Immigration
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This paper examines the patterns of the US and Australian immigration geography and the process of regional population diversification and the emergence of new immigrant concentrations at the regional level. It presents a new approach in the context of human migration studies, focusing on spatial relatedness between individual foreign-born groups as revealed from the analysis of their joint spatial concentrations. The approach employs a simple assumption that the more frequently the members of two population groups concentrate in the same locations the higher is the probability that these two groups can be related. Based on detailed data on the spatial distribution of foreign-born groups in US counties (2000-2010) and Australian postal areas (2006-2011) we firstly quantify the spatial relatedness between all pairs of foreign-born groups and model the aggregate patterns of US and Australian immigration systems conceptualized as the undirected networks of foreign-born groups linked by their spatial relatedness. Secondly, adopting a more dynamic perspective, we assume that immigrant groups with higher spatial relatedness to those groups already concentrated in a region are also more likely to settle in this region in future. As the ultimate goal of the paper, we examine the power of spatial relatedness measures in projecting the emergence of new immigrant concentrations in the US and Australian regions. The results corroborate that the spatial relatedness measures can serve as useful instruments in the analysis of the patterns of population structure and prediction of regional population change. More generally, this paper demonstrates that information contained in spatial patterns (relatedness in space) of population composition has yet to be fully utilized in population forecasting.
- MeSH
- emigrace a imigrace trendy MeSH
- emigranti a imigranti * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- migrace lidstva trendy MeSH
- populace * MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Austrálie MeSH
- Spojené státy americké MeSH
BACKGROUND: Electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs) have been shown to enhance healthcare quality by improving patient symptom management or quality of life (QoL). However, ePROs data for urothelial cancer (UC) patients receiving systemic therapies are scarce, and the application of ePROs in this patient cohort may need specific setups. This study tested the feasibility of ePROs for UC patients receiving systemic therapies in the outpatient clinic of a tertiary care center. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2022 to April 2023, 30 UC patients receiving systemic cancer therapies received ePROs based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-30) to report their symptoms and QoL during systemic therapy, in total, 125 questions for every therapy cycle. The proportion of patients adherent to the ePROs was assessed to evaluate feasibility, with a preset threshold of 50%. At least half of all treatment cycles with a minimum of two consecutive ePROs (corresponding to two successive therapy cycles) had to be completed to be counted as adherent, and a maximum of six successive therapy cycles was followed by ePROs. Descriptive statistics were calculated for clinical and demographic patient characteristics. T-test and chi-square-test analyses were performed to study the association between ePROs adherence and clinical or demographic factors. The digital process was closely monitored for procedural impediments that could occur. RESULTS: 21 (70%) of the included 30 patients adhered to the provided ePROs, significantly higher than the predetermined threshold of 50%. Adherence remained above 70% until the end of the observation period. A significant negative effect of immigration background on ePROs compliance was observed (p = 0.006). No other variables were significantly associated with ePROs compliance. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, ePROs were a feasible method to assess symptoms and QoL during the systemic cancer therapy of UC patients at our center. The compliance of patients with immigration backgrounds was the most significant barrier to using ePROs in this setting. However, the study is limited by the exclusion of patients without email access and the lack of assessment of physician compliance with the ePROs data, which may affect the generalizability and implementation of the findings.
- MeSH
- emigrace a imigrace MeSH
- hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem * MeSH
- kvalita života * MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- průzkumy a dotazníky MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- studie proveditelnosti * MeSH
- urologické nádory terapie psychologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři nad 80 let MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
... Stigma, symbolic boundaries and the everyday politics of belonging 12 -- The Brother of the Other: Immigrants ... ... 28 -- The context of reception for immigrants in the Czech Republic: Scrutinizing migration research.32 ... ... migration trajectories from Belarus, Ukraine and Russia to Czechia 4^ -- CHAPTER 2 -- NEGOTIATING IMMIGRANT ... ... Other migrants, migrants others: Socialization into the hierarchies of difference in the Czech immigration ... ... > 125 -- Rejection of the stigma of the perpetrators 127 -- Final reflection: Immigration from the former ...
1. elektronické vydání 1 online zdroj (167 stran)
Německá společnost Evangelisches Jugend- und Fürsorgewerk se v průběhu své více než stodvacetileté historie vždy věnovala křesťanské pomoci potřebným lidem. Dnes je její činnost orientována zejména do oblasti inkludovaného mateřského školství, komplexní pomoci potřebným dětem a mladistvým, pomoci zdravotně postiženým dospělým osobám, bydlení a navazujících služeb pro seniory a poradenství pro různé cílové skupiny. V posledních letech se významně podílí i na řešení migrační krize v Německu, především v Berlíně. Teologickým a filozofickým základem veškeré její činnosti je láska k Bohu, projevovaná jako láska ke konkrétnímu trpícímu člověku. Činorodost společnosti pak vyplývá z vyznávané protestantské pracovní etiky. Prosazuje v německé společnosti postoj přiznávající legálním a v zákonnosti žijícím imigrantům právo na vlastní svobodné rozhodování o možnosti ponechat si nejrozmanitější vazby na svoji původní komunitu. Pro jednotlivé fáze začleňování imigrantů do svobodné demokratické společnosti rozvíjí prezentovaná společnost celou řadu projektů. Součástí studie je proto i stručná deskripce příkladů dobré praxe. Pro první, orientační fázi je vybrán projekt Georg-Kriedte-Haus, zajišťující ubytování a potřebnou stabilizaci imigrantů. Fáze orientační je reprezentována poradenským a edukačním zařízením Deutsch-Arabisches Zentrum für Bildung und Integration. Na širokou škálu činností charakteristických pro třetí, integrační fázi poukazuje nejlépe Familienzentrum Bisamkiez, nacházející se na panelovém sídlišti v Postupimi obývaném lidmi několika desítek různých národností. Cílem příspěvku je především motivovat zájem vysokoškolských studentů humanitních oborů o získávání osobních zahraničních zkušeností pro budoucí účinné řešení imigračních problémů v České republice.
During its more than a hundred and twenty-year history, the German organization “Evangelisches Jugend- und Fürsorgewerk” has always devoted its Christian support to people in need. Today, its activities focus mainly on the area of inclusive nursery education, comprehensive assistance to children and youth in need, assistance to adults with disabilities, housing and related services for the elderly, and counselling for different target groups. In recent years, it has been a major contributor to the migration crisis management in Germany, particularly in Berlin. The theological and philosophical basis of all its activities is the love for God, manifested as a love for a particular suffering person. The activeness of the organization derives from the wellknown Protestant work ethic. In German society, it advocates a position that grants legal and legally living immigrants the right to freely decide on the possibility of retaining the most diverse ties to their original communities. For the various phases of the integration of immigrants into a free democratic society, the organization is developing a number of diverse projects. Part of this paper is a brief description of good practice examples. The first, indicative phase, deals with the Georg-Kriedte- Haus project, which provides accommodation and the necessary stabilization for immigrants. The orientation phase is represented by the Deutsch-Arabisches Zentrum für Bildung und Integration a counselling and education facility. The Familienzentrum Bisamkiez, located in a panel housing estate in Potsdam, inhabited by several dozen people of different nationalities, best points out the wide range of activities characteristic of the third, integration phase. The aim of this contribution is to motivate university students in the humanity study programmes to gain personal experience from abroad for the future effective solution of immigration problems in the Czech Republic.
- MeSH
- emigranti a imigranti MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- náboženské organizace využití MeSH
- sociální facilitace MeSH
- sociální přizpůsobení MeSH
- uprchlíci MeSH
- zapojení do společnosti MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Německo MeSH
Previous research is inconclusive as to whether having an immigration background acts as a risk factor for poor mental health in adolescents, and furthermore, what contribution the social context in which adolescents grow up may make. To address these questions, the current study uses an integrative resilience framework to investigate the association between immigration background and adolescent mental health, and the moderating role of social capital at the individual, the school, and the national level. The study uses data gathered from nationally representative samples of adolescents aged 11, 13, and 15 years (Ngirls = 63,425 (52.1%); Mage = 13.57, SD = 1.64) from 29 countries participating in the 2017/18 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Data analysis reveals that first- and second-generation immigrants reported higher levels of life dissatisfaction and psychosomatic symptoms than their native peers, and that this association varied across schools and countries. In addition, social capital was found to moderate the association between immigration background and adolescent mental health. Individual-level social support from peers and family and national-level trust protected against poor mental health in adolescents with an immigration background, while the opposite was true for individual-level teacher support. Supportive teacher-student relationships were found to provide more protection against poor mental health for native adolescents than for immigrant adolescents. Our findings indicate the importance of taking an ecological approach to design interventions to reduce the negative effects of having an immigration background on adolescent mental health.
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- duševní zdraví MeSH
- emigrace a imigrace MeSH
- emigranti a imigranti * MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- sociální kapitál * MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Evropa MeSH
elektronický časopis
- Konspekt
- Veřejné zdraví a hygiena
- NLK Obory
- veřejné zdravotnictví
- NLK Publikační typ
- elektronické časopisy
- MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- emigrace a imigrace MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- městské obyvatelstvo MeSH
- sociální izolace MeSH
- sociometrické techniky MeSH
- zločinnost mladistvých MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- srovnávací studie MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Švédsko MeSH
- MeSH
- dokumentace MeSH
- emigrace a imigrace MeSH
- rodinní lékaři MeSH
- sektor zdravotní péče MeSH
- zdravotní pojištění MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Nizozemsko MeSH