Endocrine disruptor
Dotaz
Zobrazit nápovědu
- Klíčová slova
- glyfosát,
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
- glycin škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- herbicidy * škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- organofosfonáty MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
Endokrinní disruptory (ECD) jsou různé chemické látky: přírodní i syntetické hormony, přírodní součásti rostlin, pesticidy, látky používané při výrobě plastických hmot a různých konzumních výrobků, další průmyslově využívané látky a také odpady. Mnohé z nich jsou velmi perzistentní, jiné se naopak rychle rozkládají a mohou tak působit jen po omezenou dobu, ale v kritickém období vývoje. Mohou vyvolávat škodlivé účinky prostřednictvím interference s endokrinním systémem zvířat a lidí. Endokrinní disrupce představuje funkční změny, způsobené expozicí chemickým látkám, které mohou dál vést k poškození organismu. ECD mohou působit mnoha mechanismy na mnohých orgánech. Největší pozornost je věnována mechanismům vazby na receptory, ale jsou studovány i další způsoby. Pokládá se za prokázané, že expozice ECD vyvolává negativní účinky u divoce žijících zvířat a v některých experimentálních studiích, ale nemáme dostatek důkazů, že by zdraví populace bylo poškozováno při současné environmentální expozici.
Endocrine disruptors (ECDs) involve various chemicals, such as natural and synthetic hormones, natural components in plants, pesticides, chemical used in the production of plastics and in other industries, as well as in waste. Many of them are persistent in the environment, while the others are quickly degradated and so they can exert their influence for a short time only, which however can be the critical period of development. Through their interference with the endocrine system they can cause harmful effects both in animals and humans. Endocrine disruptions initiate functional changes as consequences of exposure to chemical substances; such changes can be the basis for further disorders in the body. The mechanisms of ECDs' effects are wide and can be observed in different organs. The most important one is the binding of ECDs' on receptors, but also other possibilities of action are investigated. It is generally accepted that exposure to ECDs causes negative effects among wild animals and in some experimental studies; on the other hand there is a lack of evidence about health disturbances among population exposed to the contemporary levels of ECDs.
In mammals, germ cell differentiation is initiated in the Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) during fetal development. Prenatal exposure to environmental toxicants such as endocrine disruptors may alter PGC differentiation, development of the male germline and induce transgenerational epigenetic disorders. The anti-androgenic compound vinclozolin represents a paradigmatic example of molecule causing transgenerational effects on germ cells. We performed prenatal exposure to vinclozolin in mice and analyzed the phenotypic and molecular changes in three successive generations. A reduction in the number of embryonic PGCs and increased rate of apoptotic cells along with decrease of fertility rate in adult males were observed in F1 to F3 generations. Blimp1 is a crucial regulator of PGC differentiation. We show that prenatal exposure to vinclozolin deregulates specific microRNAs in PGCs, such as miR-23b and miR-21, inducing disequilibrium in the Lin28/let-7/Blimp1 pathway in three successive generations of males. As determined by global maps of cytosine methylation, we found no evidence for prominent changes in DNA methylation in PGCs or mature sperm. Our data suggest that embryonic exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors induces transgenerational epigenetic deregulation of expression of microRNAs affecting key regulatory pathways of germ cells differentiation.
- MeSH
- apoptóza MeSH
- buněčná diferenciace MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory toxicita MeSH
- epigeneze genetická účinky léků MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí toxicita MeSH
- metylace DNA MeSH
- mikro RNA genetika metabolismus MeSH
- myši MeSH
- oxazoly toxicita MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- testis účinky léků patologie MeSH
- transkripční faktory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zárodečné buňky účinky léků fyziologie MeSH
- zpožděný efekt prenatální expozice chemicky indukované genetika metabolismus MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- myši MeSH
- těhotenství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Anthropogenic environmental pollutants affect many physiological, biochemical, and endocrine actions as reproduction, metabolism, immunity, behavior and as such can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. Microbiota and their genes, microbiome, a large body of microorganisms, first of all bacteria and co-existing in the host´s gut, are now believed to be autonomous endocrine organ, participating at overall endocrine, neuroendocrine and immunoendocrine regulations. While an extensive literature is available on the physiological and pathological aspects of both players, information about their mutual relationships is scarce. In the review we attempted to show various examples where both, endocrine disruptors and microbiota are meeting and can act cooperatively or in opposition and to show the mechanism, if known, staying behind these actions.
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory farmakologie MeSH
- fyziologie bakterií účinky léků MeSH
- gastrointestinální trakt účinky léků mikrobiologie MeSH
- látky znečišťující životní prostředí farmakologie MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- střevní mikroflóra účinky léků MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mozek MeSH
- neurodegenerativní nemoci * etiologie MeSH
- neurovývojové poruchy etiologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- přehledy MeSH
- Klíčová slova
- bisfenol A, obezogeny, tributyltin,
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 1. typu MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu MeSH
- diethylstilbestrol škodlivé účinky MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * dějiny metabolismus škodlivé účinky toxicita MeSH
- fytoestrogeny škodlivé účinky MeSH
- kostní dřeň metabolismus patofyziologie MeSH
- kyseliny ftalové analýza škodlivé účinky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužská infertilita chemicky indukované MeSH
- obezita MeSH
- parabeny škodlivé účinky MeSH
- sledování ekologických parametrů MeSH
- zákonodárství jako téma MeSH
- ženská infertilita chemicky indukované MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Phthalates are endocrine disruptors frequently occurring in the general and industrial environment and in many industrial products. Moreover, they are also suspected of being carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic, and they show diverse toxicity profiles depending on their structures. The European Union and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) have included many phthalates in the list of priority substances with potential endocrine-disrupting action. They are: dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBP), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP), di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP), di-n-decyl phthalate (DnDP), and dioctyl phthalate (DOP). There is an ever-increasing demand for new analytical methods suitable for monitoring different phthalates in various environmental, biological, and other matrices. Separation and spectrometric methods are most frequently used. However, modern electroanalytical methods can also play a useful role in this field because of their high sensitivity, reasonable selectivity, easy automation, and miniaturization, and especially low investment and running costs, which makes them suitable for large-scale monitoring. Therefore, this review outlines possibilities and limitations of various analytical methods for determination of endocrine-disruptor phthalate esters in various matrices, including somewhat neglected electroanalytical methods.
In the present study, the effect of polycyclic musk compound tonalide (AHTN) in two concentrations was studied in male rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum 1792). A feeding trial was conducted with AHTN incorporated into feed granules. One concentration was environmentally relevant (854 µg/kg); the second one was 10× higher (8699 µg/kg). The fish were fed twice a day with the amount of feed at 1 % of their body weight. After an acclimatization period, the experimental phase in duration of six weeks followed. At the end of the experiment, fish were sampled and the biometrical data were recorded. Subsequently, hematological and biochemical tests, histopathological examination, analysis of oxidative stress markers and evaluation of endocrine disruption using plasma vitellogenin were performed. In conclusion, an increase of hematocrit for both AHTN concentrations was found, but no significant changes were observed in biochemical profile. Moreover, AHTN caused lipid peroxidation in caudal kidney tissue, which was confirmed by histopathological images. The long-lasting AHTN exposure could thus be harmful for maintaining homeostasis in the rainbow trout organism. However, the vitellogenin concentration seemed not to be affected by AHTN.
- MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory toxicita MeSH
- játra účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- kyseliny mastné mononenasycené toxicita MeSH
- ledviny účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- Oncorhynchus mykiss krev metabolismus MeSH
- oxidační stres účinky léků MeSH
- peroxidace lipidů účinky léků MeSH
- rybí proteiny krev MeSH
- tetrahydronaftaleny toxicita MeSH
- vitelogeniny krev MeSH
- vztah mezi dávkou a účinkem léčiva MeSH
- žábry účinky léků metabolismus patologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are ubiquitous substances both in the environment and everyday products that interfere with the hormonal system. Growing evidence demonstrates their adverse effects on the organism, including the reproductive system and the prostate, owing to their (anti)estrogenic or antiandrogenic effects. Since EDs can interact with steroid hormone actions on-site, understanding the levels of intraprostatic EDs in conjunction with steroids may hold particular significance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining estrogens, various groups of EDs (bisphenols, parabens, oxybenzone and nonylphenol) and phytoestrogens in their unconjugated and conjugated forms in prostate tissue by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and subsequently analyze 20 human prostate tissue samples. The method enabled 20 compounds to be analyzed: estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol), bisphenols (bisphenol A- BPA, BPS, BPF, BPAF, BPAP, BPZ, BPP), parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, benzyl- paraben), oxybenzone, nonylphenol and phytoestrogens (daidzein, genistein, equol) with LLOQs between 0.017-2.86 pg/mg of tissue. The most frequently detected EDs in prostate tissues were propylparaben (conjugated and unconjugated forms in 100 % of tissues), methylparaben (unconjugated in 45 % and conjugated in 100 %), ethylparaben (unconjugated in 25 % and conjugated in 100 % BPA (unconjugated in 35 % and conjugated in 60 % and oxybenzone (both forms in 45 % To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study detecting EDs, phytoestrogens and estriol conjugate (E3C) in the prostate. E3C was the most abundant estrogen in prostatic tissue. This highlights the need for further explorations into estrogen metabolism within the prostate.
- MeSH
- benzhydrylové sloučeniny MeSH
- endokrinní disruptory * MeSH
- estriol MeSH
- estrogeny * MeSH
- fytoestrogeny MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- parabeny MeSH
- prostata chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
