Úvod a cíl: Plně digitální workflow začíná ovládat naše ordinace. Přesnost a správnost některých intraorálních skenerů je nejenom dostatečná, ale výrazně překonává klasickou technologii otiskování (sádrový model) pro účely malých protetických rekonstrukcí. U velkých rekonstrukcí je ale situace zcela jiná. Cílem tohoto přehledu bylo shrnout současné poznatky o používaných technologiích intraorálních skenerů a měření jejich přesnosti. Dalším cílem bylo zhodnocení pomůcek/přípravků a postupů zpřesňujících intraorální skenování u velkých fixních protetických rekonstrukcí. Metodika: V databázích PubMed/Medline, Scopus a Embase bylo provedeno vyhledávání na základě klíčových slov: „Intraoral scanner“, „CAD/CAM“, „Trueness“, „Precision“, „Optical impression“, „Custom-made measuring device“, „Guided implant scanning“, „Continuous scan strategy“. Výsledky byly omezeny na články publikované v anglickém jazyce v letech 2010–2024. Výsledky: Kritéria pro zařazení do našeho článku splňovalo 37 publikací. Článků popisujících technologie, se kterými pracují dostupné intraorální skenery, bylo velmi málo. Publikací, které se zaměřovaly na zpřesnění intraorálního skenovaní pomocí nových postupů nebo přípravků, bylo 21. Zbylé zahrnuté články se zabývaly srovnáváním přesnosti intraorálních skenerů mezi různými výrobky nebo srovnáním s tradičními výrobními postupy. Většina studií porovnávajících přesnost intraorálních skenerů dříve využívala měření vzdálenosti a úhlové chyby. V novějších studiích převládá metoda překrývání povrchových dat získaných 3D skenery. Pouze jedna studie využívá pyramid replacement method s Prokrustovou analýzou. Závěr: Článků zabývajících se principem intraorálních skenerů je velmi málo a ve stomatologických časopisech jde o raritu. Z analýzy dostupné literatury vyplývá, že možností zpřesnění intraorálního skenu je více. Jedná se zejména o optimalizaci trasy skenování a zapojení jiných přístrojů bez skládací chyby do protetických postupů. Nadějně vypadají zejména extraorální skenery, a hlavně zapojení protetických laboratorních skenerů. Zmenšení deformace intraorálních skenů pomocí různých přípravků pravděpodobně nepřinese požadované zpřesnění.
Introduction and aim: A fully digital workflow is increasingly dominating our surgeries. For small prosthetic reconstructions on teeth or implants, the precision and trueness of certain intraoral scanners are not only sufficient, but significantly better than the conventional technology – dental impression/plaster model. A completely different situation arises with large reconstructions. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the current knowledge on intraoral scanner technologies and their accuracy measurements. Another aim was to evaluate devices and procedures for improving the accuracy of intraoral scans in large fixed prosthetic reconstructions. Methods: The PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Embase databases were searched using the following keywords: “Intraoral scanner”, “CAD/CAM”, “Trueness”, “Precision”, “Optical impression”, “Custom-made measuring device”, “Guided implant scanning”, “Continuous scan strategy”. The results were limited to articles published in the English language between 2010 and 2024. Results: Thirty-seven publications met the inclusion criteria. There are very few articles describing the technology used by currently available intraoral scanners. Twenty-one publications focused on improving the accuracy of intraoral scanning using new procedures or devices. The remainder of the included articles compared the accuracy of intraoral scanners across different products or compared to traditional prosthetic procedures. Most of the older studies comparing the accuracy of intraoral scanners used distance measurements and angular errors. In more recent studies, the method of superimposing surface data obtained by 3D scanners was predominant. Only one study employed the pyramid replacement method with Procrustean analysis. Conclusion: Articles addressing the principles of intraoral scanners are scarce and rarely found in dental journals. An analysis of the available literature shows that there are multiple options to improve the accuracy of intraoral scanning. These strategies primarily involve optimizing the scanning path and incorporating additional devices to avoid merging errors in the prosthetic workflow. Extraoral scanners and the use of prosthetic lab scanners are especially promising. Reducing the merging error of intraoral scans using different devices probably does not have the potential to ensure the required accuracy.
Body odors offer a unique window into the physiological and psychological profile of the emitter. This information, broadcast in nonverbal communication, significantly shapes social interactions. However, effectively digitizing body odors requires a precise framework for perceptual operationalization. Previous research has used a very limited number of verbal terms, such as pleasant, intense, or attractive, which fails to adequately capture qualitative differences. To address this gap, we elicited body odor descriptions from 2,607 participants across 17 countries and 13 languages. All these descriptions are presented here in one dataset, together with a condensed list of 25 body odor words (BOW). Those terms reliably differentiated between body states, and were validated in a separate study with a different group of 155 perceivers. The dataset, available as a web application, provides a novel operationalization of body odor impressions, which is a precondition for studying olfaction in human nonverbal communication, for perception-based digitization of body odors and for comparative studies.
Článok popisuje praktické vyhotovenie strmeňovej hybridnej náhrady v čeľusti s využitím moderných technologických postupov od predbežných otlačkov, cez digitálne vyhotovenie tlačenej verzie skúšky modelu náhrady až po vyhotovenie frézovaného strmeňa s použitím CAD-CAM technológií. Aj napriek zlepšovaniu starostlivosti o zuby dochádza v poslednom období, predovšetkým v dôsledku zvyšovania percentuálneho zastúpenia pacientov seniorského veku, k nárastu počtu pacientov s bezzubou čeľusťou. Možnosť využitia zubných implantátov na rehabilitáciu bezzubej čeľuste je vítanou alternatívou ku konvenčnej snímateľnej zubnej náhrade. Pritom hybridná náhrada pri splnení indikácií predstavuje riešenie obnovy funkcie a estetiky chrupu u bezzubého pacienta s radom výhod nielen oproti klasickej snímateľnej náhrade, ale aj oproti fixnému mostíku - predovšetkým v prípade pokročilej resorpcie, a tým aj nutnosti náhrady väčšieho množstva stratených tkanív. Každoročne dochádza v protetických technológiách k nezastaviteľnému pokroku, ktorý spôsobuje zmenu aj v dlhodobo zaužívaných postupoch vyhotovenia náhrad. Cieľom tohto článku je predstaviť možnosť praktického vyhotovenia hybridnej strmeňovej náhrady podoprenej štyrmi implantátmi v čeľusti s pokročilou resorpciou alveolárneho výbežku.
The article describes the practical fabrication of a hybrid bar-retained denture supported by dental implants in the upper jaw using modern technological procedures. This process includes everything from preliminary impressions, through digital fabrication of a printed version of the test model of the restoration, to fabrication of the milled bar using CAD-CAM techniques. Despite improvements in dental care, the number of edentulous patients is on the rise, mainly due to the increasing number of elderly patients. The possibility of using dental implants to rehabilitate the edentulous jaw is a welcome alternative to conventional removable dentures. When the indications are met, hybrid dentures can be used to restore function and aesthetics in edentulous patients with several advantages not only over conventional removable dentures but also over fixed bridges, especially in the case of advanced resorption when there is a need to replace a greater amount of lost tissue. There are unstoppable advances in prosthetic technology every year, which also changes the long-established procedures for the fabrication of restorations. This article presents the possibility of practical fabrication of a hybrid bar-retained restoration supported by four dental implants in the maxilla with advanced resorption of the alveolar process.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although digital rectal examination (DRE) is recommended in combination with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) for detection of prostate cancer (PCa), there are limited data to support its use as a screening/early detection test. Our objective was to assess the diagnostic value of DRE in screening for early detection of PCa. METHODS: In August 2023, we queried the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases to identify prospective studies simultaneously investigating the diagnostic performance of DRE and PSA for PCa screening. The primary endpoints were the positive predictive value (PPV) and cancer detection rate (CDR) of DRE. Secondary endpoints included the PPV and CDR of both PSA alone and in combination with DRE. We conducted meta-regression analysis to compare the CDR and PPV of different screening strategies. This meta-analysis is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023446940). KEY FINDINGS AND LIMITATIONS: We identified eight studies involving 85,798 participants, of which three were randomized controlled trials and five were prospective diagnostic studies, that reported the PPV and CDR of both DRE and PSA for the same cohort. Our analysis revealed a pooled PPV of 0.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.13-0.33) for DRE, which is similar to the PPV of PSA (0.22, 95% CI 0.15-0.30; p = 0.9), with no benefit from combining DRE and PSA (PPV 0.19, 95% CI 0.13-0.26; p = 0.5). However, the CDR of DRE (0.01, 95% CI: 0.01-0.02) was significantly lower than that of PSA (0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.03; p < 0.05) and the combination of DRE and PSA (0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.04; p < 0.05). The screening strategy combining DRE and PSA was not different to that of PSA alone in terms of CDR (p = 0.5) and PPV (p = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Our comprehensive review and meta-analysis indicates that both as an independent test and as a supplementary measure to PSA for PCa detection, DRE exhibits a notably low diagnostic value. The collective findings from the included studies suggest that, in the absence of clinical symptoms and signs, DRE could be potentially omitted from PCa screening and early detection strategies. PATIENT SUMMARY: Our review shows that the screening performance of digital rectal examination for detection of prostate cancer is not particularly impressive, suggesting that it might not be necessary to conduct this examination routinely.
- MeSH
- Early Detection of Cancer * methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Prostatic Neoplasms * diagnosis blood MeSH
- Digital Rectal Examination * MeSH
- Prostate-Specific Antigen * blood MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Meta-Analysis MeSH
- Comparative Study MeSH
- Systematic Review MeSH
Souhrn: Horní řezáky spolu se rty nejvíce poutají pozornost v dolní třetině obličeje, proto je nezbytný jejich přirozený vzhled. Poúrazové stavy, vývojové anomálie či nevhodné předchozí ošetření mohou estetiku narušit. Keramické fazety představují jednu z možností, jak navodit žádoucí estetiku při úsměvu. Tato kazuistika popisuje ordinační postup zhotovení nepřímých keramických fazet od plánování přes preparaci a otisky včetně jejich fixace.
Summary: The upper incisors together with the lips attract the most attention in the lower third of the face so their natural appearance is essential. Post-traumatic conditions, developmental anomalies, inappropriate previous treatment can disrupt the esthetics. Ceramic veneers are one of the ways to induce the desired esthetics when smiling. This case report describes treatment by indirect ceramic veneers from planning through preparation and impression including their adhesive cementation.
- MeSH
- Radiography, Dental, Digital methods MeSH
- Adult MeSH
- Esthetics, Dental MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Organically Modified Ceramics MeSH
- Tooth Preparation, Prosthodontic methods MeSH
- Dental Veneers * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Adult MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Computer-Aided Design MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Denture Design methods instrumentation MeSH
- Lithium Compounds * therapeutic use MeSH
- Prosthodontics methods instrumentation MeSH
- Treatment Outcome MeSH
- Crowns * MeSH
- Dental Porcelain MeSH
- Dental Prosthesis Design MeSH
- Dental Impression Technique MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- MeSH
- Computer-Aided Design MeSH
- Digital Technology methods MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Dental Prosthesis Design MeSH
- Dental Impression Technique * MeSH
- Check Tag
- Humans MeSH
- Publication type
- Review MeSH
- Keywords
- prototypy,
- MeSH
- Printing, Three-Dimensional MeSH
- Computer-Aided Design instrumentation MeSH
- Radiography, Dental, Digital * MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Denture Design * methods instrumentation MeSH
- Reoperation MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Dental Impression Technique instrumentation MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Publication type
- Case Reports MeSH
- Geographicals
- Switzerland MeSH
BACKGROUND: Subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) may represent an early cognitive marker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is a need to identify specific SCCs associated with an increased likelihood of underlying AD. OBJECTIVE: Using the Questionnaire of Cognitive Complaints (QPC), we evaluated the pattern of SCCs in a clinical sample of non-demented older adults in comparison to cognitively healthy community-dwelling volunteers (HV). METHODS: In total, 142 non-demented older adults from the Czech Brain Aging Study referred to two memory clinics for their SCCs were classified as having subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 85) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI, n = 57) based on a neuropsychological evaluation. Furthermore, 82 age-, education-, and gender-matched HV were recruited. All subjects completed the QPC assessing the presence of specific SCCs in the last six months. RESULTS: Both SCD and aMCI groups reported almost two times more SCCs than HV, but they did not differ from each other in the total QPC score. Impression of memory change and Impression of worse memory in comparison to peers were significantly more prevalent in both SCD and aMCI groups in comparison to HV; however, only the latter one was associated with lower cognitive performance. CONCLUSION: The pattern of QPC-SCCs reported by SCD individuals was more similar to aMCI individuals than to HV. A complaint about memory change seems unspecific to pathological aging whereas a complaint about worse memory in comparison to peers might be one of the promising items from QPC questionnaire potentially reflecting subtle cognitive changes.
- MeSH
- Cognition physiology MeSH
- Cognitive Dysfunction psychology MeSH
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Neuropsychological Tests MeSH
- Memory physiology MeSH
- Memory Disorders psychology MeSH
- Surveys and Questionnaires MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Aging psychology MeSH
- Check Tag
- Middle Aged MeSH
- Humans MeSH
- Male MeSH
- Aged, 80 and over MeSH
- Aged MeSH
- Female MeSH
- Publication type
- Journal Article MeSH
- Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't MeSH
