Morphometric correlation analysis
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As cancer care is transitioning to personalized therapies with necessary complementary or companion biomarkers there is significant interest in determining to what extent non-invasive liquid biopsies reflect the gold standard solid biopsy. We have established an approach for measuring patient-specific circulating and solid cell concordance by introducing tumor touch preparations to the High-Definition Single Cell Analysis workflow for high-resolution cytomorphometric characterization of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Subgroups of cells based on size, shape and protein expression were identified in both liquid and solid biopsies, which overall displayed high inter- and intra- patient pleomorphism at the single-cell level of analysis. Concordance of liquid and solid biopsies was patient-dependent and between 0.1-0.9. Morphometric variables displayed particularly high correlation, suggesting that circulating cells do not represent distinct subpopulations from the solid tumor. This was further substantiated by significant decrease in concentration of circulating cells after mCRC resection. Combined with the association of circulating cells with tumor burden and necrosis of hepatic lesions, our overall findings demonstrate that liquid biopsy cells can be informative biomarkers in the mCRC setting. Patient-specific level of concordance can readily be measured to establish the utility of circulating cells as biomarkers and define biosignatures for liquid biopsy assays.
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
We test the hypothesis that living on larger fish may impose constraints, i.e. the need to develop large attachment organs, related to the necessity to remain attached on large gills. For this, we compiled data on body size and morphometric measurements of attachment organs of 44 Dactylogyrus species (ectoparasites with direct life-cycle) from 19 cyprinid species. Nineteen dactylogyrid species were considered as specialists (infecting only 1 host species) and 25 as generalists (infecting more than 1 species). The lack of phylogenetic information lead us to perform comparative analyses using raw values and independent contrasts obtained by random phylogenies. Our results show that rich parasite communities are formed by specialists and generalists whereas poor communities are composed mainly of generalist parasites. Moreover, specialists are found on larger hosts, which may reflect a specialization on a predictable resource, as larger fish live longer and offer large gills for parasite colonization. Parasite specialization is shown to be linked with adaptation of attachment organs to their fish hosts. Two morphometric variables of the attachment organ, the total length of anchor and length of base of anchor, were positively correlated with host length for specialists.
- MeSH
- druhová specificita MeSH
- fylogeneze MeSH
- infekce červy třídy Trematoda parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- infestace ektoparazity parazitologie veterinární MeSH
- interakce hostitele a parazita fyziologie MeSH
- máloostní parazitologie MeSH
- nemoci ryb parazitologie MeSH
- Trematoda anatomie a histologie parazitologie MeSH
- žábry parazitologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- Geografické názvy
- Česká republika MeSH
- Slovenská republika MeSH
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The primary objective was to compare diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scalar parameters of peripheral nerves between subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without diabetes. Secondarily, we aimed to correlate DTI scalar parameters with nerve morphometric properties. METHODS: Median, tibial, and sural nerves were harvested from 34 male cadavers (17 T2DM, 17 nondiabetic). Each nerve was divided into three segments. The initial segment was scanned using 9.4 Tesla MRI system (three-dimensional pulsed-gradient spin-echo sequence). DTI scalars were calculated from region-average diffusion-weighted signals. Second segment was optically cleared, acquired with optical projection tomography (OPT), and analyzed for morphometrical properties. Toluidine-stained sections were prepared from last segment, and axon- and myelin-related properties were evaluated. RESULTS: DTI scalar parameters of median and tibial nerves were comparable between the groups, while sural nerves of T2DM exhibited on average 41% higher mean diffusivity (MD) (p = 0.03), 38% higher radial diffusivity (RD) (p = 0.03), and 27% lower fractional anisotropy (FA) (p = 0.005). Significant differences in toluidine-evaluated parameters of sural nerves were observed between the groups, with a positive correlation between FA with fiber density (p = 0.0001) and with myelin proportion (p < 0.0001) and an inverse correlation between RD and myelin proportion (p = 0.003). OPT-measured morphometric properties did not correlate with DTI scalar parameters. CONCLUSIONS: High-field DTI shows promise as an imaging technique for detecting axonal and myelin-related changes in small sural nerves ex vivo. The reduced fiber density and decreased myelin content, which can be observed in T2DM, likely contribute to observed FA reduction and increased MD/RD.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus 2. typu * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- diabetické neuropatie diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mrtvola * MeSH
- nervus medianus diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- nervus suralis * diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- nervus tibialis diagnostické zobrazování patologie MeSH
- reprodukovatelnost výsledků MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- senzitivita a specificita MeSH
- zobrazování difuzních tenzorů * metody MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé středního věku MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Morphometric assessment of the canine hip joint using acetabular angle of retrotorsion was used in this study. The aim of our study was to compare the acetabular angle of retrotorsion (AAR) with values of the Norberg angle (NA) and the hip score (HS) in the Leonberger dog breed and to determine the cut-off point of AAR that distinguish between normal and dysplastic hip status on the basis of Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI) hip evaluation. Retrospective analysis of NA and AAR was measured from standard ventrodorsal pelvic radiographs with extended femurs in 387 Leonberger dogs (141 males and 246 females) from 18 to 63 months of age, which were then divided into five age-groups. Through analysis of these radiographs, it was determined that the cut-off point for NA was 105°, AAR was 15°, and the acetabular angle of retrotorsion was positively correlated with Norberg angle and negatively correlated with hip score. The results of our study indicate that the acetabular angle of retrotorsion may represent a reliable morphometric assessment tool in evaluating acetabular cup conformation, and values of AAR may help to assess the FCI grade of canine hip dysplasia.
- MeSH
- acetabulum radiografie MeSH
- dysplazie kyčelního kloubu u psů radiografie MeSH
- femur radiografie MeSH
- kyčelní kloub anatomie a histologie radiografie MeSH
- pohlavní dimorfismus MeSH
- psi anatomie a histologie MeSH
- radiografie metody veterinární MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Check Tag
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- psi anatomie a histologie MeSH
- zvířata MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Correlations between facial bony structures and soft facial features are fundamental for facial approximation methods The purpose of this study was to assess the strength of the association between craniofacial shape and the shape of the soft-tissue profile and to determine the extent to which it might be possible to predict the latter from the former. Soft-tissue and skeletal facial profile curves were extracted from 86 lateral head cephalograms of a recent Central European population (52 males and 34 females, aged between 19 and 43 years), divided into five parts, segmented automatically and evaluated using geometric morphometrics. The magnitude of the hard-soft shape association was assessed by principal component analysis and subsequent multiple linear regression (Halazonetis, 2007), by partial least square analysis (PLS) (Rohlf and Corti, 2000) and the RV coefficient (Klingenberg, 2009). The greatest amount of association between the skeletal contour and overlying soft tissues was exhibited by the region of the forehead (predictive power: 95.1%, RV=0.91, correlation for PLS1 r=0,96), followed by the region of the nasal root (predictive power: 40.2%, RV=0.42, rPLS1=0.72) and the lower lip and chin (predictive power: 37.3%, RV=0.41, rPLS1=0.65). The smallest statistically significant covariation was displayed by the upper lip and the maxilla (predictive power: 9.6%, RV=0.14, rPLS1=0.43). The shape covariation between the nasal bridge and the tip and lateral border of the nasal aperture was found to be statistically insignificant (predictive power: 5.8%, RV=0.05, rPLS1=0.26). Shape covariation was visualized and described by thin-plate spine grids. These findings correspond with the observation that the shape of the nasal profile and the upper lip contour are difficult to reconstruct or predict reliably in facial approximations. It seems that the shape of soft tissues might not follow underlying structures as closely as expected.
- MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent MeSH
- anatomická značka MeSH
- dospělí MeSH
- kefalometrie metody MeSH
- lebka anatomie a histologie diagnostické zobrazování MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lineární modely MeSH
- metoda nejmenších čtverců MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- obličej anatomie a histologie MeSH
- radiografie MeSH
- software * MeSH
- soudní antropologie MeSH
- Check Tag
- dospělí MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladý dospělý MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Facial development of patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is associated with many problems including deformity of the palate. The aim of this study was to evaluate palatal morphology and variability in patients with UCLP compared with Czech norms using methods of geometric morphometrics. The study was based on virtual dental cast analysis of 29 UCLP patients and 29 control individuals at the age of 15 years. The variability of palatal shape in UCLP patients was greater than that in nonclefted palates. Only 24% of clefted palates fell within the variability of controls. The palatal form of UCLP patients (range from 11.8 to 17.2 years) was not correlated with age. Compared with control palates, palates of UCLP patients were narrower, more anteriorly than posteriorly. Apart from the praemaxilla region, they were also shallower, and the difference increased posteriorly. The UCLP palate was characterised by the asymmetry of its vault. The maximum height of the palatal vault was anterior on the clefted side, whereas it was posterior on the nonclefted side. The slope of the UCLP palate was more inclined compared with the control group. The praemaxilla was therefore situated more inferiorly.
- MeSH
- anatomická variace MeSH
- anatomická značka patologie MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kefalometrie metody MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maxila patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- patro patologie MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- rozštěp patra patologie MeSH
- rozštěp rtu patologie MeSH
- uživatelské rozhraní počítače MeSH
- věkové faktory MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné metody MeSH
- zubní modely MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
OBJECTIVE: To date, very few studies have focused on structural changes and their association with cognitive performance in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). Moreover, the results of these studies are inconclusive. This study aims to evaluate differences in the associations between brain morphology and cognitive tests in iRBD and healthy controls. METHODS: Sixty-three patients with iRBD and thirty-six controls underwent MRI with a 3 T scanner. The cognitive performance was assessed by a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Based on performance, the iRBD group was divided into two subgroups with (iRBD-MCI) and without mild cognitive impairment (iRBD-NC). The high-resolution T1-weighted images were analysed using an automated atlas segmentation tool, voxel-based (VBM) and deformation-based (DBM) morphometry to identify between-group differences and correlations with cognitive performance. RESULTS: VBM, DBM and the comparison of ROI volumes yielded no significant differences between iRBD and controls. In the iRBD group, significant correlations in VBM were found between several cortical and subcortical structures primarily located in the temporal, parietal, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and basal ganglia and three cognitive tests assessing psychomotor speed and one memory test. Between-group analysis of cognition revealed a significant difference between iRBD-MCI and iRBD-NC in tests including a processing speed component. CONCLUSIONS: iRBD shows deficits in several cognitive tests that correlate with morphological changes, the most prominent of which is in psychomotor speed and visual attention as measured by the TMT-A and associated with the volume of striatum, insula, cerebellum, temporal lobe, pallidum and amygdala.
Bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP) is the most severe of the common orofacial clefts and is associated with the greatest deformity during development. The aim of this study was to use geometric morphometrics to evaluate palatal shape and size variability in patients with BCLP in comparison to nonclefted Czech boys. The variability of palatal size and shape in BCLP patients was greater when compared with the nonclefted population. Though palate variability in BCLP was wide, nonclefted palatal shapes were generally different (a high, wide and vaulted palate) and fell almost outside the range of BCLP variability. The palatal size and shape of BCLP patients (range from 12.1 to 16.5 years) was not correlated with age. A comparison of the mean shapes of the clefted and nonclefted groups showed that the BCLP palate is flatter and narrower. The most notable size difference was found in the area between the maxilla and premaxilla. This phenomenon is associated with the persisting separation of the premaxilla from the rest of the palate. The shape of the palatal configuration of the premaxilla and adjacent area was concave in the nonclefted group and convex in BCLP patients.
- MeSH
- analýza hlavních komponent metody MeSH
- analýza metodou konečných prvků MeSH
- anatomická značka patologie MeSH
- chirurgické laloky MeSH
- dítě MeSH
- kefalometrie metody MeSH
- lasery MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- maxila patologie MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- ortodoncie korekční metody MeSH
- patro patologie MeSH
- počítačové zpracování obrazu metody MeSH
- rozštěp patra patologie terapie MeSH
- zákroky plastické chirurgie metody MeSH
- zobrazování trojrozměrné metody MeSH
- zubní modely MeSH
- Check Tag
- dítě MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- mladiství MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
- srovnávací studie MeSH
Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key feature of various brain disorders. To assess its integrity a parametrization of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) with a contrast agent (CA) is broadly used. Parametrization can be done quantitatively or semi-quantitatively. Quantitative methods directly describe BBB permeability but exhibit several drawbacks such as high computation demands, reproducibility issues, or low robustness. Semi-quantitative methods are fast to compute, simply mathematically described, and robust, however, they do not describe the status of BBB directly but only as a variation of CA concentration in measured tissue. Our goal was to elucidate differences between five semi-quantitative parameters: maximal intensity (Imax), normalized permeability index (NPI), and difference in DCE values between three timepoints: baseline, 5 min, and 15 min (delta5-0, delta15-0, delta15-5) and two quantitative parameters: transfer constant (Ktrans) and an extravascular fraction (Ve). For the purpose of comparison, we analyzed DCE data of four patients 12-15 days after the stroke with visible CA enhancement. Calculated parameters showed abnormalities spatially corresponding with the ischemic lesion, however, findings in individual parameters morphometrically differed. Ktrans and Ve were highly correlated. Delta5-0 and delta15-0 were prominent in regions with rapid CA enhancement and highly correlated with Ktrans. Abnormalities in delta15-5 and NPI were more homogenous with less variable values, smoother borders, and less detail than Ktrans. Moreover, only delta15-5 and NPI were able to distinguish vessels from extravascular space. Our comparison provides important knowledge for understanding and interpreting parameters derived from DCE MRI by both quantitative and semi-quantitative methods.
