Antineoplastic Agents chemistry   pharmacology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Review MeSH

Psoriázu v oblasti vlasové pokožky, nehtů, dlaní a plosek řadíme mezi obtížně léčitelné formy psoriázy. Frekvence výskytu těchto forem psoriázy (kromě postižení vlasové pokožky) nebývá tak častá jako plakovitá forma v typické predilekční lokalizaci, avšak svým umístěním bývá pro pacienty velmi znevýhodňující. Představuje velkou psychosociální zátěž vzhledem k viditelnosti projevů a postižené omezuje při práci i v běžném životě. Možnosti terapie jsou v těchto lokalizacích limitované. Vzhledem k horší prostupnosti extern přes nehtovou ploténku, vlasovou bariéru a silnou rohovou vrstvu dlaní a plosek bývá lokální léčba často neúspěšná a je nutné volit celkovou terapii s možným výskytem nežádoucích účinků. V článku zmíníme přehled nejčastějších terapeutických postupů u jednotlivých lokalizací obtížně léčitelné formy psoriázy a ilustrativní kazuistiku pacientky s nehtovou formou psoriázy.

Psoriasis of scalp, nails, palms and soles belong to group called difficult to treat psoriasis. Incidence of these types of psoriasis is not as frequent as typical plaque psoriasis, but it means a big psychosocial impact on the patient. For patient it presents limitation at work and daily routine. Possibilities of treatment are mostly limited by its localization (barrier of hair, nail plate and strong hyperkeratosis of palms and soles), it is often resistant to therapy and shows frequent relapse. Systemic treatments are necessary in case the topical therapy is not successful considering the higher psychological impact on the patient. In this article we mention review of the most frequent treatment approaches in each localization and an ilustrative case report of patient with nail psoriasis.

• MeSH
• Acitretin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Patient Compliance MeSH
• Bacterial Infections and Mycoses drug therapy   microbiology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Emollients MeSH
• Ficusin administration & dosage   MeSH
• Glucocorticoids administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Drug Therapy, Combination MeSH
• Integumentary System pathology   MeSH
• Quality of Life MeSH
• Lasers, Excimer therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Malassezia drug effects   MeSH
• Methotrexate administration & dosage   MeSH
• Nail Diseases drug therapy   microbiology   pathology   MeSH
• Hair Diseases drug therapy   microbiology   pathology   MeSH
• Psoriasis * drug therapy   MeSH
• PUVA Therapy MeSH
• Staphylococcus aureus drug effects   MeSH
• Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha antagonists & inhibitors   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Case Reports MeSH
• Review MeSH