Children with disabilities engage less in physical activity and sports during their spare time compared to their peers without disabilities. Modern sports, contextual factors, and parents' fear of discrimination have been discussed as barriers to participation. The aim of this study is to describe parents' experiences of their child with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) participating in a PAP intervention. The intervention involved a Child and Adolescent Psychiatry outpatient clinic (CAP), the Regional Sport Federation, and local sport clubs in the southwestern region of Sweden. A sample of 13 parents took part in semi-structured interviews, and qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis. The analysis resulted in three main categories, including sub-categories. By being part of a collaboration, the parents experienced two different worlds coming together, the CAP and the sport world, and they were also aware of the collaboration's organisation and need for resources. In growing with sports, the parents described that treating the children with respect involved learning sports from the child's condition and creating a social space for them. Regarding individual motivation for participating in sports, the parents expressed that the children felt proud to be part of the PAP intervention and experienced a sense of belonging in the group with the other children. The study highlights perspectives for developing sports for all in local sport clubs and improving sports as part of the CAP care for children with NDD.
- MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- neurovývojové poruchy * rehabilitace MeSH
- pohybová aktivita MeSH
- postižené děti * psychologie rehabilitace MeSH
- rodiče MeSH
- rozhovory jako téma MeSH
- sport pro děti a mládež MeSH
- sporty pro handicapované MeSH
- zapojení do společnosti MeSH
- zapojení pacienta MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
This interpretive study explored participants' perceptions of their child's involvement in Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAAT). EAAT is implemented with a horse and is based on the notion that interacting with the horse has positive benefits. Such activity is nearly always reported to have positive effects on the child. Few studies have investigated the perceptions of the parents of their children's participation in horseback riding activities. The purpose of this study is to determine how parents and/or guardians perceive how EAAT impacts their young riders, and the epiphanic ways in which the parents view those changes. Seven parents of participating children were purposefully sampled. Riders included five girls (5-10 years old) and six boys (6-16 years old) with cognitive and/or emotional disabilities including Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Autism Spectrum Disorder, Down syndrome, and more. Findings were analyzed through an interpretive lens of epiphany. Participants spoke of the positive ways in which they and their children were accepted, and discussed improvements in children's strength, social development, and specific individual needs. Parents' views of the impact on their children are essential to improving service and advocacy for their children.
- MeSH
- dětská psychologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- postižené děti psychologie rehabilitace MeSH
- postojová analýza MeSH
- rodiče * psychologie MeSH
- sociální percepce MeSH
- spokojenost pacientů MeSH
- sport pro děti a mládež MeSH
- sporty pro handicapované MeSH
- terapie využívající koní * MeSH
- výsledek terapie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
[Relative Age effect in Czech orienteering runners]
Fenomén relativního věku (Relative Age Effect, RAE) silně ovlivňuje sportovní vývoj mládeže. RAE odkazuje na neúměrně vysoké procento sportovců narozených na začátku kalendářního (selekčního) roku ve sportovních výběrech. V posledních letech došlo k nárůstu studií týkajících se této problematiky i v méně populárních sportech. Počet studií v těchto sportech často není dostatečný což znemožňuje komplexní pochopení problematiky RAE. Cílem předložené studie bylo zjistit přítomnost RAE u nejlepších orientačních běžců a běžkyň (n = 469) v kategoriích žáků, dorostenců a juniorů (věkové kategorie U12–U20) v České republice. Potřebná data byla získána z informačního systému orientačního běhu (ORIS). Podle data narození byli běžci a běžkyně zařazeni do jednotlivých čtvrtletích (Qi) a půlroků (Si). Výsledná data byla porovnávána s očekávanými daty pro jednotlivé části roku. Analýza byla provedena za pomoci Chi-kvadrát testu (χ2 test) ve verzi testu dobré shody (Goodness-of-Fit). Výsledky ukázaly, že v celém zkoumaném souboru se narodilo více běžců a běžkyň ve druhé polovině roku. Obdobně tomu bylo i v jednotlivých kategoriích, s výjimkou kategorií U16 a U18. V kategorii U16 bylo více sportovců narozeno v první polovině roku, což byla jediná výjimka, a v kategorii U18 bylo rozložení dat narození v rámci půlroků vyrovnané. V celém zkoumaném souboru a v žádné jednotlivé kategorii však nebyla potvrzena statistická významnost výsledků (p > 0,05). Dosáhnuté výsledky mohou být ovlivněny několika faktory: jeden z těchto faktorů je pravděpodobně skutečnost, že se jedná o neolympijský sport a v České republice je stále poměrně okrajový. Z tohoto důvodu se zdá, že vlivy, které podporují RAE, nejsou tak výrazné, aby se významně projevily na přítomnosti tohoto fenoménu.
The Relative Age Effect (RAE) is a phenomenon that strongly affects the sports development of youth. RAE refers to the disproportionately high percentage of athletes born at the beginning of the calendar (selection) year in sports selections. In recent years, there has been an increase in studies related to this issue, even in less popular sports. The number of studies in these sports is often insufficient, which hinders a comprehensive understanding of the RAE issue. The aim of the presented study was to determine the presence of RAE among the top orienteering male and female athletes (n = 469) in the categories of pupils, juniors, and youth (age categories U12-U20) in the Czech Republic. The data was obtained from the Orienteering Information System (ORIS). Based on the birthdate, the runners were categorized into quartiles (Qi) and semesters (Si). The resulting data was compared with the expected data for the individual parts of the year. The analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test (χ2 test) in the Goodness-of-Fit version. The results showed that in the entire sample, more runners were born in the second half of the year. Similarly, this was the case in the individual categories, except for the age category U16 and U18. In the category U16, more athletes were born in the first half of the year, which was the only exception, and in the category U18, the distribution of birthdates within the semesters was balanced. However, in the entire sample and in none of the individual categories, the statistical significance of the results was confirmed (p > 0.05). The achieved results may be influenced by several factors, with one of these factors likely being the fact that it is a non-Olympic sport and is still relatively marginal in the Czech Republic. For this reason, it appears that the influences that support RAE are not so significant as to significantly affect the presence of this phenomenon.
Sportovní příležitosti zaměřené na sportovce s mentálním postižením procházejí vývojem. Sportovní příprava osob s mentálním postižením má svá specifika. V mnoha případech je vyžadován speciální přístup, asistence a podpora. Existuje mnoho případů, kdy se jeden z rodičů nebo dokonce oba stanou trenéry nebo doprovází své dítě s postižením na sportovní akci. Vzniká tak prostor nejen pro potřebnou podporu, poznání, rozvoj, ale i výjimečné chvíle společných zážitků. Cílem této studie bylo zjistit názory a přínos sportu z pohledu rodičů. Zvolenou metodou výzkumu byly rozhovory s rodiči dětí s mentálním postižením. Získané informace byly zdokumentovány, na základě kódování byly vytvořeny kategorie a postupně analyzovány. Výsledky potvrdily přínos sportu pro jedince s mentálním postižením i jejich rodiče. Výzkum popisuje vliv na motivaci, emoční vývoj, samostatnost, seberealizaci a sounáležitost. Velmi důležitá je podpora rodiny, zejména v době inkluze, při hledání sportovních aktivit a cílů rodin dětí s postižením. Pomocnou roli mají školy a kluby, jejich role je menší než v období před inkluzivním vzděláváním
Sports opportunities focused on athletes with intellectual disabilities are undergoing development. The athletic preparation of individuals with intellectual disabilities has its specificities, often requiring a special approach, assistance, and support. In many cases, one or both parents become coaches or accompany their disabled child to sports events. This creates a space not only for necessary support, understanding and development but also for exceptional moments of shared experiences. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives and benefits of sports from the viewpoint of parents. The chosen research method was interviews with parents of children with intellectual disabilities. The gathered information was documented, categories were created based on coding and they were subsequently analysed. The results confirmed that there are benefits of sports for individuals with intellectual disabilities and their parents. The research describes the impact on motivation, emotional development, independence, self-realization and a sense of belonging. Family support is crucial, especially during inclusive periods, for searching sports activities and goals for families of children with disabilities. Schools and clubs play a supportive role, smaller than in the period before inclusive education.
Krasobruslení je velmi náročný sport z fyzického hlediska. Trenér by měl dbát na to, aby omezoval možná rizika sportování a předcházel zraněním. Hlavním cílem této studie byla snaha prokázat, že u mladých krasobruslařů ve věku od 7 do 12 let dochází vlivem čtyřletého pravidelného tréninku ke vzniku svalových dysbalancí a hypermobility. Sledovaný soubor tvořilo 7 krasobruslařek v mladším školním věku z HC Tábor. Základní charakteristika účastníků byla kategorie nejmladšího a mladšího žactva (věk = 8,71 ± 1,10, výška 135,5 ± 6,8 cm, hmotnost = 32 ± 6,9 kg). K testování svalového zkrácení a oslabení byly použity testy dle Dostálové i Horkela, které vychází z Jandova funkčního svalového testu. Hodnocení probíhalo pozorováním od výchozí polohy přes průběh provedení cviku až po konečnou polohu. Při posuzování splnění daných kritérií prováděného testového cviku jsme vždy přihlíželi k celému rozsahu pohybu, nejen k jeho výchozí a konečné poloze. Všechny testové cviky byly posuzovány binárně. Při měření byly zjištěny svalové dysbalance v oblasti bederního svalstva, vzpřimovačů trupu, šíje a hamstringů. Svalové dysbalance lze vyrovnat konpenzačními cvičeními. Nejvíce zkrácené byly svaly vzpřimovače trupu a zkrácené svaly na zadní straně dolních končetin. Dále také oslabené svaly šíje. Jako velký problém se ukázala hypermobilita.
Figure skating is a very demanding sport both physically and mentally. The coach should take care to limit the possible risks of the sport and prevent injuries. The main objective of this study was to try to show that young figure skaters aged 7 to 12 years experience muscle imbalances due to four years of regular training. The study population consisted of 7 female figure skaters of younger school age from HC Tábor. The basic characteristics of the participants were the category of the youngest and younger schoolchildren (age = 8.71 ± 1.10, height = 135.5 ± 6.8 cm, weight = 32 ± 6.9 kg). Both Dostalova and Horkel tests were used to test muscle shortening and weakening, based on Jand's functional muscletest. Assessment was by observation from the starting position through the progression of exercise performance to the final position. When assessing the fulfilment of the given criteria of the performed test exercise, we always took into account the whole range of motion, not only its initial and final position. All test exercises were assessed binary. Muscle imbalances in the lumbar, trunk extensors, neck and hamstrings were measured. Muscle imbalances can be compensated by compensatory exercises. The trunk extensor muscles were the most shortened and the muscles on the back of the lower limbs were the most shortened. In addition, the neck muscles were also weakened. Hypermobility proved tobe a major problem.
The positive and appropriate development of children through youth sport is of the utmost importance. The quality of this experience can also have a direct effect on their life-long engagement in physical activity and sport (Newman et al., 2018). The Game in the Child Model was designed on the premise that you must first learn how to teach the child before you can teach them to play the sport and is most beneficial for children 12 years of age and younger. This foundational premise guides all other components of the model from a philosophical as well as a developmental level. These guiding factors consist of four levels beginning with child characteristics (how they think, feel, grow), coach characteristics (their past and present experiences), organizational characteristics (type and purpose). The leads to gaining a better understanding of how play can be used as a tool for growth and development within an athlete-centered environment. The final two levels address a game-based pedagogical approach that reflects the first two levels with the goal of unlocking the Game within the Child. The model also recognizes the importance of the child’s social, economic, and political influences through the envelopment of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Theory (1975, 1977).
PURPOSE: To examine the influence of growth and maturation in the trajectory of stretch-shortening cycle capability. METHOD: Using a mixed-longitudinal design, absolute and relative leg stiffness and reactive strength index (RSI) were measured 3 times over a 3-year period in 44 youth team-sport players. Maturation was determined as maturity offset and included within the Bayesian inference analysis as a covariate alongside chronological age. RESULTS: Irrespective of age and maturation, there was no change in absolute leg stiffness, however relative leg stiffness decreased over time. Maturation and age reduced this decline, but the decline remained significant (Bayesian factor [10] = 5097, model averaged R2 = .61). The RSI increased over time and more so in older more mature youth players (Bayesian factor [10] = 9.29e8, model averaged R2 = .657). CONCLUSION: In youth players who are at/post peak height velocity, relative leg stiffness appears to decline, which could have an impact on both performance and injury risk. However, RSI increases during this period, and these data reinforce that leg stiffness and RSI reflect different components of stretch-shortening cycle capability. Practitioners should consider these differences when planning training to maximize stretch-shortening cycle capability during growth and maturation in athletes on the developmental performance pathway.
- MeSH
- Bayesova věta MeSH
- bérec fyziologie MeSH
- kosterní svaly fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- longitudinální studie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- sport pro děti a mládež MeSH
- sportovci * MeSH
- svalová kontrakce * MeSH
- svalová síla MeSH
- týmové sporty MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
With the growth of sport for development (SFD), it is increasingly important to ensure that programmes are intentionally designed to meet the needs of the communities they serve, in a way that helps build community capacity. Still, many programmes have been criticised for not considering the voices of marginalised individuals, specifically youth programme recipients, in the planning and development of SFDprogrammes. Additionally, programmes are developed from a deficit approach where only the needs or negative aspects of the community are being considered in the planning and development of programming. With these issues in mind, the purpose of this study was to assess the usefulness of photovoice as a strategic tool to give youth a voice in SFD needs and asset assessment. Additionally, it examined how practitioners can utilize the outcomes of a needs and asset assessment in planning and implementing SFD programming. The results highlight the assets and challenges that the youth participants identified and the practical use of the assessment from the perspective of programme administrators. The results suggest that photovoice can allow youth programme participants to have a genuine voice in programme development.
Pohyb je život, ISSN 1212-0669 Ročník 24, číslo 2, metodická příloha 90, červen 2020
15 stran : ilustrace ; 23 cm
Příloha o pohybových soutěžích v přírodě. Určeno široké veřejnosti
- MeSH
- příroda MeSH
- rekreační hry MeSH
- řízení bezpečnosti MeSH
- sport pro děti a mládež MeSH
- sporty MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Sport. Hry. Tělesná cvičení
- NLK Obory
- tělovýchovné lékařství
- NLK Publikační typ
- brožury
Pohyb je život, ISSN 1212-0669 Ročník 24, číslo 3, metodická příloha 91, září 2020
7 stran : ilustrace ; 23 cm
Příloha o pohybových hrách pro děti. Určeno široké veřejnosti
- MeSH
- cvičení MeSH
- podpora zdraví MeSH
- sport pro děti a mládež MeSH
- sporty MeSH
- Publikační typ
- populární práce MeSH
- příručky MeSH
- Konspekt
- Sport. Hry. Tělesná cvičení
- NLK Obory
- tělovýchovné lékařství
- NLK Publikační typ
- brožury
