BACKGROUND: Bismuth quadruple therapies (BQTs) including bismuth, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) and two antibiotics have been shown to be highly effective for treating Helicobacter pylori infection even in areas of high bacterial antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE: To describe the time trends of use, effectiveness and safety of BQT in Europe using the European Registry on Helicobacter pylori Management (Hp-EuReg). DESIGN: Patients registered in the Hp-EuReg from 2013 to 2021 who had received BQT were included. The regimens prescribed, the number of eradication attempts, effectiveness, adherence and safety were analysed. The effectiveness was assessed by modified intention to treat (mITT). Time-trend and multivariate analyses were performed to determine variables that predicted treatment success. RESULTS: Of the 49 690 patients included in the Hp-EuReg, 15 582 (31%) had received BQT. BQT use increased from 8.6% of all treatments in 2013 to 39% in 2021. Single-capsule BQT-containing bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline-plus a PPI (single-capsule BQT, ScBQT) was the most frequent treatment mode (43%). Schemes that obtained an effectiveness above 90% were the 10-day ScBQT and 14-day BQT using tetracycline plus metronidazole, or amoxicillin plus either clarithromycin or metronidazole. Only ScBQT achieved above 90% cure rates in all the geographical areas studied. Using the ScBQT scheme, adherence, the use of standard or high-dose PPIs, 14-day prescriptions and the use of BQT as first-line treatment were significantly associated with higher mITT effectiveness. CONCLUSION: The use of BQT increased notably in Europe over the study period. A 10-day ScBQT was the scheme that most consistently achieved optimal effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02328131.

• MeSH
• Amoxicillin therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents * therapeutic use   adverse effects   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Bismuth * therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori * drug effects   MeSH
• Helicobacter Infections * drug therapy   MeSH
• Proton Pump Inhibitors * therapeutic use   administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Clarithromycin therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Drug Therapy, Combination * MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metronidazole therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Registries * MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Tetracycline therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Treatment Outcome MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Observational Study MeSH
• Geographicals
• Europe MeSH

Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in China. Affecting more than 40% of the world's population, Helicobacter pylori is a major risk factor for gastric cancer. While previous clinical trials indicated that eradication of H. pylori could reduce gastric cancer risk, this remains to be shown using a population-based approach. We conducted a community-based, cluster-randomized, controlled, superiority intervention trial in Linqu County, China, with individuals who tested positive for H. pylori using a 13C-urea breath test randomly assigned to receiving either (1) a 10-day, quadruple anti-H. pylori treatment (comprising 20 mg of omeprazole, 750 mg of tetracycline, 400 mg of metronidazole and 300 mg of bismuth citrate) or (2) symptom alleviation treatment with a single daily dosage of omeprazole and bismuth citrate. H. pylori-negative individuals did not receive any treatment. We examined the incidence of gastric cancer as the primary outcome. A total of 180,284 eligible participants from 980 villages were enrolled over 11.8 years of follow-up, and a total of 1,035 cases of incident gastric cancer were documented. Individuals receiving anti-H. pylori therapy showed a modest reduction in gastric cancer incidence in intention-to-treat analyses (hazard ratio 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.74-0.99), with a stronger effect observed for those having successful H. pylori eradication (hazard ratio 0.81, 95% confidence interval 0.69-0.96) than for those who failed treatment. Moderate adverse effects were reported in 1,345 participants during the 10-day treatment. We observed no severe intolerable adverse events during either treatment or follow-up. The findings suggest the potential for H. pylori mass screening and eradication as a public health policy for gastric cancer prevention. Chinese Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR-TRC-10000979 .

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Helicobacter pylori * drug effects   MeSH
• Helicobacter Infections * drug therapy   epidemiology   microbiology   MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metronidazole therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Stomach Neoplasms * prevention & control   epidemiology   microbiology   MeSH
• Omeprazole * therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Organometallic Compounds therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Tetracycline therapeutic use   administration & dosage   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Middle Aged MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Randomized Controlled Trial MeSH
• Geographicals
• China MeSH

Periorálna dermatitída je relatívne časté zápalové ochorenie kože, ktoré je charakterizované tvorbou papul, papulopustul či papulovezikul na erytematóznej spodine. Typicky postihuje oblasť okolo úst, ale vyskytuje sa i periorbitálne a perinazálne. Vyššia incidencia je zaznamenaná u žien a prepubertálních detí s atopickou dispozíciou. medzi najčastejšie spúšťacie mechanizmy periorálnej dermatitídy patrí nadužívanie topických kortikoidov, u predisponovaných jedincov nesprávny výber používanej dermokozmetiky. Periorálna dermatitída je síce vyliečiteľná, ale riziko rekurencie zostáva u pacienta celoživotne zvýšené. Pre zahojenie periorálnej dermatitídy je potrebné odstránenie vyvolávajúcich faktorov a lokálna liečba. Systémová liečba je užívaná iba výnimočne v závažných prípadoch. Neoddeliteľnou súčasťou liečby tejto tvárovej dermatózy sú dlhodobé režimové opatrenia.

Perioral dermatitis is a relatively common inflammatory skin disease characterized by the formation of papules, papulopustules or papulovesicles on the erythematous base. It typically affects the area around the mouth, but also occurs periorbital and perinasal. A higher incidence is seen in women and prepubertal children with atopic predisposition. The most common triggers of perioral dermatitis include overuse of topical corticosteroids and poor selection of dermocosmetics in predisposed individuals. Alt-hough perioral dermatitis is curable, the patient's risk of recurrence remains lifelong. Removal of inducing factors and local treatment are required for the healing of perioral dermatitis. Systemic treatment is used only exceptionally in severe cases. Long-term regimens are an integral part of the treatment of this facial dermatosis.

• MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Immunologic Factors therapeutic use   MeSH
• Isotretinoin therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Dermatitis, Perioral * diagnosis   etiology   drug therapy   therapy   MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH

Rosacea je běžné, chronické, recidivující, zánětlivé kožní onemocnění s různými klinickými subtypy a stupni závažnosti. Dle výboru Národní společnosti odborníků pro rosaceu a její klasifikaci rozlišujeme od roku 2002 čtyři subtypy rosacey. Jednotlivé subtypy mohou v sebe přecházet. Vzácně se vyskytuje rosacea u dětí a granulomátózní rosacea v dospělosti. Lymfedematózní rosacea, perzistující solidní obličejový edém – morbus Morbihan se řadí do skupiny zvláštních forem rosacey. V patofyziologii nemoci se vyskytuje značný počet faktorů, mezi kterými je obtížné najít vzájemné časové a kauzální souvislosti. Proto není znám jeden patogyziologický model vzniku a průběhu rosacey. Gen pro rosaceu nebyl dosud určen, familiární výskyt je přibližně 15%. Etiologicky se uplatňují změny vrozené imunity. Typická je pro rosaceu souběžnost cévních a tkáňových zánětlivých projevů v kůži i oční tkáni. Součástí léčby je poučení pacienta o správné dermato-kosmetice, o možných rizikových faktorech, nutnosti fotoprotekce. Lokální léčba rosacey (ivermectin 1% krém, metronidazol, antibiotika, kyselinu azealovou, benzoylperoxid, síra, isotretionin), celková léčba (tetracyklinová antibiotika, metronidazol, makrolidy, isotretionin). Správná léčba je zcela individuální a žádná nevede k úplnému vyléčení, ale výraznému zvýšení kvality života pacienta. Psychosomatický přístup k nemocnému je součástí léčby.

Rosacea is a common, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin condition consisting of various subtypes and degrees of severity. In 2002, rosacea was classified and standardized by the National Rosacea Society Expert Committee into 4 recognized subtypes, although these patterns often overlap in clinical practice. There are rarer pediatric and granulomatous presentations. Uncommon skin condition is persistent edema of rosacea. Several theories regarding the etiology of rosacea exist: a genetic component, but a rosacea gene has not been detected yet; an altered innate immune response; the presence of characteristic facial or ocular inflammation involving both the vascular and tissue stroma. Patient education regarding trigger avoidance and skin care techniques such as moisturizing and sun protection are important non-pharmacologic first steps in treating rosacea. The treatment of rosacea including several topical drugs (ivermectin, metronidazole, antibiotics, azelaic acid, benzoyl peroxide, sulfacetamide/sulfur, retinoids) and oral ones (mainly tetracyclines, metronidazole, macrolides, isotretinoin). The ideal medication choice dependent on the symptoms and severity of each individual patient. None of these therapies are completely curative. Rosacea profound effects on a person's psychological well-being. Therefore, treating rosacea can greatly affect a person's quality of life. Clinician understanding and patient education are essential for compliance and successful treatment, with psychosomatic approach.

• Keywords
• granulomatózní rosacea, lymfadematózní rosacea,
• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Antipsychotic Agents administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Benzoyl Peroxide administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Diagnosis, Differential MeSH
• Isotretinoin administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Ivermectin adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Disease Attributes * MeSH
• Cosmetics administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Skin Diseases diagnosis   etiology   classification   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Macrolides administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Metronidazole administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Interdisciplinary Communication * MeSH
• Risk Factors MeSH
• Rosacea * diagnosis   etiology   classification   MeSH
• Sulfur therapeutic use   MeSH
• Sunlight adverse effects   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

• Keywords
• Mirvaso gel, Soolantra,
• MeSH
• Administration, Cutaneous MeSH
• Brimonidine Tartrate * administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Isotretinoin administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Ivermectin * administration & dosage   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Metronidazole therapeutic use   MeSH
• Off-Label Use MeSH
• Skin Care MeSH
• Rosacea * etiology   drug therapy   physiopathology   MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH

Od roku 2014 narůstá v Evropě počet migrantů z oblastí endemického výskytu epidemického návratného tyfu. ECDC publikovalo 24.7.2015 dokument o vyhodnocení možných rizik přenosu tohoto onemocnění pro EU. V předkládaném článku jsou uvedeny základní informace a doporučení k prevenci a kontrole onemocnění.

An increase of migrants from potentially louse-borne relapsing fever (LBRF) endemic areas has been observed in the EU since 2014. The ECDC published a rapid risk assesment on this disese on 24 July 2015. LBRF background information and recommendations for the prevention and control of the disease are presented in this article.

• MeSH
• Emigration and Immigration MeSH
• Hygiene MeSH
• Borrelia Infections * epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Communicable Disease Control MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Relapsing Fever * epidemiology   prevention & control   MeSH
• Communicable Diseases, Emerging complications   MeSH
• Tetracycline * administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne * drug therapy   MeSH
• Universal Precautions MeSH
• Sanitary Engineering MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Publication type
• News MeSH

The bubonic plague or black plague is a zoonosis, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, which quickly infects a great number of people, being able to decimate entire populations. This characteristic has turned plague into a dangerous biological warfare agent since the 16th century. Nowadays, the cure for plague is available; however the possibility of genetic engineering of Y. pestis strains could lead to the resurgence of this disease as a worldwide health problem of extreme gravity. In this work we have made a short resume and discussion on plague to provide readers with some information on its historical and clinical aspects, the currently used therapy and the potential of plague being used as a biological warfare agent nowadays.

• Keywords
• prontosil, Evropská historie,
• MeSH
• Drug Resistance, Bacterial MeSH
• Biological Warfare * MeSH
• Chloramphenicol administration & dosage   pharmacology   contraindications   adverse effects   therapeutic use   toxicity   MeSH
• Doxycycline administration & dosage   pharmacology   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Epidemics MeSH
• Drug Therapy * MeSH
• Gentamicins administration & dosage   pharmacology   adverse effects   therapeutic use   toxicity   MeSH
• Clinical Trials as Topic MeSH
• Breast Feeding MeSH
• Horses MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Plague * history   diagnosis   etiology   drug therapy   mortality   transmission   MeSH
• Oxytetracycline administration & dosage   pharmacology   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Rats, Gunn MeSH
• Drug Evaluation, Preclinical MeSH
• Signs and Symptoms MeSH
• Streptomycin administration & dosage   history   pharmacology   adverse effects   therapeutic use   toxicity   MeSH
• Sulfonamides administration & dosage   pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   pharmacology   adverse effects   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Plague Vaccine administration & dosage   history   pharmacology   therapeutic use   MeSH
• Yersinia pestis pathogenicity   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Humans MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Pregnancy MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Review MeSH
• Geographicals
• Brazil MeSH

BACKGROUND: In this study, we characterised the microbiota present in the faeces of 15- and 46-week-old egg laying hens before and after tetracycline or streptomycin therapy. In the first experiment, the layers were subjected to 7 days of therapy. In the second experiment, the hens were subjected to two days of therapy, which was repeated for an additional two days after 12 days of antibiotic withdrawal. This enabled us to characterise dynamics of the changes after antibiotic administration and withdrawal, and to identify genera repeatedly resistant to tetracycline and streptomycin. RESULTS: Real-time PCRs specific for Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Clostridiales and Bifidobacteriales showed that changes in the microbiota in response to antibiotic therapy and antibiotic withdrawal were quite rapid and could be observed within 24 hours after the change in therapy status. Pyrosequencing of PCR amplified V3/V4 variable regions of 16S rRNA genes showed that representatives of the orders Clostridiales, Lactobacillales, Bacteroidales, Bifidobacteriales, Enterobacteriales, Erysipelotrichales, Coriobacteriales, Desulfovibrionales, Burkholderiales, Campylobacterales and Actinomycetales were detected in the faeces of hens prior to the antibiotic therapy. Tetracycline and streptomycin therapies decreased the prevalence of Bifidobacteriales, Bacteroidales, Clostridiales, Desulfovibrionales, Burkholderiales and Campylobacterales in faecal samples in both experiments. On the other hand, Enterobacteriales and Lactobacillales always increased in prevalence in response to both therapies. Within the latter two orders, Escherichia and Enterococcus were the genera prevalence of which increased after all the antibiotic treatments. CONCLUSIONS: The changes in microbiota composition induced by the antibiotic therapy were rapid and quite dramatic and only representatives of the genera Enterococcus and Escherichia increased in response to the therapy with both antibiotics in both experiments.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Bifidobacterium drug effects   MeSH
• Clostridium drug effects   MeSH
• Enterobacteriaceae drug effects   MeSH
• Feces microbiology   MeSH
• Chickens microbiology   MeSH
• Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary   MeSH
• Lactobacillales drug effects   MeSH
• Metagenome drug effects   MeSH
• Streptomycin administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   pharmacology   MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Female MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

Tetracycline and doxycycline are commonly used antibiotics in acne treatment during puberty in humans. The long-term effect of these antibiotics on male reproductive tract development has not been fully elucidated. For this reason we tested the effect of antibiotics on the reproductive parameters of mice males during puberty with the therapeutic dose used in humans, and with lower and higher doses. The outbred mouse strain CD1 with higher heterozygosity was exposed for 14 days at puberty. Adult males at the age of 70 days were used for the measurements. We observed a significant decrease in anogenital distance and thickness of the seminiferous epithelium in the treated animals. Pathological changes in the testes had an impact on sperm quality; a higher number of sperm positively stained with Annexin V and TUNEL and a lower number of acrosome-intact sperm was detected. In conclusion, the treatment of male mice with antibiotics in puberty led to long-lasting effects on reproductive organs and spermatozoa in adult males.

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Apoptosis drug effects   MeSH
• Doxycycline administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Animals, Outbred Strains MeSH
• Flow Cytometry MeSH
• Spermatozoa drug effects   pathology   MeSH
• Aging drug effects   pathology   MeSH
• Body Weight drug effects   MeSH
• Testis drug effects   growth & development   pathology   MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   adverse effects   MeSH
• Organ Size drug effects   MeSH
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Male MeSH
• Mice MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH

• MeSH
• Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use   MeSH
• Bioterrorism prevention & control   MeSH
• Coxiella burnetii isolation & purification   pathogenicity   drug effects   MeSH
• Communicable Diseases drug therapy   complications   mortality   MeSH
• Q Fever diagnosis   epidemiology   etiology   MeSH
• Tetracycline administration & dosage   therapeutic use   MeSH