PURPOSE: There is a paucity of long-term objective and patient-reported outcomes after definitive perineal urethrostomy for complex urethral strictures. Our objective is to determine comprehensive long-term success of perineal urethrostomy with our 15-year experience at a reconstructive referral center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who underwent perineal urethrostomy between 2009 and 2023 were identified. A comprehensive long-term follow-up was conducted, evaluating both objective outcomes (retreatment-free survival) and subjective outcomes through the use of validated questionnaires. Additionally, to provide further context for our findings, we conducted a scoping review of all studies reporting outcomes following perineal urethrostomy. RESULTS: Among 76 patients, 55% had iatrogenic strictures, with 82% previously undergoing urethral interventions. At a median follow-up of 55 months, retreatment-free survival was 84%, with 16% of patients experiencing perineal urethrostomy recurrent stenosis. Patient-reported outcomes revealed a generally satisfactory voiding function (Urethral Stricture Surgery Patient-Reported Outcome Measure Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms score) and continence (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence Short Form), with median scores of 4 (range 0-24) and 0 (range 0-21), but with bimodal distributions of sexual function scores (median International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function domain: 3.5; median Male Sexual Health Questionnaire-Ejaculation Scale: 21). Treatment satisfaction was very high with a median International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Satisfaction outcome score of 21 (range 0-24). The scoping review revealed varying success rates ranging from 51% to 95%, highlighting difficulties in comparison due to variable success definitions and patient case mix. CONCLUSIONS: Perineal urethrostomy provides effective treatment for complex anterior urethral strictures, with high patient satisfaction, preserved continence function, and favorable voiding outcomes. It presents a viable option for older and comorbid patients, especially after thorough counseling on expected outcomes and potential risks.

• MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• perineum * chirurgie   MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• striktura uretry * chirurgie   MeSH
• uretra chirurgie   MeSH
• urologické chirurgické výkony u mužů metody   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• zákroky plastické chirurgie metody   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• přehledy MeSH

OBJECTIVE: To investigate long-term and patient-reported outcomes, including sexual function, in women undergoing urogenital fistula (UGF) repair, addressing the lack of such data in Western countries, where fistulas often result from iatrogenic causes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis at a tertiary referral centre (2010-2023), classifying fistulas based on World Health Organisation criteria and evaluating surgical approaches, aetiology, and characteristics. Both objective (fistula closure, reintervention rates) and subjective outcomes (validated questionnaires) were assessed. A scoping review of patient-reported outcome measures in UGF repair was also performed. RESULTS: The study included 50 patients: 17 (34%) underwent transvaginal and 33 (66%) transabdominal surgery. History of hysterectomy was present in 36 patients (72%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) operating time was 130 (88-148) min. Fistula closure was achieved in 94% of cases at a median (IQR) follow-up of 50 (16-91) months and reached 100% after three redo fistula repairs. Seven patients (14%) underwent reinterventions for stress urinary incontinence after transvaginal repair (autologous fascial slings). Patient-reported outcomes showed median (IQR) scores on the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Modules (ICIQ-FLUTS) of 5 (3-7) for filling symptoms, 1 (0-2) for voiding symptoms and 4.5 (1-9) for incontinence symptoms. The median (IQR) score on the ICIQ Female Sexual Matters Associated with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Module (ICIQ-FLUTSsex) was 3 (1-5). The median (IQR) ICIQ Satisfaction (ICIQ-S) outcome score and overall satisfaction with surgery item score was 22 (18.5-23.5) and 10 (8.5-10), respectively. Higher scores indicate higher symptom burden and treatment satisfaction, respectively. Our scoping review included 1784 women, revealing mixed aetiology and methodological and aetiological heterogeneity, thus complicating cross-study comparisons. CONCLUSIONS: Urogenital fistula repair at a specialised centre leads to excellent outcomes and high satisfaction. Patients with urethrovaginal fistulas are at increased risk of stress urinary incontinence, possibly due to the original trauma site of the fistula.

• MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• hodnocení výsledků péče pacientem * MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• vezikovaginální píštěl * chirurgie   MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH

CONTEXT: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff resection is the standard treatment in patients with high-risk upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC). However, it is unclear which specific surgical technique may lead to improve oncological outcomes in term of intravesical recurrence (IVR) in patients with UTUC. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical techniques and approaches of RNU in reducing IVR in UTUC patients. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: Three databases were queried in January 2024 for studies analyzing UTUC patients who underwent RNU. The primary outcome of interest was the rate of IVR among various types of surgical techniques and approaches of RNU. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Thirty-one studies, comprising 1 randomized controlled trial and 1 prospective study, were included for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The rate of IVR was significantly lower in RNU patients who had an early ligation (EL) of the ureter compared to those who did not (HR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44-0.94, p = 0.02). Laparoscopic RNU significantly increased the IVR compared to open RNU (HR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.06-1.54, p < 0.001). Intravesical bladder cuff removal significantly reduced the IVR compared to both extravesical and transurethral bladder cuff removal (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51-0.83, p = 0.02 and HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.15-2.34, p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: EL of the affected upper tract system, ureteral management, open RNU, and intravesical bladder cuff removal seem to yield the lowest IVR rate in patients with UTUC. Well-designed prospective studies are needed to conclusively elucidate the optimal surgical technique in the setting of single post-operative intravesical chemotherapy.

• MeSH
• karcinom z přechodných buněk * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lokální recidiva nádoru * epidemiologie   MeSH
• nádory ledvin * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory močového měchýře * chirurgie   patologie   MeSH
• nádory močovodu * chirurgie   MeSH
• nefroureterektomie * metody   MeSH
• ureter chirurgie   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are the standard treatment of advanced unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the impact of concomitant medications remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the impact of concomitant medications on survival outcomes in patients treated with systemic therapy for advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC. In August 2024, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were queried for studies evaluating concomitant medications in patients with advanced unresectable or metastatic RCC (PROSPERO: CRD42024573252). The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). A fixed- or random-effects model was used for meta-analysis according to heterogeneity. We identified 22 eligible studies (5 prospective and 17 retrospective) comprising 16,072 patients. Concomitant medications included proton pump inhibitors (PPI) (n = 3959), antibiotics (n = 571), statins (n = 5466), renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) (n = 6615), and beta-blockers (n = 1964). Both concomitant PPI and antibiotics were significantly associated with worse OS in patients treated with ICI (PPI: HR: 1.22, P = .01, and antibiotics: HR: 2.09, P < .001). Concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blocker were significantly associated with improved OS in patients treated with TKI (statins: HR: 0.81, P = .03, RASi: HR: 0.63, P < .001, beta-blocker: HR: 0.69, P < .001, respectively). In patients treated with ICI, RASi was significantly associated with improved OS (HR: 0.64, P = .02). Concomitant use of antibiotics or PPI with ICI can reduce its oncologic efficacy. Conversely, concomitant statins, RASi, or beta-blockers can enhance the oncologic efficacy of TKI. When initiating systemic therapy for metastatic RCC, it may be important for clinicians to assess baseline co-medications and recognize their possible positive or negative effects.

• MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• beta blokátory terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory kontrolních bodů terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory proteinkinas terapeutické užití   MeSH
• inhibitory protonové pumpy terapeutické užití   aplikace a dávkování   MeSH
• karcinom z renálních buněk * farmakoterapie   mortalita   sekundární   MeSH
• lékové interakce MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory ledvin * farmakoterapie   mortalita   patologie   MeSH
• statiny terapeutické užití   MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• metaanalýza MeSH
• přehledy MeSH
• systematický přehled MeSH

OBJECTIVES: Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a device-based treatment for subjects ≥18 years with severe asthma not well controlled with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta-agonists. The Bronchial Thermoplasty Global Registry (BTGR) collected real-world data on subjects undergoing this procedure. DESIGN: The BTGR is an all-comer, prospective, open-label, multicentre study enrolling adult subjects indicated for and treated with BT. SETTING: Eighteen centres in Spain, Italy, Germany, the UK, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, South Africa and Australia PARTICIPANTS: One hundred fifty-seven subjects aged 18 years and older who were scheduled to undergo BT treatment for asthma. Subjects diagnosed with other medical conditions which, in the investigator's opinion, made them inappropriate for BT treatment were excluded. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Baseline characteristics collected included demographics, Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Asthma Control Test (ACT), medication usage, forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity, medical history, comorbidities and 12-month baseline recall data (severe exacerbations (SE) and healthcare utilisation). SE incidence and healthcare utilisation were summarised at 1 and 2 years post-BT. RESULTS: Subjects' baseline characteristics were representative of persons with severe asthma. A comparison of the proportion of subjects experiencing events during the 12 months prior to BT to the 2-year follow-up showed a reduction in SE (90.3% vs 56.1%, p<0.0001), emergency room visits (53.8% vs 25.5%, p<0.0001) and hospitalisations (42.9% vs 23.5 %, p=0.0019). Reductions in asthma maintenance medication dosage were also observed. AQLQ and ACT scores improved from 3.26 and 11.18 at baseline to 4.39 and 15.54 at 2 years, respectively (p<0.0001 for both AQLQ and ACT). CONCLUSIONS: The BTGR demonstrates sustained improvement in clinical outcomes and reduction in asthma medication usage 2 years after BT in a real-world population. This is consistent with results from other BT randomised controlled trials and registries and further supports improvement in asthma control after BT. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02104856.

• MeSH
• bronchiální astma * farmakoterapie   chirurgie   MeSH
• bronchiální termoplastika * metody   MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kvalita života MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH

OBJECTIVES: High platelet reactivity (HPR) was studied in patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) due to stent thrombosis (ST) undergoing immediate percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). BACKGROUND: HPR on P2Y12 inhibitors (HPR-ADP) is frequently observed in stable patients who have experienced ST. The HPR rates in patients presenting with ST for immediate PCI are unknown. METHODS: Consecutive patients presenting with definite ST were included in a multicenter ST registry. Platelet reactivity was measured before immediate PCI with the VerifyNow P2Y12 or Aspirin assay. RESULTS: Platelet reactivity was measured in 129 ST patients presenting with STEMI undergoing immediate PCI. HPR-ADP was observed in 76% of the patients, and HPR on aspirin (HPR-AA) was observed in 13% of the patients. HPR rates were similar in patients who were on maintenance P2Y12 inhibitor or aspirin since stent placement versus those without these medications. In addition, HPR-ADP was similar in patients loaded with a P2Y12 inhibitor shortly before immediate PCI versus those who were not. In contrast, HPR-AA trended to be lower in patients loaded with aspirin as compared with those not loaded. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 3 out of 4 ST patients with STEMI undergoing immediate PCI had HPR-ADP, and 13% had HPR-AA. Whether patients were on maintenance antiplatelet therapy while developing ST or loaded with P2Y12 inhibitors shortly before undergoing immediate PCI had no influence on the HPR rates. This raises concerns that the majority of patients with ST have suboptimal platelet inhibition undergoing immediate PCI.

• MeSH
• adenosindifosfát krev   MeSH
• biologické markery krev   MeSH
• časové faktory MeSH
• infarkt myokardu s elevacemi ST úseků krev   diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   chirurgie   MeSH
• inhibitory agregace trombocytů škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• koronární angioplastika škodlivé účinky   přístrojové vybavení   MeSH
• koronární trombóza krev   diagnostické zobrazování   etiologie   prevence a kontrola   MeSH
• léková rezistence MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• purinergní receptory P2Y - antagonisté škodlivé účinky   terapeutické užití   MeSH
• purinergní receptory P2Y12 krev   účinky léků   MeSH
• recidiva MeSH
• registrace MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• stenty škodlivé účinky   MeSH
• trombocyty účinky léků   metabolismus   MeSH
• vyšetření funkce trombocytů MeSH
• výsledek terapie MeSH
• Check Tag
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• pozorovací studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• srovnávací studie MeSH
• Geografické názvy
• Evropa MeSH

In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) t(8;16)(p11;p13)/MYST3-CREBBP is a very rare abnormality. Previous small series suggested poor outcome. We report on 59 patients with t(8;16) within an international, collaborative study. Median age was 52 (range: 16-75) years. AML was de novo in 58%, therapy-related (t-AML) in 37% and secondary after myelodysplastic syndrome (s-AML) in 5%. Cytogenetics revealed a complex karyotype in 43%. Besides MYST3-CREBBP, whole-genome sequencing on a subset of 10 patients revealed recurrent mutations in ASXL1, BRD3, FLT3, MLH1, POLG, TP53, SAMD4B (n = 3, each), EYS, KRTAP9-1 SPTBN5 (n = 4, each), RUNX1 and TET2 (n = 2, each). Complete remission after intensive chemotherapy was achieved in 84%. Median follow-up was 5·48 years; five-year survival rate was 17%. Patients with s-/t-AML (P = 0·01) and those with complex karyotype (P = 0·04) had an inferior prognosis. Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) was performed in 21 (36%) patients, including 15 in first complete remission (CR1). Allo-HCT in CR1 significantly improved survival (P = 0·04); multivariable analysis revealed that allo-HCT in CR1 was effective in de novo AML but not in patients with s-AML/t-AML and less in patients exhibiting a complex karyotype. In summary, outcomes of patients with t(8;16) are dismal with chemotherapy, and may be substantially improved with allo-HCT performed in CR1.

• MeSH
• abnormální karyotyp MeSH
• akutní myeloidní leukemie epidemiologie   genetika   terapie   MeSH
• analýza přežití MeSH
• chemoterapie konsolidační MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• fúzní onkogenní proteiny genetika   MeSH
• indukce remise MeSH
• kombinovaná terapie MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• lidské chromozomy, pár 16 ultrastruktura   MeSH
• lidské chromozomy, pár 8 ultrastruktura   MeSH
• mezinárodní spolupráce MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mutace MeSH
• myelodysplastické syndromy epidemiologie   MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• přežití po terapii bez příznaků nemoci MeSH
• progrese nemoci MeSH
• protokoly antitumorózní kombinované chemoterapie terapeutické užití   MeSH
• sekundární malignity chemicky indukované   epidemiologie   MeSH
• sekvenování celého genomu MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• translokace genetická * MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH
• práce podpořená grantem MeSH
• Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural MeSH

BACKGROUND: Acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a significant cause of acute renal failure in paediatric and adult patients. There are no large paediatric series focusing on the aetiology, treatment and courses of acute TIN. PATIENTS, DESIGN AND SETTING: We collected retrospective clinical data from paediatric patients with acute biopsy-proven TIN by means of an online survey. Members of four professional societies were invited to participate. RESULTS: Thirty-nine physicians from 18 countries responded. 171 patients with acute TIN were included (54% female, median age 12 years). The most frequent causes were tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome in 31% and drug-induced TIN in 30% (the majority of these caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). In 28% of patients, no initiating noxae were identified (idiopathic TIN). Median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) rose significantly from 31 at time of renal biopsy to 86 mL/min/1.73 m2 3-6 months later (p<0.001). After 3-6 months, eGFR normalised in 41% of patients (eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2), with only 3% having severe or end-stage impairment of renal function (<30 mL/min/1.73 m2). 80% of patients received corticosteroid therapy. Median eGFR after 3-6 months did not differ between steroid-treated and steroid-untreated patients. Other immunosuppressants were used in 18% (n=31) of patients, 21 of whom received mycophenolate mofetil. CONCLUSIONS: Despite different aetiologies, acute paediatric TIN had a favourable outcome overall with 88% of patients showing no or mild impairment of eGFR after 3-6 months. Prospective randomised controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment in paediatric patients with acute TIN.

• MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• internet MeSH
• intersticiální nefritida * MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• prospektivní studie MeSH
• průřezové studie MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency resulting in life-threatening infections and inflammatory complications. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) can cure the disease, but the indication to transplant remains controversial. We performed a retrospective multicenter study of 712 patients with CGD who underwent allo-HCT transplantation from March 1993 through December 2018. We studied 635 children (aged <18 years) and 77 adults. Median follow-up was 45 months. Median age at transplantation was 7 years (range, 0.1-48.6). Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 3 years were 85.7% and 75.8%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, older age was associated with reduced survival and increased chronic graft-versus-host disease. Nevertheless, OS and EFS at 3 years for patients ≥18 years were 76% and 69%, respectively. Use of 1-antigen-mismatched donors was associated with reduced OS and EFS . No significant difference was found in OS, but a significantly reduced EFS was noted in the small group of patients who received a transplant from a donor with a >1 antigen mismatch. Choice of conditioning regimen did not influence OS or EFS. In summary, we report an excellent outcome after allo-HCT in CGD, with low incidence of graft failure and mortality in all ages. Older patients and recipients of 1-antigen-mismatched grafts had a less favorable outcome. Transplantation should be strongly considered at a younger age and particularly in the presence of a well-matched donor.

• MeSH
• chronická granulomatózní nemoc patologie   terapie   MeSH
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• homologní transplantace MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• míra přežití MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• následné studie MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• příprava pacienta k transplantaci MeSH
• prognóza MeSH
• retrospektivní studie MeSH
• transplantace hematopoetických kmenových buněk metody   mortalita   MeSH
• Check Tag
• dítě MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• kojenec MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mladiství MeSH
• mladý dospělý MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• předškolní dítě MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH

BACKGROUND: Patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD) are at high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, biannual surveillance is recommended. This large-scale multicenter study aimed to stratify the risk of HCC development in ACLD. METHODS: From 3016 patients with ACLD screened in 17 European and Chinese centers, 2340 patients with liver stiffness measurement (LSM) determined using different techniques (two-dimensional shear-wave elastography [2D-SWE], transient elastography, and point shear-wave elastography) and with different disease severities were included. Cox regression was used to explore risk factors for HCC. We used these data to create an algorithm, named PLEASE, but referred to in this manuscript as "the algorithm"; the algorithm was validated in internal and two external cohorts across elastography techniques. RESULTS: HCC developed in 127 (5.4%) patients during follow-up. LSM by 2D-SWE (hazard ratio: 2.28) was found to be associated with developing HCC, alongside age, sex, etiology, and platelet count (C-index: 0.8428). We thus established the algorithm with applicable cutoffs, assigning a maximum of six points: platelet count less than 150×109/l, LSM greater than or equal to 15 kPa, age greater than or equal to 50 years, male sex, controlled/uncontrolled viral hepatitis, or presence of steatotic liver diseases. Within 2 years, with a median follow-up of 13.7 months, patients in the high-risk group (≥4 points) had an HCC incidence of 15.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1% to 18.7%) compared with the low-risk group, at 1.7% (95% CI, 0.9% to 2.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Our algorithm stratified patients into two groups: those at higher risk of developing HCC and those at lower risk. Our data provide equipoise to test the prospective utility of the algorithm with respect to clinical decisions about screening patients with ACLD for incident HCC. (Funded by the German Research Foundation and others; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03389152.).

• MeSH
• algoritmy MeSH
• chronická nemoc MeSH
• dospělí MeSH
• elastografie * MeSH
• hepatocelulární karcinom * epidemiologie   diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• nádory jater * epidemiologie   diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   MeSH
• nemoci jater epidemiologie   diagnostické zobrazování   diagnóza   MeSH
• rizikové faktory MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• Check Tag
• dospělí MeSH
• lidé středního věku MeSH
• lidé MeSH
• mužské pohlaví MeSH
• senioři MeSH
• ženské pohlaví MeSH
• Publikační typ
• časopisecké články MeSH
• multicentrická studie MeSH