Ticks can survive in harsh and fluctuating vegetated environments for long durations between blood feedings with highly developed osmoregulatory mechanisms. Like the unique life history of hematophagous ticks, osmoregulatory organs and their regulatory mechanisms are significantly different from those in the closely related insect taxa. Over the last ten years, research has uncovered several neuropeptidergic innervations of the primary osmoregulatory organ, the salivary glands: myoinhibitory peptide (MIP), SIFamide, and elevenin. These neuropeptides are thought to be modulators of dopamine's autocrine or paracrine actions controlling the salivary glands, including the activation of fluid transport into the lumen of salivary acini and the pumping and gating action of salivary acini for expelling fluids out into salivary ducts. These actions are through two different dopamine receptors, D1 receptor and invertebrate D1-like dopamine receptor, respectively. Interestingly, MIP and SIFamide are also involved in the control of another important excretory/osmoregulatory organ, the hindgut, where SIFamide is myostimulatory, with MIP having antagonistic effects. FGLamide related allatostatin is also found to have axonal projections located on the surface of the rectum. Investigations of the osmoregulatory mechanisms of these critical vector species will potentially lead to the development of a measure to control tick species.
- MeSH
- axony metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- biologické modely MeSH
- dopamin metabolismus MeSH
- endokrinní systém metabolismus MeSH
- fluorescenční barviva metabolismus MeSH
- klíště metabolismus MeSH
- neurony metabolismus MeSH
- orgánová specificita * MeSH
- osmoregulace * MeSH
- slinné žlázy metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
The salivary gland of hard ticks is a highly innervated tissue where multiple intertwined axonal projections enter each individual acini. In the present study, we investigated the ultrastructural architecture of axonal projections within granular salivary gland type II and III acini of Ixodes ricinus female. Using immunogold labeling, we specifically examined the associations of SIFamide neuropeptide, SIFamide receptor (SIFa_R), neuropeptide pigment dispersing factor (PDF), and the invertebrate-specific D1-like dopamine receptor (InvD1L), with acinar cells. In both acini types, SIFamide-positive axons were found to be in direct contact with either basal epithelial cells or a single adlumenal myoepithelial cell in close proximity to the either the acinar duct or its valve, respectively. Accordingly, SIFa_R staining correlated with SIFamide-positive axons in both basal epithelial and myoepithelial cells. Immunoreactivity for both InvD1L and PDF (type II acini exclusively) revealed positive axons radiating along the acinar lumen. These axons were primarily enclosed by the adlumenal myoepithelial cell plasma membrane and interstitial projections of ablumenal epithelial cells. Our study has revealed the detailed ultrastructure of I. ricinus salivary glands, and provides a solid baseline for a comprehensive understanding of the cell-axon interactions and their functions in this essential tick organ.
- MeSH
- axony metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- Ixodidae MeSH
- klíště ultrastruktura MeSH
- receptory dopaminové metabolismus MeSH
- slinné žlázy inervace metabolismus ultrastruktura MeSH
- transmisní elektronová mikroskopie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Závěrečná zpráva o řešení grantu Interní grantové agentury MZ ČR
1 svazek : ilustrace, tabulky ; 30 cm
Cílem projektu je posouzení možných etiopatogenetických faktorů při vzniku a přirozeném průběhu intersticiální cystitidy, posouzení možného vlivu axonopatie nervů ve stěně měchýře na fixaci neuropatické bolesti; podle míry exprese beta-HCG v urotelu zhodnotit stupeň postižení močového měchýře a jeho ev. regeneraci v rámci maturačních procesů a posoudit účinnost např. intravezikální léčby. Sekundárním cílem je posouzení možného vlivu bakteriální infekce na vznik tohoto závažného a pacienty invalidizujícího onemocnění.; The project aims to assess the possible etiopathogenetic factors in the development and the natural course of interstitial cystitis, assessing the potential impact axonopatie nerves in the bladder wall for fixation of neuropathic pain, the degree of expression of beta-HCG in the urothelium assess the degree of impairment of bladder and his ex. regeneration in the maturation process and assess the effectiveness of intravesical therapy for example. A secondary objective is to assess the possible influence of bacterial infection to the emergence of this serious and debilitating disease patients.
- MeSH
- axony patologie ultrastruktura MeSH
- diferenciální diagnóza MeSH
- intersticiální cystitida diagnóza mikrobiologie MeSH
- lidský choriogonadotropin, beta podjednotka analýza MeSH
- nemoci močového měchýře MeSH
- neurogenní močový měchýř MeSH
- pánevní bolest MeSH
- ženy MeSH
- Konspekt
- Patologie. Klinická medicína
- NLK Obory
- urologie
- NLK Publikační typ
- závěrečné zprávy o řešení grantu IGA MZ ČR
- MeSH
- axony ultrastruktura MeSH
- biologické hodiny * fyziologie MeSH
- cirkadiánní rytmus * fyziologie MeSH
- dendrity ultrastruktura MeSH
- fotoreceptory * fyziologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- modely u zvířat MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oči MeSH
- reflex pupilární fyziologie MeSH
- retinální gangliové buňky fyziologie chemie MeSH
- signální transdukce MeSH
- tyčinkové opsiny * fyziologie MeSH
- zraková percepce MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- myši MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
