Background and Aims: The pathogenesis and risk factors for early postoperative endoscopic recurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to identify whether histological inflammation at the resection margins after an ileocaecal resection influences endoscopic recurrence. Methods: We have prospectively followed up patients with CD who underwent ileocaecal resection at our hospital between January 2012 and January 2018. The specimens were histologically analysed for inflammation at both of the resection margins (ileal and colonic). We evaluated whether histological results of the resection margins are correlated with endoscopic recurrence of CD based on colonoscopy 6 months after ileocaecal resection. Second, we assessed the influence of known risk factors and preoperative therapy on endoscopic recurrence of CD. Results: A total of 107 patients were included in our study. Six months after ileocaecal resection, 23 patients (21.5%) had an endoscopic recurrence of CD. The histological signs of CD at the resection margins were associated with a higher endoscopic recurrence (56.5% versus 4.8%, p < 0.001). Disease duration from dia­gnosis to surgery (p = 0.006) and the length of the resected bowel (p = 0.019) were significantly longer in patients with endoscopic recurrence. Smoking was also proved to be a risk factor for endoscopic recurrence (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Histological inflammation at the resection margins was significantly associated with a higher risk of early postoperative endoscopic recurrence after an ileocaecal resection for CD.

• MeSH
• Anastomosis, Surgical MeSH
• Surgical Wound * immunology   MeSH
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures * methods   adverse effects   MeSH
• Crohn Disease * surgery   diagnosis   epidemiology   immunology   MeSH
• Endoscopy, Digestive System methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Ileocecal Valve surgery   pathology   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Follow-Up Studies MeSH
• Postoperative Complications surgery   diagnosis   MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The pathogenesis and risk factors for early postoperative endoscopic recurrence of Crohn's disease [CD] remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to identify whether histological inflammation at the resection margins after an ileocaecal resection influences endoscopic recurrence. METHODS: We have prospectively followed up patients with CD who underwent ileocaecal resection at our hospital between January 2012 and January 2018. The specimens were histologically analysed for inflammation at both of the resection margins [ileal and colonic]. We evaluated whether histological results of the resection margins are correlated with endoscopic recurrence of CD based on colonoscopy 6 months after ileocaecal resection. Second, we assessed the influence of known risk factors and preoperative therapy on endoscopic recurrence of CD. RESULTS: A total of 107 patients were included in our study. Six months after ileocaecal resection, 23 patients [21.5%] had an endoscopic recurrence of CD. The histological signs of CD at the resection margins were associated with a higher endoscopic recurrence [56.5% versus 4.8%, p < 0.001]. Disease duration from diagnosis to surgery [p = 0.006] and the length of the resected bowel [p = 0.019] were significantly longer in patients with endoscopic recurrence. Smoking was also proved to be a risk factor for endoscopic recurrence [p = 0.028]. CONCLUSIONS: Histological inflammation at the resection margins was significantly associated with a higher risk of early postoperative endoscopic recurrence after an ileocaecal resection for CD.

• MeSH
• Anastomosis, Surgical adverse effects   MeSH
• Surgical Wound immunology   MeSH
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures adverse effects   methods   MeSH
• Crohn Disease * diagnosis   epidemiology   immunology   surgery   MeSH
• Dissection MeSH
• Endoscopy, Digestive System * methods   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Ileocecal Valve pathology   surgery   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Follow-Up Studies MeSH
• Postoperative Complications * diagnostic imaging   immunology   pathology   MeSH
• Recurrence MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Inflammation pathology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Geographicals
• Czech Republic MeSH

• MeSH
• Digestive System Surgical Procedures methods   statistics & numerical data   utilization   MeSH
• Endoscopy, Digestive System statistics & numerical data   utilization   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Intestinal Polyps surgery   complications   MeSH
• Postoperative Complications etiology   MeSH
• Precancerous Conditions surgery   complications   therapy   MeSH
• Intestinal Neoplasms etiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• MeSH
• Choledocholithiasis surgery   MeSH
• Endoscopy, Digestive System statistics & numerical data   utilization   MeSH
• Enterostomy MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Bile Duct Diseases surgery   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Evaluation Study MeSH

• MeSH
• Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde methods   instrumentation   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Endoscopy, Digestive System methods   instrumentation   statistics & numerical data   MeSH
• Inflammatory Bowel Diseases diagnostic imaging   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Cholangitis, Sclerosing * diagnostic imaging   epidemiology   therapy   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH