Background: Burns in children represent a significant public health issue due to their high frequency and potential for severe physical and psychological consequences. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of burns in hospitalized children and adolescents in the Republic of Srpska between 2018 and 2020. Methods: A multicenter retrospective study was conducted, collecting data from the national e-base of the Agency for Certification, Accreditation and Quality Improvement of Health Care of the Republic of Srpska for patients aged ≤19 years hospitalized for burns. ICD-10 codes were used to identify burns, from which demographic and clinical characteristics were extracted. Results: A total of 70 patients were identified, with a median age of 1 year [interquartile range (IQR3): 1-4 years]. The majority were children aged 0 to 9 years (84.3%), and 67.1% were boys. Most burns occurred during winter (34.3%), and the median hospital LOS was 6.5 days (IQR: 5-9 days). Scalds from hot liquids were the most common type (84.3%), primarily affecting the lower extremities (31.4%) and head and neck (25.7%). Statistically significant differences were observed in the causes of burns, affected anatomical regions, and age groups (p < 0.05). The burned body surface area ranged from less than 10% to 29% TBSA, with 61.4% having less than 10%, and no significant differences based on age, gender, or cause of hospitalization (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Burns from hot liquids and contact burns are the main causes of injuries in hospitalized children aged 1 to 4 years in the Republic of Srpska, highlighting the need for targeted prevention strategies.
- MeSH
- Child, Hospitalized * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Child MeSH
- Epidemiologic Studies MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Burns * epidemiology etiology pathology MeSH
- Routinely Collected Health Data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Child MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Multicenter Study MeSH
- Geographicals
- Serbia MeSH
PURPOSE: To describe temporal trends in inpatient care use for adult mental disorders in Czechia from 1994 until 2015. METHODS: Data from the nationwide register of inpatient care use and yearly census data were used to calculate (a) yearly admissions rates, (b) median length of stay, and (c) standardized inpatient-years for adult mental disorders (ICD-10 codes F0-F6] or G30). Segmented regressions were used to analyze age- and sex-specific temporal trends. RESULTS: Admission rates were increasing in adults (average annual percent change = 0.51; 95% confidence interval = 0.16 to 0.86 for females and 1.01; 0.63 to 1.40 for males) and adolescents and emerging adults (3.27; 2.57 to 3.97 for females and 2.98; 2.08 to 3.88 for males), whereas in seniors, the trend was stable (1.22; -0.31 to 2.73 for females and 1.35; -0.30 to 2.98 for males). The median length of stay for studied mental disorders decreased across all age and sex strata except for a stable trend in male adolescents and emerging adults (-0.96; -2.02 to 0.10). Standardized inpatient-years were decreasing in adults of both sexes (-0.85; -1.42 to -0.28 for females and -0.87; -1.19 to -0.56 for males), increasing in female adolescents and emerging adults (0.95; 0.42 to 1.47), and stable in the remaining strata. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric hospital admissions were increasing or stable coupled with considerable reductions in median length of stay, suggesting that inpatient episodes for adult mental disorders have become more frequent and shorter over time. The overall psychiatric inpatient care use was decreasing or stable in adults and seniors, potentially implying a gradual shift away from hospital-based care.
- MeSH
- Length of Stay * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Mental Disorders * therapy epidemiology MeSH
- Hospitalization * statistics & numerical data trends MeSH
- Inpatients * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Patient Admission statistics & numerical data trends MeSH
- Registries * MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Adolescent MeSH
- Young Adult MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Studie se zaměřuje na trendy v počtu pádů geriatrických pacientů ve Fakultní nemocnici Olomouc v období let 2014–2023 s důrazem na rizikové faktory, jako jsou farmakoterapie a kognitivní deficit. Pády představují závažný problém, který může vést k vážným zraněním a snížení kvality života. V rámci výzkumu bylo zaznamenáno celkem 801 pádů, což odpovídá průměru 10,35 pádu na 100 hospitalizovaných pacientů. Průměrný věk pacientů se zaznamenaným pádem byl 81,4 let. Nejčastěji užívanou skupinou léků mezi těmito pacienty byla antihypertenziva, což odráží vysokou prevalenci hypertenze u starší populace. Výsledky ukazují na významný nárůst pádů po přesunu geriatrického oddělení do nových prostor. Studie poukazuje na důležitost sledování rizikových faktorů pádu u geriatrických pacientů a snahu o jejich předcházení.
The study focuses on trends in the number of falls in geriatric patients at the University Hospital Olomouc in the period 2014-2023, with an emphasis on risk factors such as drug therapy and cognitive deficit. Falls are a serious problem that can lead to serious injuries and reduced quality of life. A total of 801 falls were recorded in the study, corresponding to an average of 10.35 falls per 100 inpatients. The average age of patients with a recorded fall was 81.4 years. The most commonly used medication group among these patients was antihypertensives, reflecting the high prevalence of hypertension in the elderly population. The results show a significant increase in falls after the geriatric ward was moved to the new building. The study highlights the importance of monitoring risk factors for falls in geriatric patients and trying to prevent them.
- MeSH
- Antihypertensive Agents adverse effects MeSH
- Drug Therapy statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions complications MeSH
- Risk Factors MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Accidental Falls * statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Clinical Study MeSH
Akutní virové gastroenteritidy (GE) jsou celosvětově a také v České republice (ČR) závažným problémem, zejména u dětí. V článku jsou popsány základní epidemiologické charakteristiky těchto onemocnění v ČR v letech 2018–2022, stručně je zmíněn jejich klinický obraz, diagnostika, léčba a prevence. Celkem bylo v uvedeném období v elektronickém Informačním systému infekční nemoci (ISIN) hlášeno 43 720 virových gastroenteritid (dg. A08), z čehož 22267 (51 %) bylo rotavirových (RGE), 13634 (31 %) norovirových (NGE) a 5447 (12,5 %) adenovirových (AGE). Průměrná roční incidence u RGE byla 42/100 000, u NGE 25,7/100 000 a u AGE dosahovala 10,3/100 000 obyvatel. Muži byli zastoupeni mezi nemocnými u RGE v 48,8 %, u NGE v 44,3 %, a u AGE v 53 %. Onemocnění se vyskytovala celoročně. Hospitalizováno bylo 70,6 % osob u RGE, 50,3 % osob u NGE a 55,7 % osob u AGE. Nejvyšší věkově specifická incidence byla u RGE, NGE i AGE zjištěna u kojenců a ve věkové skupině 1–4 roky. Většina případů GE byla hlášena jako sporadické případy. Celkem bylo hlášeno 114 epidemií/klastrů s dg. A08, nejvyšší počet případů v epidemii byl 245. Z celkového počtu případů bylo 11,9 % hlášeno v rámci epidemie/klastru, u RGE to bylo 2,6 % případů, u NGE 33 %, u AGE nebyla v uvedeném období epidemie zaznamenána. V průběhu pandemie covid-19 byl zaznamenán pokles výskytu uvedených onemocnění. Prevence virových střevních nákaz je nespecifická, založená na dodržování správné hygienické praxe. Proti RGE je v ČR od roku 2008 doporučeno očkování.
Acute viral gastroenteritis (GE) is a serious problem worldwide and also in the Czech Republic, especially in children. The article describes the basic epidemiological characteristics of these diseases in the Czech Republic in 2018-2022, briefly mentions their clinical picture, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. A total of 43,720 cases of viral gastroenteritis (dg. A08) were reported in the electronic Infectious Disease Information System (ISIN) during the period, of which 22,267 (51%) were caused by rotaviruses (RGE), 13,634 (31%) by noroviruses (NGE) and 5,447 (12.5%) by adenoviruses (AGE). The average annual incidence rate was 42/100,000 for RGE, 25.7/100,000 for NGE and 10.3/100,000 for AGE. Among the patients, in RGE males represented 48.8%, 44.3% in NGE, and 53% in AGE. The diseases occurred year-round. Hospitalization rates were 70.6% for RGE, 50.3% for NGE and 55.7% for AGE. The highest age-specific incidence rates for RGE, NGE and AGE were found in infants and in the age group 1-4 years'. Most of the GE cases were reported as sporadic cases. A total of 114 epidemics/clusters were reported with dg. A08, the highest number of cases in an epidemic was 245. Of the total number of cases, 11.9% were reported in epidemic/cluster, of RGE 2.6% were clusters, of NGE 33% and no epidemic was reported in AGE during this period. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a decrease in the incidence of these diseases was observed. Prevention of viral enteric infections is non-specific, based on adherence to good hygiene practices. Vaccination against RGE has been recommended in the Czech Republic since 2008.
- MeSH
- Gastroenteritis * epidemiology etiology classification MeSH
- Disease Notification MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Age Factors MeSH
- Virus Diseases * epidemiology etiology classification MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- News MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Cíl: Frailty (F) je medicínský syndrom spojený se vzestupem sarkopenie s dopadem na kvalitu života, zdravotní péči i zdravotnictví jako celek. Metodika: Předkládáme retrospektivní kohortní studii pacientů z let 1995–2022, kteří byli akutně přijati na naši kliniku. Šlo celkem o 29 646 osob věkového pásma od 65 do 105 roků. Z tohoto počtu bylo 18 867 žen průměrného věku 81,7 ± 7,7 r., zatímco mužů bylo jen 10 787 průměrného věku 79,0 ± 7,6 r. Ženy byly o téměř 3 roky starší oproti mužům (p < 0,01). Výsledky: U podsouboru mladších seniorů (65–74 r.) se pohyboval výskyt F u mužů mezi 12 až 20 % a u žen mezi 13 až 19 %. S rostoucím věkem je zjevný vzestup výskytu F – v podsouboru věku 75–84 roků u mužů na 16–33 % a u žen na 18–24 %. U nejstarší věkové podskupiny ≥ 85 roků dochází k významnému vzestupu F, a to u mužů na 25–40 % a u žen na 26–38 %. Pre-frailty u mužů kolísalo mezi 36–50 % a u žen mezi 27–55 %. Mortalita byla významně vyšší u jedinců akutně hospitalizovaných s F u mužů ve všech věkových skupinách 31–32 % a u žen 22–26 %; zatímco u skupiny akutně přijatých nemocných bez F stoupala u mužů s věkem od 3,0 do 6 % a u žen od 2,1 do 4 %. Závěr: Naše data poukazují na význam sledování frailty a riziko zvýšené mortality s ním spojené u akutně hospitalizovaných seniorů a podtrhují možnosti prevence a léčby.
Objective: Frailty (F) is a medical syndrome associated with the rise of sarcopenia with an impact on quality of life, health care, and health care as a whole. Methodology: We present a retrospective cohort study of patients from 1995 to 2022 who were acutely admitted to our clinic. There were a total of 29,646 people aged 65 to 105. Of this number, there were 18,867 women with an average age of 81.7 ± 7.7 years, while there were only 10,787 men with an average age of 79.0 ± 7.6 years. Women were almost 3 years older than men (p < 0, 01). Results: In the subset of younger seniors (65– 74 years), the occurrence of F in men ranged between 12 and 20 % and in women between 13 and 19 %. With increasing age, there is an obvious increase in the occurrence of F – in the subset aged 75–84 years in men to 16–33 % and in women to 18–24 %. In the oldest age subgroup ≥ 85 years, there is a significant rise in F – to 25–40 % in men and 26–38 % in women. Pre-frailty in men varied between 36–50 % and in women between 27–55 %. Mortality was significantly higher in individuals acutely hospitalized with F in men in all age groups 31–32 % and in women 22–26 %; while in the group of acutely admitted patients without F, it increased in men with age from 3.0 to 6 % and in women from 2.1 to 4 %. Conclusion: Our data point to the importance of monitoring frailty and the risk of increased mortality associated with it in acutely hospitalized seniors and underline prevention and treatment options.
- MeSH
- Hospitalization MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Frail Elderly * MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Hospital Mortality * MeSH
- Prevalence MeSH
- Retrospective Studies MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Geographicals
- Czech Republic MeSH
Hospitalized patients in internal medicine have an increased risk of low physical reserve which further declines during the hospital stay. The diagnosis requires bed-side testing of functional domains or more complex investigations of the muscle mass. Clinically useful biomarkers of functional status are needed, thus we aimed to explore the potential of microRNAs. Among hospitalized patients, we recorded the basic demographics, anthropometrics, nutritional status, and physical function domains: hand-grip strength (HGS, abnormal values M<30 kg, W<20 kg), balance (<30 s), chair-stands speed (CHSS<0.5/s) and gait speed (GS<0.8 m/s). A panel of five micro-RNAs (miRNA 1, miRNA 133a, miRNA 133b, miRNA 29a, miRNA 29b) and basic blood biochemistry and vitamin D values were recorded. We enrolled 80 patients (M40, W40), with a mean age of 68.8±8.4 years. Obesity was observed in 27.5 % and 30 %, low HGS and low CHSS in 65.0, 77.5 %, and 80, 90 % of men and women respectively. The median hospital stay was 6.5 days. MiRNA29a and miRNA29b have the strongest correlation with the triceps skinfold (miRNA 29b, r=0.377, p=0.0006) and CHSS (miRNA 29a, r=0.262, p=0.02). MiRNA 29a, miRNA 29b and 133a levels were significantly higher in patients with CHSS<0.5/s. Other anthropometric parameters, mobility domains, or vitamin D did not correlate. All miRNAs except of miRNA 1, could predict low CHSS (miRNA29b, AUROC=0.736 CI 0.56-0.91, p=0.01), particularly in patients with low HGS (miRNA 29b, AUROC=0.928 CI 0.83-0.98). Among hospitalized patients in internal medicine, low functional status was frequent. MicroRNAs were fair biomarkers of the antigravity domain, but not other domains. Larger studies with clinical endpoints are needed.
- MeSH
- Biomarkers blood MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Physical Examination statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Cohort Studies MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- MicroRNAs blood MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Physical Fitness physiology MeSH
- Internal Medicine MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- MeSH
- COVID-19 * epidemiology MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Critical Care methods organization & administration MeSH
- Nursing Staff, Hospital statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Disaster Planning organization & administration MeSH
- Bed Conversion statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Severity of Illness Index MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Newspaper Article MeSH
- MeSH
- Length of Stay statistics & numerical data trends MeSH
- Geriatric Nursing methods standards organization & administration MeSH
- Inpatients statistics & numerical data MeSH
- Intensive Care Units organization & administration trends MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases diagnosis therapy MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Health Services for the Aged * organization & administration MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Aged MeSH
