Stevioside Dotaz Zobrazit nápovědu
Pressurised fluid extraction using water or methanol was employed for the extraction of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. The extraction method was optimised in terms of temperature and duration of the static or the dynamic step. Extracts were analysed by liquid chromatography followed by UV and mass-spectrometric (MS) detections. Thermal degradation of stevioside was the same in both solvents within the range 70-160 degrees C. Methanol showed better extraction ability for isolation of stevioside from Stevia rebaudiana leaves than water within the range 110-160 degrees C. However, water represents the green alternative to methanol. The limit of detection of stevioside in the extract analysed was 30 ng for UV detection and 2 ng for MS detection.
- Publikační typ
- abstrakt z konference MeSH
The advanced glycated end products (AGEs) are formed in the diabetic patients; it is a major cause of macrovascular and microvascular complications in diabetes. Clinically there is no treatment available for the AGEs. Stveoside (Stv), a sweetener has potent anti-diabetic and anti-oxidant activity. Hence, we investigated its use in prevention of AGEs formation using in vitro and in vivo models. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). These rats were kept without treatment till blood HbA1c was markedly increased. They were then divided into 5 groups and treated orally with vehicle or Metformin (MET) or Stv respectively for 28 days. Every 7th day, animals were tested for body weight and blood glucose (BG). On the last day of treatment, all the groups were evaluated for physiological and biochemical parameters, histopathology and AGEs; N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) estimation. Stv showed inhibition of AGEs in in vitro as well as in in vivo respectively. Positive effects were seen on the BG, lipid profile and urine parameters as well it showed reduced formation of CML. It also showed antihyperglycaemic, antihyperlipedemic and nephroprotective activities. The present study provides scientific rationale for the use of Stv as a sweetener with additional benefits in diabetes.
- MeSH
- diabetes mellitus * prevence a kontrola terapie MeSH
- fytoterapie MeSH
- glykosidy terapeutické užití MeSH
- glykosylace * účinky léků MeSH
- komplikace diabetu * terapie MeSH
- krevní glukóza účinky léků MeSH
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- lipidy MeSH
- modely nemocí na zvířatech MeSH
- produkty pokročilé glykace * MeSH
- renální insuficience prevence a kontrola MeSH
- sladidla terapeutické užití MeSH
- Stevia * MeSH
- techniky in vitro MeSH
- Check Tag
- krysa rodu rattus MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- Publikační typ
- práce podpořená grantem MeSH
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a herb known for the high content of natural sweeteners in its leaves. Its main secondary metabolite stevioside is used as non-caloric sweetener. No information, however, is available on whether stevioside or steviol interact with drug-metabolizing enzymes and pose the potential risk of food-drug interactions. Similarly, data are lacking on the interactions of steviol and stevioside with key nuclear receptors controlling the expression of the main drug metabolizing enzymes. We studied the interactions of steviol and stevioside with the pregnane X (PXR), vitamin D (VDR), constitutive androstane (CAR), farnesoid X (FXR), glucocorticoid (GR) and aryl hydrocarbon (AHR) receptors, which control expression of genes of xenobiotic metabolism. In addition, the inhibitory activities of steviol and stevioside towards the major cytochrome P450 enzymes CYP3A4, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP1A2 and CYP2B6 were evaluated in vitro. We found that steviol moderately activated the PXR and AHR, resulting in the induction of their target genes including CYP3A4 and CYP1A2 in primary human hepatocytes. A weak inhibition of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 with steviol was also found. Our results provide mechanistic data indicating that stevioside and stevia sweeteners may have the potential to induce food-drug interactions, a finding that warrants future prospective clinical investigation.
- MeSH
- cytochrom P-450 CYP1A2 genetika metabolismus MeSH
- diterpeny kauranové metabolismus MeSH
- hepatocyty metabolismus MeSH
- kultivované buňky MeSH
- lidé MeSH
- metabolická inaktivace MeSH
- receptory aromatických uhlovodíků genetika metabolismus MeSH
- rostlinné extrakty metabolismus MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- sladidla metabolismus MeSH
- steroidní receptory genetika metabolismus MeSH
- Stevia chemie MeSH
- Check Tag
- lidé MeSH
- mužské pohlaví MeSH
- senioři MeSH
- ženské pohlaví MeSH
- Publikační typ
- časopisecké články MeSH
Natural sweeteners are in high demand as a part of a healthy lifestyle. Among them, sweeteners with decreased caloric value and suitability for diabetes patients are most requested. Extension in their consumption extends the need for their quality control. A fast gradient UHPLC coupled with charged aerosol detection enabling quantitation of stevioside, rebaudioside A-D, and steviolbioside in commercial sweeteners and Stevia rebaudiana plant extracts has been developed. The method was developed to achieve high efficiency, simplicity, versatility, and low solvent consumption. All steviol glycosides were baseline-separated in less than 4 min with a total run time of 7 min. Buffer-free eluents were used in the separations and only 2.45 mL solvent were needed per analysis. The Luna Omega Polar column featuring polar modification of the C18 stationary phase was employed with mobile phases composed of water and acetonitrile for the excellent separation of polar steviol glycosides. The flow rate of the mobile phase 0.35 mL/min, column temperature 50 °C and injection volume 2 µL were used. Critical pair of glycosides, stevioside and rebaudioside A, were baseline separated with a resolution of 2.41. The universal charged aerosol detector allowed quantitation of steviol glycosides with a limit of detection and quantitation 0.15 and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. Method intra-day precision was less than 2% (RSD), and the recovery was 89.6-105.0% and 93.8-111.4% for plant material and sweetener tablets, respectively. The quantity of steviol glycosides in three out of four commercial sweeteners was 3.0-12.3% higher than declared. The content was about 12.4% less than declared in one sample. But the difference from the labeled content corresponded to trueness and precision of the developed method together with variability of sweeteners production. The most abundant glycoside detected in sweeteners was stevioside followed by rebaudioside A. A leaf-to-stem ratio describing the dominant accumulation of steviol glycosides in leaves affected the differences in the amount of steviol glycosides among plant samples.
