OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the viscoelastic properties of dentine and resin-based dental materials by bulk compressive test and the Burgers model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sound dentine, three resin composites as well as a resin-based cement were prepared into cylindrical specimens (n = 8). A bulk compressive creep test was applied with a constant load of 300 N (23.9 MPa) for 2 h, followed by another 2 h recovery. The maximum strain, creep stain, percentage of recovery and permanent set was measured using a linear variable displacement transducer. The viscoelastic properties were characterized via the Burgers model, and the instantaneous elastic, viscous as well as elastic delayed deformation were separated from the total strain. Data were analysed via ANOVA (or Welch's Test) and Tukey (or Games-Howell Test) with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: Sound dentine presented the lowest maximum strain, creep strain, permanent set and the highest percentage of recovery, followed by 3 resin composites with comparable parameters, while the cement showed a significantly higher maximum strain, permanent set and lower percentage of recovery (p < 0.001). The Burgers model presented acceptable fits for characterization viscoelastic processes of both dentine and resin-based dental materials. Viscous and elastic delayed strain of dentine was significantly lower than those for tested materials (p < 0.001) with the highest instantaneous elastic strain percentage. Similar viscous and delayed strain was found among the 4 resin-based materials (p > 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE: Sound dentine exhibited superior creep stability compared to resin-based dental materials. The viscous deformation in sound dentine could be ignored when loading parallel to dentine tubules.

• MeSH
• analýza zatížení zubů MeSH
• dentin MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• pružnost MeSH
• složené pryskyřice * MeSH
• testování materiálů MeSH
• zubní materiály * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Pancreatic microcirculatory dysfunction emerged as a novel mechanism in the development of hypertension. However, the changes of pancreatic microcirculation profiles in hypertension remain unknown. Pancreatic microcirculatory blood distribution pattern and microvascular vasomotion of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) were determined by laser Doppler. Wavelet transform analysis was performed to convert micro-hemodynamic signals into time-frequency domains, based on which amplitude spectral scalograms were constructed. The amplitudes of characteristic oscillators were compared between SHRs and WKYs. The expression of eNOS was determined by immunohistochemistry, and plasma nitrite/nitrate levels were measured by Griess reaction. Additionally, endothelin-1, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and interleukin-6 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. SHRs exhibited a lower scale blood distribution pattern with decreased average blood perfusion, frequency and amplitude. Wavelet transform spectral analysis revealed significantly reduced amplitudes of endothelial oscillators. Besides reduced expression of eNOS, the blood microcirculatory chemistry complements micro-hemodynamic profiles as demonstrated by an increase in plasma nitrite/nitrate, endothelin-1, malondialdehyde, interleukin-6 and a decrease of superoxide dismutase in SHRs. Here, we described abnormal pancreatic microcirculation profiles in SHRs, including disarranged blood distribution pattern, impaired microvascular vasomotion and reduced amplitudes of endothelial oscillators.

• MeSH
• endotelin-1 metabolismus   MeSH
• hypertenze patofyziologie   MeSH
• krevní tlak fyziologie   MeSH
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• laser doppler flowmetrie metody   MeSH
• mikrocirkulace MeSH
• modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
• oxid dusnatý metabolismus   MeSH
• pankreas krevní zásobení   patofyziologie   MeSH
• potkani inbrední SHR MeSH
• potkani inbrední WKY MeSH
• vlnková analýza MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• krysa rodu rattus MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH

Screening and identification of protective antigens are essential for the prevention of infections with Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908). In our previous study, T. gondii ribosomal-ubiquitin protein L40 (TgRPL40) was identified as a circulating antigen. However, the function and protective value of TgRPL40 was unknown. In the current study, recombinant TgRPL40 was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 and antibody was prepared. Western blotting analysis indicated that TgRPL40 was present in circulating antigens and excretory/secretary antigens (ESA). Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy analysis revealed that TgRPL40 protein is widely distributed in the tachyzoites. Immunisation with recombinant TgRPL40 prolonged the survival of mice infected with tachyzoites. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that immunisation with recombinant TgRPL40 reduced the parasite burden in blood, liver, spleen and brain of mice infected with tachyzoites. These observations indicate that TgRPL40 is a circulating antigen and is an effector of immune protection against acute T. gondii infection.

• MeSH
• antigeny protozoální aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• faktory virulence aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• imunizace * MeSH
• myši inbrední ICR MeSH
• myši MeSH
• protozoální proteiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• rekombinantní proteiny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• syntetické vakcíny aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Toxoplasma imunologie   MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Check Tag
• myši MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• zvířata MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

BACKGROUND: Changes in the methylation status of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-associated genes could significantly alter levels of gene expression, thereby contributing to disease onset and progression. We previously identified seven disease-associated DNA methylation loci from intestinal tissues of IBD patients using the Illumina GoldenGate BeadArray assay. AIMS: In this study, we extended this approach to identify IBD-associated changes in DNA methylation in B cells from 18 IBD patients [9 Crohn's disease (CD) and 9 ulcerative colitis (UC)]. B cell DNA methylation markers are particularly favorable for diagnosis due to the convenient access to peripheral blood. METHODS: We examined DNA methylation profiles of B cell lines using the Illumina GoldenGate BeadArray assay. Disease-associated CpGs/genes with changes in DNA methylation were identified by comparison of methylation profiles between B cell lines from IBD patients and their siblings without IBD. BeadArray data were validated using a bisulfite polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method. To verify that observed changes in DNA methylation were not due to virus transformation, we compared specific CpG DNA methylation levels of GADD45A and POMC between B cell lines and matching peripheral blood B lymphocytes from five individuals. RESULTS: Using this approach with strict statistical analysis, we identified 11 IBD-associated CpG sites, 14 CD-specific CpG sites, and 24 UC-specific CpG sites with methylation changes in B cells. CONCLUSIONS: IBD- and subtype-specific changes in DNA methylation were identified in B cells from IBD patients. Many of these genes have important immune and inflammatory response functions including several loci within the interleukin (IL)-12/IL-23 pathway.

• MeSH
• B-lymfocyty fyziologie   MeSH
• buněčné linie MeSH
• Crohnova nemoc metabolismus   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• interleukin-2 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• interleukin-23 - podjednotka p19 genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metylace DNA fyziologie   MeSH
• regulace genové exprese fyziologie   MeSH
• ulcerózní kolitida metabolismus   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Apple replant disease (ARD) is a significant factor restricting the healthy development of the apple industry. Biological control is an important and sustainable method for mitigating ARD. In this study, a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa GRY-11 was isolated and screened from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in old apple orchards in Shandong Province, China, and the effects of strain GRY-11 on soil microbial community and ARD were studied. The result showed that P. polymyxa GRY-11 could effectively inhibit the growth of the main pathogenic fungi that caused ARD, and the inhibition rates of the strain against Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum were 80.00%, 71.60%, 75.00%, and 70.00%, respectively. In addition, the fermentation supernatant played an active role in suppressing the growth of pathogenic fungi. The results of the pot experiment showed that the bacterial fertilizer of the GRY-11 promoted the growth of Malus hupehensis seedlings, improved the activity of protective enzymes in plant roots, enhanced the soil enzyme content, and optimized the soil microbial environment. In general, the GRY-11 can be used as an effective microbial preparation to alleviate ARD. Our study offers novel perspectives for the prevention of ARD.

• MeSH
• antibióza MeSH
• biologická kontrola škůdců * MeSH
• biologická ochrana * MeSH
• Fusarium růst a vývoj   MeSH
• houby růst a vývoj   MeSH
• kořeny rostlin mikrobiologie   MeSH
• Malus * mikrobiologie   růst a vývoj   MeSH
• nemoci rostlin * mikrobiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• Paenibacillus polymyxa * izolace a purifikace   fyziologie   genetika   klasifikace   MeSH
• půdní mikrobiologie MeSH
• rhizosféra MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

Stalk lodging, which is generally determined by stalk strength, results in considerable yield loss and has become a primary threat to maize (Zea mays) yield under high-density planting. However, the molecular genetic basis of maize stalk strength remains unclear, and improvement methods remain inefficient. Here, we combined map-based cloning and association mapping and identified the gene stiff1 underlying a major quantitative trait locus for stalk strength in maize. A 27.2-kb transposable element insertion was present in the promoter of the stiff1 gene, which encodes an F-box domain protein. This transposable element insertion repressed the transcription of stiff1, leading to the increased cellulose and lignin contents in the cell wall and consequently greater stalk strength. Furthermore, a precisely edited allele of stiff1 generated through the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in plants with a stronger stalk than the unedited control. Nucleotide diversity analysis revealed that the promoter of stiff1 was under strong selection in the maize stiff-stalk group. Our cloning of stiff1 reveals a case in which a transposable element played an important role in maize improvement. The identification of stiff1 and our edited stiff1 allele pave the way for efficient improvement of maize stalk strength.

• MeSH
• alely MeSH
• buněčná stěna metabolismus   MeSH
• CRISPR-Cas systémy MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• kukuřice setá genetika   MeSH
• lignin metabolismus   MeSH
• lokus kvantitativního znaku MeSH
• mapování chromozomů MeSH
• promotorové oblasti (genetika) * MeSH
• rostlinné geny MeSH
• rostlinné proteiny genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• sekvenční analýza MeSH
• transformace genetická MeSH
• transpozibilní elementy DNA genetika   MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

Léčba T-lymfocyty modifikovanými chimérickým antigenním receptorem (CART) je pro pacienty s relabující/refrakterní B-buněčnou akutní lymfoblastickou leukemií (r/r B-ALL) účinná a bezpečná, ale s ohledem na dlouhodobé přežívání bez leukemie je její význam omezený. Je tudíž potřeba mít k dispozici nové postupy, které podpoří dlouhodobou účinnost terapie CART. Tato nerandomizovaná, intervenční, pragmatická studie měla specifický cíl. Prozkoumali jsme, zda může konsolidační alogenní transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk (allo-HSCT – allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation) zlepšit dlouhodobou prognózu pacientů dosáhnuvších kompletní remise s negativitou minimální reziduální nemoci (MRD− CR – minimal residual disease-negative complete remission) po léčbě CART. V prvním stadiu dostalo 58 pacientů s r/r B-ALL po lymfodepleční chemoterapii CAR T-lymfocyty v samostatných dávkách a 51 (87,9 %) z nich dosáhlo CR. Ve druhém stadiu dostalo 21/47 pacientů s MRD− CR bez předchozí allo-HSCT a bez kontraindikací či dalších omezení do 3 měsíců po léčbě CART na základě jejich souhlasu konsolidační allo-HSCT. U pacientů s MRD− CR nebyl mezi těmi, jimž byla provedena allo-HSCT, a těmi bez allo-HSCT žádný rozdíl v celkovém přežívání (OS – overall survival). Avšak přežívání bez příznaku zhoršení nemoci (EFS – event-free survival) a přežívání bez relapsu (RFS – relapse-free survival) se v podskupinách s allo-HSCT signifikantně prodloužila. Týkalo se to pacientů buď s vysokou (≥ 5 %) MRD v kostní dřeni před infuzí stanovenou průtokovou cytometrií (BM-FCM-MRD – bone marrow-fl ow cytometry-minimal residual disease), nebo s nepříznivými prognostickými markery (P < 0,05). U pacientů s BM-FCM-MRD < 5 % a bez nepříznivých prognostických markerů (P > 0,05) však nebyl v EFS a RFS zaznamenán žádný rozdíl. Lze uzavřít, že přemosťující terapie CART před allo-HSCT je pro pacienty s r/r B-ALL bezpečnou a účinnou léčebnou strategií, která může prodloužit EFS a RFS, zejména pokud mají před infuzí vysokou BM-FCM-MRD nebo nepříznivé prognostické markery.

• MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• antigeny CD19 MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homologní transplantace metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• imunoterapie adoptivní * metody   škodlivé účinky   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lymfocytární deplece metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• pre-B-buněčná leukemie * imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• příprava pacienta k transplantaci metody   MeSH
• reziduální nádor imunologie   terapie   MeSH
• statistika jako téma MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• transplantace periferních kmenových buněk metody   statistika a číselné údaje   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• Publikační typ
• pragmatická klinická studie MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationships of prenatal and childhood smoke exposure with specific neurodevelopmental and behavioral problems during early childhood. STUDY DESIGN: A subsample (n = 386) of mother-child dyads from the Newborn Epigenetic Study (NEST) prebirth cohort participated in the study. Cotinine concentrations were used to objectively measure prenatal and childhood smoke exposure when youth were aged 3-13 years. Multivariable regression models were used to estimate associations of prenatal and childhood cotinine concentrations with performance on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Toolbox and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and behavioral symptoms, measured using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, 2nd edition (BASC-2). RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, childhood cotinine concentrations were associated with poorer cognitive performance on tasks measuring cognitive flexibility (B = -1.29; P = .03), episodic memory (B = -0.97; P = .02), receptive language development (B = -0.58; P = .01), and inhibitory control and attention (B = -1.59; P = .006). Although childhood cotinine concentration was associated with higher levels of attention problems (B = 0.83; P = .004) on the BASC-2, after adjustment for confounders, the association is nonsignificant. Although associations for maternal cotinine concentrations were null, an interaction was detected between prenatal and childhood cotinine concentrations on the NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Task (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that childhood tobacco smoke exposure may lead to poorer attention regulation and language acquisition, complex visual processing ability, and attention problems.

• MeSH
• hyperkinetická porucha * etiologie   MeSH
• kognice MeSH
• kotinin MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• znečištění tabákovým kouřem * škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice * MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• novorozenec MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• těhotenství MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH
• Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. MeSH

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Affecting more than 40% of the world's population, Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. While previous clinical trials indicated that eradication of H. pylori could reduce gastric cancer risk, this remains to be shown using a population-based approach. We conducted a community-based, cluster-randomized, controlled, superiority intervention trial in Linqu County, China, with individuals who tested positive for H. pylori using a 13C-urea breath test randomly assigned to receiving either (1) a 10-day, quadruple anti-H. pylori treatment (comprising 20 mg of omeprazole, 750 mg of tetracycline, 400 mg of metronidazole and 300 mg of bismuth citrate) or (2) symptom alleviation treatment with a single daily dosage of omeprazole and bismuth citrate. H. pylori-negative individuals did not receive any treatment. We examined the incidence of gastric cancer as the primary outcome. A total of 180,284 eligible participants from 980 villages were enrolled over 11.8 years of follow-up, and a total of 1,035 cases of incident gastric cancer were documented. Individuals receiving anti-H. pylori therapy showed a modest reduction in gastric cancer incidence in intention-to-treat analyses (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.74-0.99), with a stronger effect observed for those having successful H. pylori eradication (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.69-0.96) than for those who failed treatment. Moderate adverse effects were reported in 1,345 participants during the 10-day treatment. We observed no severe intolerable adverse events during either treatment or follow-up. The findings suggest the potential for H. pylori mass screening and eradication as a public health policy for gastric cancer prevention. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR-TRC-10000979 .

• MeSH
• antibakteriální látky terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori * účinky léků   MeSH
• infekce vyvolané Helicobacter pylori * farmakoterapie   epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• metronidazol terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• nádory žaludku * prevence a kontrola   epidemiologie   mikrobiologie   MeSH
• omeprazol * terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• organokovové sloučeniny terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• tetracyklin terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Čína MeSH

• MeSH
• aplikace orální MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• chinazoliny * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• cisplatina * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• erbB receptory * antagonisté a inhibitory   genetika   metabolismus   MeSH
• fenotyp MeSH
• genetická predispozice k nemoci MeSH
• glutamáty * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• guanin * analogy a deriváty   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas * aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• intravenózní infuze MeSH
• Kaplanův-Meierův odhad MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• nádorové biomarkery * genetika   MeSH
• nádory plic * enzymologie   farmakoterapie   genetika   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• nemalobuněčný karcinom plic * enzymologie   farmakoterapie   genetika   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• pemetrexed MeSH
• přežití bez známek nemoci MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• proporcionální rizikové modely MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• protokoly protinádorové kombinované chemoterapie * škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• randomizované kontrolované studie jako téma MeSH
• rozvrh dávkování léků MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Asie MeSH
• Evropa MeSH