• MeSH
• Afferent Pathways physiology   MeSH
• Cats MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex physiology   MeSH
• Brain Stem physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Cats MeSH

• MeSH
• Evoked Potentials MeSH
• Cats MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex MeSH
• Brain Stem MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Sound MeSH
• Check Tag
• Cats MeSH
• Animals MeSH

• MeSH
• Congresses as Topic MeSH
• Hearing Disorders MeSH
• Auditory Cortex physiopathology   physiology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Collected Work MeSH
• Geographicals
• Portugal MeSH

• Conspectus
• Patologie. Klinická medicína
• NML Fields
• otorinolaryngologie
• neurovědy

• MeSH
• Convulsants MeSH
• Dogs MeSH
• Check Tag
• Dogs MeSH

• MeSH
• Behavior MeSH
• Evoked Potentials MeSH
• Cats MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex physiology   MeSH
• Check Tag
• Cats MeSH

We performed a systematic study to check whether neurons in the area TE (the anterior part of inferotemporal cortex) in rhesus monkey, regarded as the last stage of the ventral visual pathway, could be modulated by auditory stimuli. Two fixating rhesus monkeys were presented with visual, auditory or combined audiovisual stimuli while neuronal responses were recorded. We have found that the visually sensitive neurons are also modulated by audiovisual stimuli. This modulation is manifested as the change of response rate. Our results have shown also that the visual neurons were responsive to the sole auditory stimuli. Therefore, the concept of inferotemporal cortex unimodality in information processing should be re-evaluated.

• MeSH
• Acoustic Stimulation methods   utilization   MeSH
• Animal Experimentation MeSH
• Financing, Organized MeSH
• Haplorhini MeSH
• Electrodes, Implanted utilization   MeSH
• Macaca mulatta MeSH
• Meta-Analysis as Topic MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex anatomy & histology   physiology   MeSH
• Neurons physiology   MeSH
• Evoked Potentials, Auditory physiology   MeSH
• Auditory Cortex anatomy & histology   physiology   MeSH
• Statistics as Topic MeSH
• Photic Stimulation methods   MeSH

• MeSH
• Auditory Cortex physiology   MeSH
• Publication type
• Congress MeSH

• Conspectus
• Lékařské vědy. Lékařství
• NML Fields
• otorinolaryngologie
• fyziologie

• MeSH
• Evoked Potentials MeSH
• Rats MeSH
• Tectum Mesencephali MeSH
• Animals MeSH
• Check Tag
• Rats MeSH
• Animals MeSH

Funkční neuroanatomie sluchového systému je složitější než u systému zrakového. Neuronální reprezenta¬ce sluchových informací neodpovídá čistě fyzikálním vlastnostem zvuku, ale extrakci jejich statistických vlastností a sluchovým objektům. Mapování korových sluchových oblastí AI a A2 dokazuje existenci podo¬blastí, odkud směřují projekce do dalších korových polí. Vzájemně odlišná funkční pole sluchové kůry mapu¬jí frekvenci zvuku, jakož i lokalizaci a pohyb zdroje zvuku. I sluchový systém má, podobně jako systém zra¬kový, funkční podsystémy CO? a KDE?, a kromě toho i podsystém KDY? Stavbu a funkci sluchového systému ovlivňují pohlavní rozdíly. Centrální sluchové poruchy jsou slovní hluchota, sluchová agnózie a korová hluchota.

Functional neuroanatomy of the centrál auditory systém is more complicated than the functional neuroana- tomy of the visual systém. Neuronal and mental representations of the acoustic information are formed by extraction of its statistical properties and by construction of acoustic objects. The mapping of the acoustic cor- tex discovered root, core, belt and parabelt zones and their projections to other cortical areas. The acoustic systems WHAT, WHERE and WHEN are shortly described. Central acoustic disorders are word deafness, acoustic agnosia and cortical deafness.

• MeSH
• Agnosia classification   physiopathology   MeSH
• Sound Localization physiology   MeSH
• Cerebral Cortex anatomy & histology   physiology   MeSH
• Auditory Perceptual Disorders classification   physiopathology   MeSH
• Auditory Pathways physiology   MeSH
• Auditory Perception genetics   MeSH

Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) is caused mainly by the hypofunction of the inner ear, but recent findings point also toward a central component of presbycusis. We used MR morphometry and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with a 3T MR system with the aim to study the state of the central auditory system in a group of elderly subjects (>65years) with mild presbycusis, in a group of elderly subjects with expressed presbycusis and in young controls. Cortical reconstruction, volumetric segmentation and auditory pathway tractography were performed. Three parameters were evaluated by morphometry: the volume of the gray matter, the surface area of the gyrus and the thickness of the cortex. In all experimental groups the surface area and gray matter volume were larger on the left side in Heschl's gyrus and planum temporale and slightly larger in the gyrus frontalis superior, whereas they were larger on the right side in the primary visual cortex. Almost all of the measured parameters were significantly smaller in the elderly subjects in Heschl's gyrus, planum temporale and gyrus frontalis superior. Aging did not change the side asymmetry (laterality) of the gyri. In the central part of the auditory pathway above the inferior colliculus, a trend toward an effect of aging was present in the axial vector of the diffusion (L1) variable of DTI, with increased values observed in elderly subjects. A trend toward a decrease of L1 on the left side, which was more pronounced in the elderly groups, was observed. The effect of hearing loss was present in subjects with expressed presbycusis as a trend toward an increase of the radial vectors (L2L3) in the white matter under Heschl's gyrus. These results suggest that in addition to peripheral changes, changes in the central part of the auditory system in elderly subjects are also present; however, the extent of hearing loss does not play a significant role in the central changes.

• MeSH
• Auditory Diseases, Central pathology   MeSH
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Nerve Fibers, Myelinated pathology   MeSH
• Presbycusis pathology   physiopathology   MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Auditory Pathways pathology   MeSH
• Auditory Cortex pathology   MeSH
• Aging pathology   physiology   MeSH
• Diffusion Tensor Imaging MeSH
• Check Tag
• Adult MeSH
• Humans MeSH
• Young Adult MeSH
• Male MeSH
• Aged MeSH
• Female MeSH
• Publication type
• Journal Article MeSH
• Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH